Showing papers on "Collision avoidance system published in 1988"

Telemetry burst collision avoidance system

Abstract: An aircraft collision avoidance system providing warning and avoidance manuevers for all fixed and moving obstructions that threaten the safe navigation of the host aircraft. The system is effective against threatening aircraft, runway maintenance vehicles and prominent geographic obstructions such as radio towers and mountain peaks. It is an economical combination of basic telemetry equipment (transmitter/receiver) and current personal computer components configured to broadcast its host location and intended movement while simultaneously receiving the same information from all nearby similarly equipped stations, either air or ground. Maximum effectiveness is attained when data is available from the Global Positioning System but alternative sources of navigational information including dead reckoning are provided for. Althrough intended primarily for aviation use, the same technology and concepts are valid for the safe transit of ships and railway equipment.

Airplane collision avoidance system

Abstract: A collision avoidance system for airplanes particularly suited for clear weather visual circumstances which includes television cameras suitably positioned on an airplane to view all areas where there is a potential for collision with another airplane. The system includes an on-board television display in ready view of the pilot which is connected to a machine vision system predeterminedly programmed to respond to other flying objects which could present a collision hazard. The television cameras on the airplane are, in turn, connected to the machine vision system so as to transmit images to which it is responsive thereby causing an alert condition for pilot scrutiny.

An automatic guidance, navigation and collision avoidance system for ships at sea

Abstract: The paper concerns work on the development of a voyage management system which takes navigational data from such navigation aids as are fitted on the vessel, collision avoidance data from the ship's radars, and meteorological data from shore stations via a satellite link. After appropriate filtering, this data is used as input to a multivariable optimal controller which will maintain the vessel on the correct track between ports, with due consideration to safety, efficiency and economy of operation. The navigation and guidance system has been tested afloat, whilst simulation studies have demonstrated that the automatic collision avoidance and weather routeing systems can be incorporated in to the overall voyage management system. The next step is to develop a complete prototype system and undertake extensive trials in coastal and oceanic waters.

The Traffic-Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) in the glass cockpit

Abstract: This volume contains the contributions of the participants in the NASA Ames Research Center workshop on the traffic-alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) implementation for aircraft with cathode ray tube (CRT) or flat panel displays. To take advantage of the display capability of the advanced-technology aircraft, NASA sponsored this workshop with the intent of bringing together industry personnel, pilots, and researchers so that pertinent issues in the area could be identified. During the 2-day workshop participants addressed a number of issues including: What is the optimum format for TCAS advisories. Where and how should maneuver advisories be presented to the crew. Should the maneuver advisories be presented on the primary flight display. Is it appropriate to have the autopilot perform the avoidance maneuver. Where and how should traffic information be presented to the crew. Should traffic information be combined with weather and navigation information. How much traffic should be shown and what ranges should be used. Contained in the document are the concepts and suggestions produced by the workshop participants.

United airlines t/cas tests demonstrate increased safety

Abstract: A six-month evaluation by United Airlines has demonstrated the effectiveness of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA's) proposed airborne traffic-alert and collision avoidance system (T/CAS-2). United's results, plus the recent decision of the FAA to seek an extension of the January 1, 1992, congressionally mandated deadline for airline deployment of airborne T/CAS, are expected to ease earlier air carrier objections. The congressional Office of Technology Assessment is investigating the question of an appropriate implementation date based on availability of T/CAS-2 equipment and the time required for installation.

A generic ground collision avoidance system for tactical aircraft

Abstract: A novel approach was developed and tested to solve the controlled-flight-into-terrrain (CFIT) accidents problem. This approach yielded a sensor flexible and highly dynamic system. A basic overview of Ground Collision Avoidance System (GCAS) is presented with a discussion of possible error sources and their effect on the system. A description of the methods used to validate the GCAS is given. The generic GCAS was tested using the Tactical Aircrew Combat Training System (TACTS)/Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI) system. Utilization of the TACTS/ACMI system avoided the need for costly aircraft modifications during the development while proving a test bed diverse in tactical aircraft types. >

Human factors aspects of the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS II)

Abstract: : The objective of this study was to investigate three areas of interaction between pilots and the TCAS II Collision Avoidance System in order to examine the following areas of concern: (1) Did pilots maneuver on traffic advisory (TA) information? (2) Did the pilots' use of the system increase the miss distance between conflicting aircraft? (3) Would an alternate design for the resolution advisory (RA) display be more effective than the current display? The first two questions were answered with data obtained from a NASA-Ames simulation using airline crews and a Boeing 727 flight simulator. Evaluation of these data reveal 14 incidents were pilots successfully maneuvered their aircraft using TA information. Forty scenarios where the TCAS II system directed evasive maneuvers were examined. These results show that the recommended avoidance maneuvers increased aircraft miss distance in 37 cases. Alternate designs for the resolution advisory display were evaluated using military and civilian pilots reacting to a computer display simulation. These results demonstrate that a 'red and green' RA display is more effective than the current 'red only' RA display.