Showing papers on "Fluid bearing published in 1969"
01 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this article, two different forms of Reynolds-type equation corresponding to two different types of surface roughness are developed and the mathematical form of these equations is similar but not identical to the form of the Reynolds equation governing the behaviour of smooth, deterministic bearing surfaces.
Abstract: This paper deals with hydrodynamic aspects of rough bearing surfaces. On the basis of stochastic theory two different forms of Reynolds-type equation corresponding to two different types of surface roughnesses are developed.It is shown that the mathematical form of these equations is similar but not identical to the form of the Reynolds equation governing the behaviour of smooth, deterministic bearing surfaces.To illustrate the functional effects of surface roughness the influence on the operating characteristics of a plane pad, no side leakage slider bearing is analysed.It is shown that surface roughness may considerably influence the operating characteristics of bearings and that the direction of the influence depends upon the type of roughness assumed. The effects are not, however, critically dependent upon the detailed form of the distribution function of the roughness heights.
457 citations
Patent•
06 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a hydrodynamic fluid bearing is disclosed having a deflectable resilient bearing element within the spacing formed between the movable and stationary portions of the bearing, and resilient bearing stiffeners are positioned immediately adjacent the bearing element for changing in a predetermined way the deflection response of bearing element.
Abstract: A hydrodynamic fluid bearing is disclosed having a deflectable resilient bearing element within the spacing formed between the movable and stationary portions of the bearing. Additionally, resilient bearing stiffeners are positioned immediately adjacent the bearing element for changing in a predetermined way the deflection response of the bearing element. In order to initiate bearing element deformation a groove is formed in the bearing element. Deformation of the bearing element is controlled by support elements positioned between the resilient bearing element and the stationary portion of the bearing.
50 citations
Patent•
03 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a method of providing an improved fluid foil bearing by coating the foil segments with a solid lubricant was proposed, which was used for both journal and thrust bearing.
Abstract: A method of providing an improved fluid foil bearing by coating the foil segments with a solid lubricant. Coated foils for both journal and thrust bearings are also disclosed.
36 citations
Patent•
19 Feb 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the arrangement for providing precision motion includes two relatively movable members, one of which is provided with a surface accurately defining a predetermined path, opposite which is a surface approximately parallel to the first, but not made to the same close tolerances so that some deviations exist.
Abstract: This arrangement for providing precision motion includes two relatively movable members, one of which is provided with a surface accurately defining a predetermined path, opposite which is a surface approximately parallel to the first, but not made to the same close tolerances so that some deviations exist. Air bearings are held adjacent these surfaces with ball-and-socket mountings to allow universal movement of the bearings. The bearings adjacent the irregular surface are held by a resilient means, which allows them to move when inaccuracies are encountered.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the problem of a rotating multi-recess, externally pressurised bearing and the optimisation of a design for minimum power loss and leakage and maximum stiffness is shown to be a function of an operating parameter similar to the Sommerfeld Number for hydrodynamic bearings, ηN / P 8 ( cd / D ) 2.
28 citations
01 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a classical type of solution to the problem of a sphere spinning on a curved surface in the presence of a lubricant, and the necessary conditions for hydrodynamic lubrication are shown to exist in this situation.
Abstract: In this paper the authors present a classical type of solution to the problem of a sphere spinning on a curved surface in the presence of a lubricant. The necessary conditions for hydrodynamic lubrication are shown to exist in this situation which is a simulation of one element of the kinematic conditions which occur in angular contact bearings. The theory assumes that the lubricant is 1soviscous and that the surfaces are rigid; the pressure distribution has been deduced for these assumptions which correspond to the conditions under light loads. The complications which occur under heavier loads are discussed.
24 citations
TL;DR: An experimental method for applying a tangential force to the end of a column is described in this paper, where the force is obtained by jet reaction from a nozzle clamped to a column and free to move between parallel plane air bearings in the plane of least column stiffness.
Abstract: An experimental method for applying a tangential force to the end of a column is described. The force is obtained by jet reaction from a nozzle clamped to the end of the column and free to move between parallel plane air bearings in the plane of least column stiffness. Values of tangential load which cause instability have been determined for a range of columns, column lengths and nozzles, and the unstable motion of the system is described. A theoretical treatment is presented and close agreement is obtained between predicted and observed values of critical load and frequency of oscillation.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the minimum gas flow rate equation for high speed polytetrafluorethylene (PFL) ball bearings operating in cold hydrogen gas was developed for high-speed PFL ball bearings.
