Showing papers on "Electronic data published in 1972"

System for conversion between coded byte and floating point format

Abstract: Conversion circuitry for converting coded byte strings representative of floating-point numbers to single-precision or double-precision binary floating-point number equivalents, and conversion circuitry for converting single-precision of doubleprecision binary floating-point numbers to coded byte string equivalent representations are described. The conversion circuits are included in the arithmetic section of an electronic data processor, and operate to perform the conversion under electronics sequence timing control without software intervention during the conversion process. The circuitry to convert from floating to coded byte format includes circuitry for converting a biased binary characteristic to an equivalent exponent representation, and circuitry for converting the binary coded mantissa to an equivalent coded byte string, and includes circuitry for establishing the sign of the exponent portion and the sign of the mantissa portion. The circuitry for converting from coded byte format to floating-point includes circuitry for detecting the mantissa characters and converting to a doubleprecision floating-point format, and circuitry for detecting the exponent characters and converting to a biased floating-point characteristic, with circuitry for establishing the sign of the characteristic and the sign of the mantissa. For converting from a coded byte to a single-precision floating-point format, there is also circuitry included for compressing the double-precision floating-point result to a single-precision floating-point format.

Apparatus for addressing an electronic data storage

Abstract: The disclosure describes a scheme for addressing an electronic data storage by dividing the storage into a predetermined number of blocks and powering only those blocks desired to be accessed. Block selection is accomplished by decoding several of the input signals into block selecting signals at the storage address register (SAR). This decoding may be accomplished by a particular connection of driver circuits in the storage address register (SAR) resulting in minimal added hardware and no additional time delay. The block selecting signals and the remaining input signals are ANDed, thereby accessing address lines only in selected blocks of the electronic data storage resulting in greatly reduced power requirements and heat dissipation.

Prescribing of drugs reported to cause adverse reactions.

Abstract: The way in which data on the prescribing of drugs by doctors in Northern Ireland has been collected and analysed with the aid of electronic data proces sing equipment which was first installed in 1966 has been described by Wade and Hood (1972). The present paper describes changes in Northern Ireland in the prescribing of chloramphenicol, amphetamines, and bronchodilator aerosols, all of which are preparations which in recent years have been found to have serious adverse reactions.

A theoretical and experimental study of dynamic highway loading

Abstract: A GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL MODEL WHICH CHARACTERIZES THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF FIVE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF HIGHWAY VEHICLES IS DESCRIBED IN THIS REPORT. THE MODEL CONSISTS OF A SERIES OF INTERCONNECTED MASSES, SPRINGS, AND DASHPOTS AND IS USED TO PREDICT THE MAGNITUDE, DURATION, AND LOCATION OF DYNAMIC WHEEL LOADS APPLIED NORMALLY TO THE ROADWAY SURFACE BY THE WHEELS OF SINGLE UNIT AND ARTICULATED VEHICLES OPERATING UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS. THE MODEL MAY BE FORCED BY A SIMULATED ROAD PROFILE MADE UP OF AN ARRAY OF BUMPS WITH DIFFERENT SIZES AND ARRANGEMENTS IN EACH WHEEL PATH, OR MORE REALISTICALLY, IT MAY BE FORCED BY A NATURAL PROFILE RECORDED IN THE FIELD BY A ROAD PROFILOMETER AND CONVERTED TO A SUITABLE DIGITAL FORMAT. BESIDES THE ROADWAY PROFILE, REQUIRED INPUT FOR THE MODEL CONSISTS OF STATIC WHEEL LOADS, NUMERICAL QUANTITIES ASSIGNED TO THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE SUSPENSION SYSTEM, AND AXLE SPACING. A COMPUTER PROGRAM WHICH SOLVES THE SETS OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS USED TO DESCRIBE THE MOTION OF EACH VEHICLE AND CALCULATES THE FORCES BETWEEN THE TIRE AND THE ROAD SURFACE HAS BEEN WRITTEN IN FORTRAN LANGUAGE FOR THE CDC 6600 COMPUTER AND IS DOCUMENTED WITH EXAMPLE PROBLEMS. IN A STATISTICALLY DESIGNED EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM, DYNAMIC WHEEL FORCES WERE MEASURED AT NINE SELECTED POSITIONS ALONG A 64-FOOT SECTION OF ROADWAY BY SPECIAL STRAIN-GAGE TYPE WHEEL LOAD TRANSDUCERS. FIVE REPRESENTATIVE TEST VEHICLES MADE THREE PASSES AT EACH OF THREE SPEEDS OVER FOUR PATTERNS OF ARTIFICIAL ROAD SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND RESULTED IN 3,672 OBSERVATIONS OF WHEEL LOAD IN THE LEFT WHEEL PATH AND 1,836 MEASUREMENTS IN THE RIGHT WHEEL PATH. A DESCRIPTION OF THE WHEEL LOAD TRANSDUCER AND THE ELECTRONIC DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM USED IN THIS PROGRAM IS INCLUDED IN THIS REPORT. THE RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM WERE USED TO CALIBRATE THE MODEL AND TO PROVIDE A VALIDATION OF THE ACCURACY OF THE MODEL. THE EFFECTS OF PAVEMENT ROUGHNESS, SPEED, VEHICLE TYPE, AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON THE MAGNITUDE OF DYNAMIC WHEEL LOADS ARE DISCUSSED. EXPERIMENTAL DEVICES FOR MEASURING BRIDGE DEFLECTION AND DIFFERENTIAL MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE AXLE AND THE BODY OF A MOVING TEST VEHICLE WERE USED ALONG WITH THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO STUDY BRIDGE-VEHICLE INTERACTION. THE INSTRUMENTATION, TECHNIQUES, AND RESULTS ARE DESCRIBED AND ANALYZED. THE ACCURACY WITH WHICH DYNAMIC WHEEL LOAD TRANSDUCERS CAN BE USED TO PREDICT STATIC VEHICLE WEIGHTS IS ASSESSED THROUGH THE USE OF REGRESSION TECHNIQUES. THE ANALYSIS INDICATES THAT STATIC LOADS CAN BE ESTIMATED WITH SUFFICIENT ACCURACY FOR MANY TRAFFIC SURVEY PURPOSES, AND THAT THE LARGE SAMPLE SIZE, MADE FEASIBLE WITH NO INCONVENIENCE OR HAZARD TO TRAFFIC, INDICATES THE IN-MOTION WEIGHING AS A POTENTIAL SUBSTITUTE FOR LOADOMETER WEIGHING. /AUTHOR/

