Showing papers on "Assemblage (archaeology) published in 1977"

Petrolacosaurus, the oldest known diapsid reptile.

Abstract: Petrolacosaurus, an Upper Pennsylvanian reptile, presents a combination of features that place it within a distinct family of the Eosuchia while also evidencing strong relationships to the ancestral reptiles. It is therefore the earliest and most primitive representative of the largest assemblage of fossil and living reptiles, collectively called diapsids.

Hominid tool‐making versus carnivore scavenging

Abstract: The effects of hyena scavenging on the remains of 75 animals in the Awash National Park, Ethiopia, were examined to provide a modern analogy to the fossil assemblage from Makapan. Brain's recent work ('70, '76) suggests that the actions of carnivores may account for the characteristics of the Makapan assemblage, a theory which contrasts with Dart's ('49, '55, '57, '59) interpretation of the fossils as osteodontokeratic tools and weapons manufactured, collected, and used by australopithecines. The modern assemblage was like that from Makapan in terms of relative representation of skeletal elements and patterns of bone breakage. Observations of hyenas in the Awash also lend support to the hypothesis that the Makapan assemblage may represent the uneaten remains of carnivore kills. The representation of major vertebrate groups at Makapan was compared with their representation at Awash and with their representation in hyena diets in the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater (Kruuk, '72). This technique of faunal analysis was unable to detect differences between these groups, despite the fact that the three modern assemblages represent animals that died of different causes. Thus extreme caution must be used in deducing any specific information about the mode of death or taphonomic history of the animals represented in an assemblage on the basis of such faunal analyses.

Early Flakes from Sozudai, Japan: Are They Man-Made?

Abstract: Some archeologists consider the lowest component of the Sozudai site to be evidence of a human occupation of southern Japan during the early Wurm period. Others deny that the Sozudai objects are artifacts. With separate test procedures, flakes in the Sozudai assemblage were identified and compared to the standard developed by A. S. Barnes. These procedures indicate that flakes in the Sozudai assemblage are of human origin.

Composite assemblage experiments.

Abstract: 1

Archaeology and environment in the vale of York

Abstract: This research is united by both geographical area, principally the Vale of York, and methodology, stressing the use of insect remains in interpreting archaeological environments. Firstly the Cover Sands of North Lincolnshire and the Vale of York are considered. A terminal Devensian age is suggested for the majority of this extensive aeolian deposition and evidence for mode of origin and palaeoenvironment is discussed, with particular regard to insect faunas from within the Sands at Flixborough and Messingham, near Scunthorpe. A brief examination of the nebulous Creswellian industry in relation to the Sands is followed by the study of Mesolithic and Neolithic artifacts from on top of the Cover Sands at Misterton Carr, Nottinghamshire, and the affinities of the earlier part of this assemblage are considered with some current archaeological models of the palaeoenvironment. The trackway beneath Thorne Moor provides an opportunity to examine a local Bronze Age environment and the problems of the genesis of this lowland raised bog and also to discuss more widely the insect fauna of undisturbed forest and the effects of human interference, particularly forest clearance, upon it. The Roman sewer in York contrasts with the largely natural environments examined previously and the attempt to interpret the slight environmental data obtained leads into an essay upon synanthropic insects and the archaeological evidence for their long association with man. This unwanted alliance provides the means to reinterpret a Roman deposit, the Malton burnt grain, which has been linked with the historical events of A.D. 296. The apparent evidence for barbarian attack in northern England is reviewed and a less histrionic interpretation suggested.

Structural unit for tank construction

Abstract: PURPOSE:The structural unit for the corner of a container tank which is to be assembled with the bottom floor made by the outside assemblage system and with the side walls by the inner side assemblage system.

Ostracodes of the Volgian "Serpulite" from Brzostówka near Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Central Poland

Abstract: The ostracode assemblage from the serpulite limestone ("Serpulite") of the classical locality at Brzostowka near Tomaszow Mazowiecki (Middle Volgian, zarajskensis Subzone) comprises 11 forms, including one new species, Macrodentina ( Polydentina ) volgiana sp. n. The stratigraphic significance of the assemblage is discussed, and its bearing on the regional correlation with the Polish Lowland area is presented.

Device for warehousing regular size assemblage

Abstract: PURPOSE:To automate packing, assemblage and package in a warehouse and a delivery center which handle a regular size assembly.

Bipolar Electrode Assemblage for Multiple Experimental Electromyography

Abstract: An electrode assemblage has been developed for the simultaneous application of large numbers of electromyographic recording points in small animal preparations. The assemblage is very light and unobtrusive and its mechanical and electrical characteristics are consistently reproduced in the manufacture of large numbers of units.

Discussion on: numerical methods in the definition of palynological assemblage zones in the Lower Karroo (Gondwana) of Rhodesia

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of using numerical methods in the sub-division of the palynological assemblages encountered upwards in the stratigraphic sequence in one borehole core situated in a central position in the Mid-Zambezi Basin, Rhodesia. Due to its apparently conformable thick succession and the variable micro-floras already encountered within it, this borehole has been proposed as a palynological type section for the Zambezi Basin, Rhodesia. The numerical methods used to delineate zones of similar assemblages were basically very simple, using only presence-absence data of a set range of species. The formulae employed were those of Jaccard, Simpson and Sokal (the only linear method), and the methods of classification were simplified forms of divisive or shaded half matrices, agglomerative using single linkage clustering, and spatial ordination techniques . The results support the concept of distinct changes of microfloras up the stratigraphic sequence. Groups of assemblages bearing similar microfloras appear stratigraphically adjacent to one another, barring certain minor instances of transition floras in the younger sequences. Measurable delineations or boundaries between these assemblage zones are illustrated. These numerically defined zones coincide very closely with the assemblage zones already proposed on a visual (quantitative and qualitative) basis.