Showing papers on "Avena published in 1984"

Characterization of Oat Vicilin-Like Polypeptides

Abstract: The 7S and 3S globulin fractions were extracted and characterized from Avena sativa L. seeds which showed similar solubility characteristics and holoprotein size to those of the vicilin fraction in legumes. These holoproteins were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, isoelectrofocussing, and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Among the components of the oat reserve globulins, the 7S fraction was capable of binding to concanavalin A-Sepharose, thus indicating it to be a glycoprotein. This pattern of the glycosylation of the reserve proteins in oat resembles that observed in certain legume seeds such as Pisum sativum and Glycine max. The results support the notion that the protein components of cereal and legume globulins may be homologous.

Sterols in seeds and leaves of oats (Avena sativa L.).

Abstract: In seeds and leaves of oats (Avena sativa L.) 12 different sterols (cholesterol, cholstanol, Δ7-cholestenol, campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, lophenol, sitosterol, stigmastanol, Δ5-avenasterol, Δ7-avenasterol and Δ7-stigmastenol) have been identified. The sterol pattern is qualitatively the same, but the relative composition is different in leaves and in seeds. Leaves contain mainly sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol and campesterol, but only minor portions of avenasterols. Seeds contain sitosterol, Δ5- and Δ7-avenasterol, campesterol, but only minor amounts of stigmasterol and cholesterol. In leaf lipids 1-hexacosanol (2.35 wt % of total lipid) has also been identified.

Barley yellow dwarf virus resistance in the genus Avena.

Abstract: The barley yellow dwarf virus resistance level was evaluated in acessions of most species of the genus Avena. Highest levels of resistance were found in A. sterilis and A. occidentalis. High resistance levels were also found in A. barbata, A. fatua, A. hybrida, A. macrostachya, diploid A. nuda and A. strigosa. Results are discussed in relation to breeding for resistance.

Growth inhibitors in oat grains. I. Leakage of inhibiting factors from oat grains during imbibition and the effect of these on germination and growth

Abstract: During imbibition, oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Sol II) grains leak inhibiting substances originating mostly from the hulls. The inhibitors repress the growth of roots causing morphological changes in roots of Avena seedlings. Neither the activity of microorganisms nor the osmotic potential of the growth medium was responsible for these changes. The major inhibiting substances of the leachate appear to be triterpenoid glycosides.

Phosphorus-containing Compounds at Comparable Germination Stages of Caryopses of Avena Species

Abstract: A number of the phosphorus transformations accompanying imbibition and initial germination in caryopses of wild oats (Avena fatua L.) differ in nature and kind from those accompanying seedling development. Even in non-dormant lines of wild oat germination is extended and seedling development uneven. The significance of early phosphorus transformations can be obscured. Procedures to synchronize germination stages were developed by (i) using seeds which had been exposed to room temperature for extended periods of dry storage, (ii) inducing germination of imbibed seeds by dehulling, piercing and/or gibberellin A3 treatments, or (iii) constructing artificial seed groupings of known germination percentage by appropriate selection of seeds from an unevenly germinating seed source. All three procedures were effective in identifying those processes associated with initial germination. The best synchronization was obtained with method (i). Germination, in contrast to imbibition, was signalled by a significant drop in inorganic phosphate levels, followed by a later rise as seed reserves of phytate were mobilized for seedling development. Differences in the rates of mobilization of acid-soluble phosphorus compounds were apparent between cultivated oats and genetically non-dormant wild oats.

An investigation of genotype environment interactions in oat lines ( Avena sativa ) derived from composite populations

Abstract: An investigation of genotype environment interactions in oat lines ( Avena sativa ) derived from composite populations

The effect of various levels of barley, wild oats and domestic oats on the milling and baking performance of hard red spring wheat

Abstract: The presence of foreign material on the milling and baking performance of a No 1 Canada Western red spring (CWRS) wheat was examined in relation to tolerances established for CWRS grades Various levels of barley, wild oats and domestic oats were added to clean wheat Either two-row or six-row barley at the maximum limits permitted for export of No 2 CWRS and No 3 CWRS reduced flour yield significantly, but had very little effect on flour properties or baking quality Oats added at the same levels produced a similar reduction in milling yield and also caused significant loss of baking quality Dehulled oats caused greater quality deterioration than oats with hulls The presence of wild oats caused greater quality deterioration than domestic oats, particularly in the case of baking propertiesKey words: Wheat, T aestivum, milling, baking, degrading factors, barley, oats

Agronomic use of clay soils from Abitibi, Quebec. 2. Effects of organic amendments and cultivation on crop production [Oats, Avena sativa]

Abstract: We grew three successive crops of oats (Avena sativa L.) on Abitibi soils, either from individual horizons or from horizon mixtures. Soils were used as such or amended with 10 t of C/ha, added as peat or manure. Yield significantly decreased from the first to the third crop. In the third crop, yields of the manure-treated samples were significantly higher, at the 5% level, than those of the untreated samples. Adding an organic amendment caused a decrease of up to 9% of dry bulk density values. We also discuss the effects of cultivation on some chemical properties.