Abstract: Cooling requirements for high speed polytetrafluorethylene lubricated ball bearings operating in cold hydrogen gas, developing minimum gas flow rate equation
11 citations
TL;DR: Air lubricated foil bearing support with external pressurization for high speed rotor in high temperature turbomachinery is proposed in this article, which is suitable for turbomachines with high temperature.
Abstract: Air lubricated foil bearing support design with external pressurization for high speed rotor in high temperature turbomachinery
11 citations
Patent•
25 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a measuring machine has a probe which is movable in any of three mutually perpendicular directions, and a pedestal for the probe is supported by air bearings and is guided by a guide bar which lies on a flat reference surface.
Abstract: A measuring machine has a probe which is movable in any of three mutually perpendicular directions. A pedestal for the probe is supported by air bearings and is guided by a guide bar which lies on a flat reference surface. An air bearing on the pedestal acts against one vertical face of the guide bar and a roller of a measuring device is resiliently biased against an opposite face of the guide bar to preload the air bearing. The pedestal includes a bridge having a pair of legs and a horizontal beam which supports a horizontally movable carriage. The probe is on a support member which is vertically movable within air bearings on the carriage. A pneumatic cylinder exerts an upward force on the vertically movable probe support member to counteract gravitational forces. Air bearings act on opposite vertical faces of the vertically movable portion of the probe support member, and means are provided for shutting off only the air bearing acting on one side thereof in order to exert a frictional braking force to hold the vertically movable support in a fixed position.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors solved the Reynolds equation for hydrodynamic lubrication with short-bearing approximation and numerical iterative methods, which produced inward pumping in mechanical face seals.
Abstract: Hydrodynamic characteristics producing inward pumping in mechanical face seals, solving Reynolds equation for hydrodynamic lubrication with short-bearing approximation and numerical iterative methods
Patent•
30 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the air-driven rotor of the turbine is journaled at its two ends in air bearings comprising floating sleeves, which are supported within the cylindrical wall of a housing of the handpiece by inflated plastic shells, each composed of two annular parts having a V-shaped cross section.
Abstract: The air-driven rotor of the turbine is journaled at its two ends in air bearings comprising floating sleeves. These sleeves are supported within the cylindrical wall of a housing of the handpiece by means of inflated plastic shells, each composed of two annular parts having a V-shaped cross section. Air under pressure is supplied simultaneously for inflating the shells and to the air bearings by derivative conduits of the main conduit supplying the turbine with the driving air jet.
Patent•
18 Jun 1969
TL;DR: A self-constrained FLUID-Powered linear ACTUATOR as mentioned in this paper uses an external source of pressure for MOTIVE power and external validation for STROK reversal.
Abstract: A SELF-CONTAINED FLUID-POWERED LINEAR ACTUATOR OR CYLINDER USING AN EXTERNAL SOURCE OF PRESSURIZED FLUID FOR MOTIVE POWER AND EXTERNAL VALVING FOR STROK REVERSAL, MEANS TO ROUTE FLUID WITHIN THE DEVICE, MEANS TO AUTOMATICALLY INTENSIFY THE PRESSURE LEVEL OF A PORTION OF THE OPERATING FLUID FOR USE AS FLUID BEARINGS AND FLUID SEALS BETWEEN MOVING PARTS WITHIN THE DEVICE, AND MEANS TO AUTOMATICALLY REPLENISH THE INTENSIFICATION CHAMBERS PROVIDED THEREIN, THEREBY ELIMINATING THE NEED FOR INTERNAL DYNAMIC SEALS AND MINIMIZING WEAR OF THE ACTUATOR COMPONENTS.
Patent•
04 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the drive shaft is mounted near the chamber and near its free end in bearings which radially surround it, and the bearing near the combustion chamber is gas-lubricated.
Abstract: Air bearings are pref. used. The drive shaft is mounted near the chamber and near its free end in bearings which radially surround it. At least the bearing near the chamber is gas-lubricated, and the drive shaft is driven by a belt.
