Showing papers on "Diesel generator published in 1993"

Optimal operation of photovoltaic/diesel power generation system by neural network

Abstract: An artificial neural network is applied to the operation control of the photovoltaic/diesel hybrid power generation system. The optimal operation patterns of the diesel generator are calculated by dynamic programming (DP) under the known insolation and load demand, which minimize the fuel consumption of the diesel generator. These optimal patterns are learned by the three layer neural network, and it is tested for the different insolation and demand data from those used in the learning. Two kinds of neural networks are examined, and the results are compared with each other. >

Integrated optimal control of speed, excitation and load sharing of parallel operating diesel generator sets

Abstract: This paper presents an integrated control strategy of speed, excitation and load sharing for parallel operating diesel generator sets. The objective is to overcome the difficulties in the coordination of static performance and dynamic performance and in the coordination of parallel operation stability and load sharing. On the basis of the multi-variable linear equivalent machine system model, the synthesis of the integrated optimal controller is achieved by minimizing a quadratic performance index. System behaviour under transient conditions is obtained from the digital simulation and field test. Results reveal that this integrated control arrangement can provide satisfactory static and dynamic performance and load sharing performance. >

Passenger rail vehicle with diesel generator drive

Abstract: The rail vehicle has at least one carriage (1) and 2 locomotives (2), at least one of which is driven by a diesel generator unit (3, 4) mounted on the roof of the carriage. - Pref. a relatively short carriage section is sandwiched between 2 locomotive carriage sections (1a, 1b), with all of the electrical components of the drive mounted on the roof and supported by a sprung mounting frame. A current take-off (10) may allow the rail vehicle to be operated from an overhead electrical supply line (12).

Field testing to validate models used in explaining a piston problem in a large diesel engine

Abstract: Two crankcase explosions occurred within one month in diesel engines that drive large emergency generator sets at a nuclear power plant in Eastern Pennsylvania. As a result, the electric utility conducted an extensive investigation to determine the root cause(s) of the problem. Initial inspections confirmed that the crankcase explosions were the result of pistons and liners becoming overheated. The technical challenge was to establish why the pistons and liners were overheating when other engines of the same type did not appear to have the problem in the same duty. Analytical models of piston motion, engine start, and run thermodynamics, and a finite element analysis of piston distortion during engine start and load transients were developed. Preliminary work with these models predicted a feature of the piston design that could adversely affect lubrication conditions during a rapid start and load transient. Final input data to refine the models were needed and these were obtained from tests carried out on a similar diesel generator operated by a municipality in Iowa. This paper describes the successful accomplishment of the field tests using state-of-the-art instrumentation and recording equipment. It also shows how the modeling and test work identified wear at certain locations on themore » piston skirt as the origin of distress leading to the crankcase explosions. Unfavorable engine starting and loading conditions as well as less than desirable piston skirt-to-liner lubrication conditions in the engines at the nuclear power plant have been identified as the root causes and corrective action has been initiated.« less

A diesel engine model for the dynamic simulation of propulsion systems

Abstract: In the design stage of diesel engine drive systems, such as a ship's propulsion system or a pump drive, it is often necessary to investigate, in addition to the stationary behaviour, the dynamic characteristics of the complete system. Such dynamical investigations may be required to predict the responses to changes in operational conditions, for instance to determine the speed variations of a diesel generator system in case large loads are switched on. In a propulsion plant, as a second example, it may be required to find the optimal pitch rate of change, such that the ship's acceleration is maximised but the diesel engine will not be overloaded. In this paper a mathematical model for a diesel engine is described, with which this type of dynamic simulations is possible. A major objective is the ability to define the model, without the need for extensive measurements. With a limited amount of test data it should be possible to make the model. Furthermore the model should be suitable for fast responses, such as for instance needed in a diesel generator drive system.

Double-power starting device for diesel generating set

Abstract: The utility model relates to a double-power starting device for a diesel generating set, composed of a motor, an air tank and a pneumatic starter. The utility model is characterized in that the air tank and the pneumatic starter can be utilized for forming a pneumatic starting device when an electrical starting device is broken, and thus the diesel generator set can be conveniently started.

A PV-diesel hybrid system for an operational Navy facility on San Clemente Island

Abstract: In 1992, The Naval Command and Control and Ocean Surveillance Center, in cooperation with the Navy component of the Department of Defense (DoD) PV Review Committee, sponsored a study to determine the feasibility of using photovoltaics to augment the diesel generator-based power plant at the Range Electronic Warfare Simulator (REWS) facility on San Clemente Island. The Navy concluded that the operational, economic, and environmental aspects of utilizing PV justify procurement of this system. The operational benefits include the potential for less reliance on diesel fuel and the ability to operate the system in a standby mode without a diesel genset running constantly. From an economic standpoint, power generated presently at the REWS is expensive-over 40c/kWh. Using DoD-mandated methodology, installing a PV-hybrid system will result in a savings-to-investment ratio of 2.2 and a simple payback period of 5.8 years-well within the DoD guidelines for determining cost competitiveness. When environmental externalities are considered, the savings are even greater. >

Shaft-driven Generators

Abstract: This chapter discusses the advantages of shaft-driven generators. Auxiliary diesel-driven generators that run continuously for 24 hours a day both at sea and in port can be expensive in terms of the fuel cost and maintenance requirement. A generator drive taken from the main propulsion system provides the means of reducing maintenance by avoiding the use of auxiliary diesel at sea. It also furnishes a method of obtaining electrical power from the cheapest fuel. Additional advantages brought by the installation of a shaft generator are that fewer diesel generator sets are needed and the shaft-driven machine can be of large enough capacity to take the full at-sea electrical load. The chapter also discusses the working of shaft-driven generators. A generator positioned directly in the shaft line between the main engine and propeller can be built so that its shaft is flange coupled as a part of the intermediate shaft system or the rotor can be based on a split hub that is clamped to a section of the main shaft. The converter system serves the shaft generator of a ship with a fixed-pitch propeller and a large main-engine speed range. The shaft generator must supply full output over the permitted speed range, and to achieve this at the lower end, it is overrated for higher speeds. The a.c. shaft generator is a synchronous machine that produces alternating current with a frequency that is dictated by variations in engine speed. Alternating current from the shaft generator, when delivered to the three-phase rectifier bridge, passes through the diodes in the forward direction only, as a direct current. The smoothing reactor reduces ripple. The original frequency is unimportant once the supply has been altered to d.c. by the rectifier.