Showing papers on "Air-to-air missile published in 2006"

Generalized Vector Explicit Guidance

Abstract: This paper proposes and evaluates a new guidance law termed generalized vector explicit guidance (GENEX). This guidance law can simultaneously achieve design specifications on miss distance and final missile-target relative orientation. The latter may be used to enhance the performance of warheads the effectiveness of which is influenced by the terminal encounter geometry. The GENEX guidance law is parameterized in terms of a design coefficient that determines the degree of curvature in the trajectory. Feasibility of GENEX guidance was demonstrated by its application to two weapon scenarios. The first was an air-to-air missile terminal homing scenario. Assuming ideal sensor information and a single-lag missile response model, the guidance was shown to perform well against an air target performing evasive maneuvers. A specified zero-aspect terminal encounter angle was achieved while simultaneously minimizing miss distance. The second application involved an air-to-surface munition released from an unmanned air vehicle. The GENEX guidance law was able to produce trajectories satisfying a terminal impact angle constraint. In addition, an engagement region of sufficient size was shown to be achievable using guidance gains scheduled with target location and weapon release altitude.

Infrared Signatures of Low-Flying Aircraft and Their Rear Fuselage Skin's Emissivity Optimization

Abstract: This paper analyzes the main contributors of infrared (IR) signature in a typical aircraft on a low-altitude mission. Various computational models are used to predict IR radiation from the aircraft. The bands within IR spectrum in which aircraft are susceptible to a typical IR-guided surface-to-air and air-to-air missile, for typical cases of tactical relevance, are identified. Lock-on range for aircraft against a typical missile is also computed. The feasibility of a low-altitude mission against a ground-based IR-guided threat is analyzed. The technique of emissivity optimization of aircraft rear fuselage skin, for reducing its infrared signature, is introduced and compared with other IR signature suppression techniques. The effectiveness of this technique in enlarging the safe flight envelope of aircraft, with respect to threat from heat-seeking missiles, for both surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles, is demonstrated. It is found that earthshine reflected off the aircraft surface plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of this technique against a surface-to-air missile (SAM) in 8‐12 μm band. Nomenclature A = area, m 2 H = spectral irradiance, μW/μm · m 2 h = aircraft altitude, km I = spectral radiant intensity, W/Sr · μm · m 2 J = spectral radiance: comprising emission and earthshine, W/Sr · μm · m 2 L = length, m M = Mach number N = number of discretized elements NEI = noise equivalent irradiance, W/m 2 Rma = distance separating missile and aircraft, km

Game Optimal Support Time of a Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile

Abstract: This paper formulates a support time game arising in one-on-one air combat with medium range air-to-air missiles. The game model provides game optimal support times of the missiles that can receive target information from the launching aircraft for selectable support times. The payoffs of the game are formulated as aweighted sumof the probabilities of hit to the adversary and own survival. Under suitable simplifying assumptions, a Nash equilibrium of the game can be computed by an iterative search involving a series of optimal control problems. For practical situations, an approximate real time computation scheme is introduced. The constructed model and the scheme are illustrated by numerical examples.

Plume-to-hardbody offset compensation in boosting missiles

Abstract: A methodology determines the offset distance between a threat missile plume and its hardbody during boost phase to aid in guiding a kinetic weapon (KW) or interceptor missile to the threat missile hardbody using the KW infrared sensor of the interceptor missile in conjunction with a radar sensor.

Missile launch and guidance apparatus

Abstract: A missile launch and guidance apparatus of a rail-shoe launching type is disclosed In a missile adapted to be launched while moving along a rail of a launch tube, a missile launch and guidance apparatus comprises: a bushing inserted into a missile body; a shoe, one end of which is inserted into the bushing, and the other end of which is in contact with the rail; and a spring inserted between the bushing and the shoe so as to provide a separation force to the shoe against the bushing By separating the shoe from the missile in a lateral direction of the missile launching direction by an elastic force of the spring after launching the missile, the missile launch and guidance apparatus can keep constant the gap between the missile and the launch tube rail irrespective of the behavior of the missile taking place in a launching process, and the drag and weight of the missile launched from the launch tube is reduced to thereby exhibit the maximum flight performance

Status quo and trend of infrared system and technologies for America′s ballistic missile defense system

Abstract: Infrared sensors play an important role to every layer of ballistic missile defense system(including surveillance,early warning of ballistic missile launching,discrimination of warhead and decoys,warhead tracking and intercepting).Infrared FPA technology is the most key supporting technology for the infrared sensors of ballistic missile defense system.America′s ballistic missile defense system has evolved from conceiving to realization over the last 20 years.One of the most important reasons is that there has been a great breakthrough in the infrared sensors for ballistic missile defense system.At present,the infrared sensors and kinetic kill vehicles′ infrared seeker of ballistic missile defense system have evolved from previous infrared detector linear array based system(or smaller format infrared FPA based system) to larger format infrared FPA based system.The performance of the infrared sensors and the interceptors' infrared seeker have been improved greatly.But,on account of the complexity of ballistic missile defense,current ballistic missile defense system is still a primary system.As a result,USA is still developing and improving its ballistic missile defense system,including developing more advanced infrared FPAs and improving infrared sensors and kinetic kill vehicles′ infrared seeker.In this paper,a review of the current status and future trend of infrared systems and technologies for America′s ballistic missile defense system is presented.