Single element printer having a closed loop digital electronic control

Abstract: A single spherical ball printing element having a plurality of print characters on its outside surface in rows and columns is selectively operated to present a single desired print character in a printing position in response to a digital electronic data input signal. In moving the ball to its selected position, the digital input data character signal is compared with a digital signal proportional to the position of the print ball. When the print ball reaches its desired position where the digital position signal corresponds with the data input signal, the ball is impacted against a printing surface to print the selected character.

Electronic keyboard including program memory means and program selecting means

Abstract: An electronic data entry keyboard is disclosed which provides for the local encoding of the characters appearing on the keys. The coding involves characterizing the characters as to whether they are upper case or lower case characters. This is done through the depression of certain specially assigned keys on the keyboard. These specially assigned keys can interrupt the internal data processing within the keyboard.

Plans for data communications in Germany

Abstract: The Electronic Data Switching system (EDS) and its introduction into the network of the Federal German Post Office are presented. The great demands of future data transmission will be unable to be met by conventional techniques. Therefore, special networks for data traffic are being discussed in several countries. This paper deals with the plans of the Deutsche Bundespost (Federal German Post Office) to establish a data network by making use of the newly developed EDS system. Furthermore, it describes the individual components of the network, such as the connection of the subscriber and the techniques for transmission, concentrating, and switching. The new network will offer a great number of operational and technical facilities which cannot be provided using conventional techniques. Starting from the present international agreements, the most important operational facilities of the data network are described, and an outlook is given on future synchronous modes of operation with the EDS system.

Magnetic Tape Data Interface for Multiple Ge(Li) Spectrometers

Abstract: A buffered electronic Data Transfer Interface has been developed for acquiring data from 1-14 Ge(Li) and/or NaI(Tl) gamma spectrometers and processing this data in an IBM 1130 Minicomputer System. Sample instrument and spectrum data are transferred between remote spectrometers and mass storage buffer and between buffer and processor as standard formatted data files. Spectrometers and the processor are serviced on a time-sharing basis in accordance with a multiple service demand queue. The first record of each magnetic tape data file consists of a serial file number and all samples and instrument data. Sample and instrument data, including sample number, sample group code, accummulate time, configuration code, energy range code, energy calibration code, instrument number and analysis code, are entered from punched sample cards, thumbwheel switches and a time of year clock. All subsequent data file records consist of spectra data. Operation of the data interface is initiated from individual spectrometers, the data interface Control and Data Unit or from the processor. Part of the data interface was installed and placed in continuous operation with one Ge(Li) spectrometer in 1970. Additional spectrometers and interface equipment are currently being added to complete the system.