Showing papers on "Black hole information paradox published in 1990"
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the Hawking radiation at large times is related to a scaling limit on the sphere where the star radius crosses the Schwarzschild radius (as long as the back reaction of the radiation on the metric is neglected).
Abstract: We show how in gravitational collapse the Hawking radiation at large times is precisely related to a scaling limit on the sphere where the star radius crosses the Schwarzschild radius (as long as the back reaction of the radiation on the metric is neglected). For a free quantum field it can be exactly evaluated and the result agrees with Hawking's prediction. For a realistic quantum field theory no evaluation based on general principles seems possible. The outcoming radiation depends on the field theoretical model.
185 citations
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: Gravitation is the weakest and strongest force known in physics as discussed by the authors, and when considered as a force between two single electrons, it is nearly 43 orders of magnitude weaker than the electro-magnetic force.
Abstract: Gravitation is the weakest and the strongest force known in physics. When considered as a force between two single electrons, it is nearly 43 orders of magnitude weaker than the electro-magnetic force. But gravity works collectively: when an amount of matter, somewhat more than the mass of our Sun, is allowed to cool and compress under its own weight, then sooner or later a complete collapse has to take place. No other force can then overcome the gravitational one. The process of collapse can be computed using well-established laws of physics, and few physicists doubt on the final outcome: a black hole1.
8 citations