Air-to-air Missile-Borne SAR Imaging Processing of Forward-Looking Squinted Data

Abstract: This paper investigated the feasibility of the application of synthetic aperture radar(SAR) technique to the air-to-air missile(AAM) control and guidance.Air-to-air missile-borne SAR was proposed to work in the burst mode in terms of the attack characteristic of AAM and the imaging requirements of SAR.At the basis of the simplified space geometry mode,the expression of the equivalent range was deduced,which was correlated with the relative velocity between the missile and the target.An Extended Chirp Scaling(ECS) algorithm with range thrice phase error correction was applied to air-to-air missile-borne SAR.The formulas for geometric correction were deduced based on the Doppler equation.Two groups of simulation results are given under 15.01 degrees forward-looking squint angle,which demonstrate the validity of the image formation and the work mode choice of air-to-air missile-borne SAR.

IR guiding technology based on multispectral imaging for air to air missile

Abstract: Multispectral imaging technology for air to air missile is discussed in this paper.The design methods of co-optics and slit multispectral optical system are introduced.The key technologies of infrared multispectral guiding technology,such as band subdivision,multispectral infrared detector,system matching,multisensor signal fusion and spectral feature extraction are analyzed.An example of the air to air missile is given and a dual band infrared imaging detection using co-optics-light-path is realized.The target tracking based on spectral characteristics is conducted in allusion to IR decoys countermeasure.Experimental results show that the target recognition and disturbing restraint of the system is superior to signal band imaging guiding head.

Fundamental Problem and Improving Direction for Air-to-Air Missile Laser Fuze

Abstract: The paper introduces three basic problems(detective performance,warhead-fuze matching effectiveness and anti-jamming ability)of air-to-air missile laser fuze,and their effect to the fuze established function.At last,it promotes the direction and thoughts of solving above problems.

Introducing and Analysis of Aircraft Vulnerability in Air Combat Effectiveness Assessment

Abstract: In the evaluation of air combat effectiveness,the accurate evaluation of the lethal effect of air to air missiles is an important aspect.In present evaluating models,only the influence of missile characteristics and miss-distances on lethal effect is considered,and the vulnerability of target aircrafts is neglected.A kind of advanced lethal effect model is considered for the vulnerability of target aircrafts,and the influence of the variation of vulnerable area on the probability of being killed of target aircrafts was studied.The result shows that the evaluation model of lethal effect for air to air missiles comprehensively considering characteristics,miss distance and vulnerability of target aircrafts,accords with reality.

Application Study of Athermalizing Air-to-Air Missile Optical Systems

Abstract: In this paper,the importance of athermalizing optics systems is introduced,and the principle and characteristics of the active athermalizing technique and the passive athermalizing technique are analyzedConsidering the characteristic of the air-to-air missile optical system and the domestic conditions of the athermalizing optics systems,the athermalizing design of optical systen with bimetal compensation for air-to-air missile optical systems is put forward

New Air-Launched Small Missile (ALSM) Flight Testbed for Hypersonic Systems

Abstract: The Phoenix Air-Launched Small Missile (ALSM) flight testbed was conceived and is proposed to help address the lack of quick-turnaround and cost-effective hypersonic flight research capabilities. The Phoenix ALSM testbed results from utilization of the United States Navy Phoenix AIM-54 (Hughes Aircraft Company, now Raytheon Company, Waltham, Massachusetts) long-range, guided air-to-air missile and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Dryden Flight Research Center (Edwards, California) F-15B (McDonnell Douglas, now the Boeing Company, Chicago, Illinois) testbed airplane. The retirement of the Phoenix AIM-54 missiles from fleet operation has presented an opportunity for converting this flight asset into a new flight testbed. This cost-effective new platform will fill the gap in the test and evaluation of hypersonic systems for flight Mach numbers ranging from 3 to 5. Preliminary studies indicate that the Phoenix missile is a highly capable platform; when launched from a high-performance airplane, the guided Phoenix missile can boost research payloads to low hypersonic Mach numbers, enabling flight research in the supersonic-to-hypersonic transitional flight envelope. Experience gained from developing and operating the Phoenix ALSM testbed will assist the development and operation of future higher-performance ALSM flight testbeds as well as responsive microsatellite-small-payload air-launched space boosters.

Study on the Seeker Hand-off Strategy and Acquisition Probability of Short Range Air-to-Air Missile

Abstract: In this paper,a short range air-to-air missile seeker handing-off method on no-data-stream condition is pro- posed to obtain the hand-off time.the optimal navigation tendency,and the advance seeker obliquity.Then,according to the characteristics of the forth generation short range air-to-air missile,give several typical target maneuver model and get out the target maneuver region with random start-time and a seeker acquisition probability arithmetic.Finally. the method is researched based on the acquisition probability to obtain the target maneuver influence.Simulation results confirm preliminarily that the proposed method is simple for performance analysis.

A New Optimal Guidance Law

Abstract: Based on multisensor information fusion theory and optimal control theory of structure stochastic jump system, a new guidance law is proposed for air-to-air missiles based on information fusion of active radar and infrared sensor, and its validity is testified by analysis on simulation by building digital model of missiles. Compared with proportion navigation law and extended proportion navigation law based on radar or infrared through many Monte Carlo simulations, the results show that the new guidance law reduces errors of tracking target and has smooth trajectory and small over-load, and it is important to theory and engineering application.