Showing papers on "corneal ulcer published in 1986"
TL;DR: Comparison of physiological properties, antibiograms, serotypes, and plasmid profiles for five of the patients indicated that the isolates from the ulcer and the saline solution of a given patients were of the same strain.
Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from the corneal scrapings of 11 of 14 patients with gram-negative corneal ulcers and from salt tablet-prepared saline solutions from 6 of these patients wearing soft contact lenses. Comparison of physiological properties, antibiograms, serotypes, and plasmid profiles for five of the patients indicated that the isolates from the ulcer and the saline solution of a given patients were of the same strain. Improper hygienic practices of contact lens wearers appeared to be a major factor in the epidemiology of pseudomonad corneal ulcers.
85 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is confirmed that measles infection is a common predisposing factor and that vitamin A deficiency is responsible for the majority of bilateral corneal ulceration.
Abstract: Corneal scarring is responsible for approximately 70% of blindness in children in African countries. Recent studies confirm that measles infection is a common predisposing factor and that vitamin A deficiency is responsible for the majority of bilateral corneal ulceration. Herpes simplex keratitis (caused by human (alpha) herpesvirus types 1 and 2), ophthalmia neonatorum, and the use of traditional eye medicines also constitute significant causes of corneal ulceration in children in Africa. Intervention strategies, the management of corneal ulceration in children, and areas for future investigation are discussed.
46 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that treatment should be started with a broad combination of antibiotics while awaiting the culture results, and Gram stains of ulcer samples were not considered useful in determining initial therapy in this series.
Abstract: A prospective microbiological study of 48 patients with corneal ulcers due to bacterial infection was performed. Positive cultures of corneal ulcer samples were obtained in 60% of all patients; about half of these patients had received antimicrobial treatment prior to sampling. A relatively high incidence of Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated from ulcer patients (27%) compared with normal controls (10%). Gram stains of ulcer samples were positive for organisms in only 27% of all patients and were not considered useful in determining initial therapy in this series. We concluded that treatment should be started with a broad combination of antibiotics while awaiting the culture results.
26 citations
TL;DR: Although the skin rash may be self-limited, the potential for visual loss from pseudomonal keratitis emphasizes the need for proper disinfection of swimming and whirlpool water.
26 citations
TL;DR: A rabbit model of contact-lens associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal ulcer (CLACU) was developed to determine whether lens-associated ulcers could develop in the absence of physical trauma to the Corneal epithelium.
Abstract: A rabbit model of contact-lens associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal ulcer (CLACU) was developed to determine (a) whether lens-associated ulcers could develop in the absence of physical trauma to the corneal epithelium, and (b) whether contact lenses coated with mucin prior to contamination with
25 citations
TL;DR: This patient is the only case of successful medical treatment of this condition that has achieved a good visual result, and topical therapy with these agents resulted in complete healing of the corneal ulcer in two months.
Abstract: A 19-year-old man, who was a soft contact lens wearer for correction of myoia, presented with right corneal ulceration. The diagnosis of Acanthamoeba polyphaga infection was made by culture and serology. In-vitro sensitivity tests suggested that the organism was sensitive to Neosporin (polyrnyxin, neomycin and gramicidin) and natamycin. Topical therapy with these agents resulted in complete healing of the corneal ulcer in two months. To our knowledge, our patient is the only case of successful medical treatment of this condition that has achieved a good visual result.
15 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A simple cost-effective surveillance system is described for reporting cases of xerophthalmia and childhood corneal ulceration in the United Republic of Tanzania, which has proved to be particularly useful as a first step in defining the type and distribution of seriousCorneal disease in children.
Abstract: A simple cost-effective surveillance system is described for reporting cases of xerophthalmia and childhood corneal ulceration. The system is suitable for use by ophthalmic auxiliaries in developing countries.
Presented are the results of a 2-year surveillance involving 15 hospitals in 11 areas of the United Republic of Tanzania. Cases of xerophthalmia in its early stages (characterized by night blindness or Bitot's spots) were found in all areas surveyed. Of almost 300 cases of unilateral and bilateral corneal ulceration, 46% and 79%, respectively, followed a recent infection with measles. The single most important cause of bilateral corneal ulceration was vitamin A deficiency. The surveillance system has proved to be particularly useful as a first step in defining the type and distribution of serious corneal disease in children.
11 citations
7 citations
6 citations
TL;DR: Topical norfloxacin 0.6% appears to be the best choice of antibiotic and concentration from the results of this study.
Abstract: Norfloxacin is a new quinoline antibiotic that possesses a broad spectrum of activity against both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Against P. aeruginosa corneal ulcers in the rabbit, topical norfloxacin is very effective. The present study was designed to determine whether topical norfloxacin is also effective against S. aureus corneal ulcers in the rabbit. Norfloxacin 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1% was compared to bacitracin 2%, silver norfloxacin 0.3%, and control in 196 eyes of 98 rabbits in which S. aureus corneal ulcers had been established. Norfloxacin 0.6% appears to be the best choice of antibiotic and concentration from the results of this study.