Showing papers on "Electronic data published in 1968"

Toll telephone system having an electronic data processor

Abstract: A toll telephone switching system is disclosed having an electronic data processor for performing many control functions including route translation. The electronic data processor cooperates with other units of control equipment, e.g., markers, to translate digital information received over incoming trunks into directive information which is used in processing calls. The processor can pretest certain outgoing trunk routes before distributing directive information to the markers that select and establish connections to idle outgoing trunks. The processor keeps an inventory of what information was distributed for each call and monitors marker disposition of the call.

Diagnostic method and implementation for data processors

Abstract: The addition of means for selectively complementing parity signals provides a way of flagging selected words or locations in a memory of an electronic data processor. The parity error signal can then be used in diagnostic routines for signaling erroneous access to a memory location or to provide a distinctive synchronization signal for test equipment while the memory is cycled through a loop including locations under test.

A Language-Normalization Approach to Information Retrieval in Law

Abstract: An information retrieval system (as distinguished from a document retrieval system) is described for handling statute-oriented legal literature. The Normalized Sentence-Index Matrix (N-SIM) system suggested differs from more traditional retrieval systems for legal literature in three respects: (1) the categories used for classification are normalized versions of sentences from statutes, regulations, treaties, constitutions, case opinions, legal treatises, law review articles, and other documents in legal literature, (2) the classification system is hierarchial and open-ended to evolve with the literature through time, and (3) the organization of the file facilitates some analysis of the literature by computer. A sentence is expressed in implicative normal form (INF) when three specified conditions are fulfilled. Statutory norms are converted into INF before being stored in the N-SIM file. Negative implicative normal form (NINF) is also defined, and all assertions in legal literature about aspects of the statutory norms are converted into either INF or NINF for storage in the N-SIM file. The N-SIM file is designed so that it can be used manually as a loose-leaf service or in a system of automatic data processing by machine. It is hypothesized that statutes expressed in this normalized form will be understood by various audiences of readers both more quickly and more accurately than statutes expressed in their current form. A method for empirically testing this hypothesis is suggested. INTRODUCTION This paper is in the nature of a progress report on the development of an information retrieval system for legal literature that was first suggested at the 1965 Congress of the International Federation for Documentation in Washington, D. C. 1 Further elaboration of a "language normalization" approach *Presented to the American Bar Association Special Committee on Electronic Data Retrieval, August 6, 1967, in Honolulu, Hawaii. 1. Layman E. Allen, Sketch of a Proposed Semi-Automatic, Hierarchical, Open-Ended Storage and Retrieval System for Statute-Oriented Legal Literature, Proceedings of the 1965 Congress of FID (International Federation for Documentation), Washington, D.C., October 10-15, 1965 Area IV, INFORMATION NEEDS OF SOCIETY, Symposium B, Specific Knowledge Areas.

Graphical data processing

Abstract: There is a need for faster and more efficient production of high quality graphic images. Since the information in graphic images can be coded into data bits, we should be able to adapt the techniques of high speed electronic data processing to graphic image processing. Accordingly, we have constructed an experimental graphic data processor. Its design is based on the same logical design principles as an electronic data processor, but we have modified the system to accommodate the special features needed for processing graphical data. We will describe here our approach to the design, present some details of the system, and show some of the processed images. We will begin with a short discussion of how graphic data is reproduced today, outline some of the advantages of automating the process, and then talk about our own experience.

Computer System in a Shipyard Production Management (2nd Report)

Abstract: Modernization of shipbuilding industry cannot be achieved without establishing such highly standardized and specialized production processes as those of mass production. Systematically 'composed mechanization of automatic welding, for example, attained by essential application of numerical control technique to the drawing, fabricating and assembling works, will show the most, effective way of modernization. On this basis, shipbuilding operations go on as smoothly as they do in mass production, with production control through electronic data processing.The authors have established wide range of computer system, improving production system. The computer system in the field of production management, named “COSPAC”, involves overall production planning programs from master schedule to detail operation schedules. This paper relates with computer program for production planning, “LOTAS”, which is a part of COSPAC.The authors lay great emphasis on repetitive computer simulation in order to increase reliability of production planning, efficiency of production and profitability of shipbuilding.