Showing papers on "Bulinus truncatus published in 2018"
TL;DR: The location of populations from Egypt and Sudan on the B. truncatus clade agrees with the location of both countries geographically and the clustering of the Zimbabwe sequences on different locations on the clade can be attributed to individuals with different genotypes within the population.
Abstract: The transmission of some schistosome parasites is dependent on the planorbid snail hosts. Bulinus truncatus is important in urinary schistosomiasis epidemiology in Africa. Hence, there is a need to define the snails’ phylogeography. This study assessed the population genetic structure of B. truncatus from Giza and Sharkia (Egypt), Barakat (Sudan) and Madziwa, Shamva District (Zimbabwe) using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1) markers. COI was sequenced from 94 B. truncatus samples including 38 (Egypt), 36 (Sudan) and 20 (Zimbabwe). However, only 51 ITS 1 sequences were identified from Egypt (28) and Sudan (23) (because of failure in either amplification or sequencing). The unique COI haplotypes of B. truncatus sequences observed were 6, 11, and 6 for Egypt, Sudan, and Zimbabwe, respectively. Also, 3 and 2 unique ITS 1 haplotypes were observed in sequences from Egypt and Sudan respectively. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from Sudan and Zimbabwe indicated high haplotype diversity with 0.768 and 0.784, respectively, while relatively low haplotype diversity was also observed for sequences from Egypt (0.334). The location of populations from Egypt and Sudan on the B. truncatus clade agrees with the location of both countries geographically. The clustering of the Zimbabwe sequences on different locations on the clade can be attributed to individuals with different genotypes within the population. No significant variation was observed within B. truncatus populations from Egypt and Sudan as indicated by the ITS 1 tree. This study investigated the genetic diversity of B. truncatus from Giza and Sharkia (Egypt), Barakat area (Sudan), and Madziwa (Zimbabwe), which is necessary for snail host surveillance in the study areas and also provided genomic data of this important snail species from the sampled countries.
8 citations
28 Feb 2018
TL;DR: A longitudinal study on the population dynamics of freshwater snails was under taken in 10 sites selected after a preliminary study and found that the population of infected snails showed similar patterns of fluctuation among the different sites.
Abstract: Schistosomiasis is endemic in the Bauchi area of Nigeria but little information is available on transmission patterns on basis of which an effective strategy for control can be developed. Consequently, a longitudinal study on the population dynamics of freshwater snails was under taken in 10 sites selected after a preliminary study. Three schistosome intermediate host snails namely Bulinus globosus, Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria pfeifferi all of which carried patent infections were encountered. The population of infected snails showed similar patterns of fluctuation among the different sites. Population density generally increased following the rains and peak densities occurred during the last part of the raining season and/or beginning of the dry season. This was followed by a decline during the dry season owing to an increase in temperature and dessication in some sites. Transmission was observed to be generally focal. In the temporary habitats, transmission was highly seasonal having a short duration of three months spanning from October to December. However, in the few perennial habitats, there was prolonged transmission extending from October of one year to March of the succeeding year. Findings of this study would be invaluable in planning and implementation of schistosomiasis control in Bauchi area, Nigeria.
4 citations
05 Oct 2018
TL;DR: Compared with the control set, the two fishes verified to be highly efficient predators against egg-masses and neonates of the two snails (P < 0.001), while in case of the adults of both species reduced also very gradually.
Abstract: The present investigation is dealing with the biological control of schistosome intermediate host, two Nile fishes Debs (Labeo niloticus) and the Nile Bulti or Tilabia (Cyrinus carbio) were selected to determine their efficiency to control schistosomiasis intermediate host (snails). Six laboratory sets of experiments were designed, three for Bulinus truncatus and other three for Biomphalaria pfeifferi. The first set in each snail species were control group, while the other two provided with the two Nile fishes, to investigate the efficiency of the selected biocontrol agents. In control set, gradual reduction of egg-masses, neonates and adult snails of both schistosomiasis snails. Compared with the control set, the two fishes verified to be highly efficient predators against egg-masses and neonates of the two snails (P < 0.001). While in case of the adults of both species reduced also very gradually.
29 May 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of food deprivation on lipid composition in Bulinus truncatus was studied and the results revealed the presence of phospholipids and fatty acids in fed snails, while triglycerol and wax were only found in starved snails.
Abstract: The effect of food deprivation on lipid composition in Bulinus truncatus was studied . Snails were collected from Nkalagu (NIGERCEM), Ebonyi State, fed with lettuce and allowed to grow and reproduce. From the first generation, 50 snails were collected and introduced into another set of plastic aquaria, and kept without food for two weeks prior to the test and another 50 were fed with lettuce. Total lipid of the starved snails was 1.9363 ± 2.887 g/l while that of the fed snails was 6.7873 ± 1.155 g/l. Thin Layer Chromatography results revealed the presence of phospholipids and fatty acids in fed snails, while triglycerol and wax were only found in starved snails. The phospholipid concentrations of the fed and starved snails were 55.49 ± 5.72 g/l and 56.22 ± 456 g/l respectively. Fatty acid values in fed and starved snails were 0.41 ± 6.00g/l and 0.30±2.31 respectively. Key words : Bulinus truncatus , Lipids, Schistosomiasis, Starvation, Thin Layer Chromatography,
19 Oct 2018
TL;DR: Study of the effect of starvation and infection by miracidia of Schistosoma haematobium on the lipid content of Bulinus truncatu s showed that the major neutral lipids in infected, starved and control B. truncatus were fatty acids and phospholipids, wax and triglycerol were seen in stressed conditions.
Abstract: Schistosoma haematobium infection has continued to be endemic in much of Africa and the Middle East, second only to malaria in importance as a parasitic disease.Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to study the effect of starvation and infection by miracidia of Schistosoma haematobium on the lipid content of Bulinus truncatu s . B. truncatus snails were collected and kept in aerated plastic aquaria containing tap water. The progeny were transferred to other plastic aquaria where they were separated and designated as control/fed(c), infected (i), and starved(s). Urine samples of people infected with S. haematobium were collected and analysed for miracidia which were introduced into the aquaria labeled “infected”. Only snails that shed matured brevifuvcate cercariae were used for the lipid analysis. The snails were homogenized and lipids were extracted in chloroform-methanol (2:1). The lipids extracts were analyzed using petroleum ether, diethyl-ether, and acetic acid (90:10:1). All the snails survived the 2weeks starvation. Visual chromatograms and Retention factor (Rf) values calculations showed that the major neutral lipids in infected, starved and control B. truncatus were fatty acids and phospholipids, wax and triglycerol were seen in stressed conditions. The value of total lipids in starved B. truncatus were approximately 2times lower than the control (3.66+0.00 < 6.79 ± 1.06g/dl) while value of sta