Patent•
17 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a false twist spindle (Division D1) is driven by an air turbine having air bearings, which feeds air bearings 17, 18, 22, 23 on the spindle.
Abstract: 1,164,612. Bearings. ERNEST SCRAGG & SONS Ltd. 20 Jan., 1967 [31 Jan., 1966], No. 45205/65. Heading F2A. [Also in Divisions D1 and H2] A false twist spindle (Division D1) is driven by an air turbine having air bearings. The rotor 15 is driven by tangential jets 27 from an air supply 24 which also feeds air bearings 17, 18 on the end faces of the rotor and air bearings 22, 23 on the spindle. The jets 27 and bearings 17, 18, 22, 23 are fed from a common source 27 by channels 25, 26.
Patent•
29 Oct 1969
TL;DR: A hydrostatic fluid bearing comprises first and second bearing members 11, 20, one of which contains a fluid supply chamber 15, and the other having a plurality of elongated grooves 9 and an ungrooved portion 20a, 20b as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: 1,168,649. Bearings. H. E. G. ARNESON. 23 Nov., 1966 [29 March, 1966], No. 52504/66. Heading F2A. A hydrostatic fluid bearing comprises first and second bearing members 11, 20, one of which contains a fluid supply chamber 15, and the other having a plurality of elongated grooves 9 and an ungrooved portion 20a, 20b. Member 11 comprises two bearing portions 12, 13, each portion having a length greater than 500 times the clearance, the length of the ungrooved portion being greater than 20 times said clearance, and the width of the ribs formed by the grooves being less than 4 times the length of the ungrooved portion. In Fig. 1, liquid passes from inlet 17 and annular supply chamber 15 to the ends of the bearings. The grooves are rectangular or triangular in crosssection.
01 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a new disc machine which has three discs, the central one supported by air bearings, which is intended for very accurate friction measurements near the rolling point, but film thickness and other measurements can also be made.
Abstract: This paper describes a new disc machine which has three discs, the central one supported by air bearings. This configuration lends itself to simple manufacture and easy inspection of the disc surfaces. It is chiefly intended for very accurate friction measurements near the rolling point, but film thickness and other measurements can also be made. Two sets of results obtained with the machine are reported. The first, on mineral oils, shows that as the temperature is raised the effective viscosity becomes less dependent on speed. It is thought that this may be associated with the relaxation time. The second, on a silicone fluid, shows that the same power law which explains the poor film thickness can also explain the apparent loss of viscosity at the centre of the contact.
01 Jun 1969
Patent•
23 Dec 1969
TL;DR: A hydrodynamic fluid bearing comprises a resiliently mounted bush 1 with a smooth bore enclosing a shaft 3, the outer surface of which contains troughs 16 equispaced about its axis.
Abstract: 1,175,465. Bearings. COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE. 6 May, 1968 [17 May, 1967], No. 21276/68. Heading F2A. A hydrodynamic fluid bearing comprises a resiliently-mounted bush 1 with a smooth bore enclosing a shaft 3, the outer surface of which contains troughs 16 equispaced about its axis. The depth of each trough may decrease constantly around the periphery of the shaft (Fig. 2, not shown). The resilient mounting may be as described in Specification 1,111,362. The bush may have a P.T.F.E. lining 2.
01 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a new test rig is used to investigate the mode of lubrication of tapered roller bearings under axial loading and two different bearing configurations for a 21/4in shaft are used The lubricants are mineral oils.
Abstract: A new test rig is used to investigate the mode of lubrication of tapered roller bearings under axial loading Two different bearing configurations for a 21/4-in shaft are used The lubricants are mineral oils The investigation establishes the nature of the lubrication at the load-carrying points in the bearing, at the inner and outer rings, and at the flange on the inner ring Measurements of friction losses are made over a wide range of operating conditions; these are analysed theoretically, and are substantially accounted for by modern lubrication theory and a detailed consideration of the geometry of the bearings as a whole
Patent•
23 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a fluid bearing with co-operating means that form axially spaced restrictions to retard the escape of gas from between the bearing surfaces is described, where the bearing surface is either tungsten carbide, hard chromium, electroplated, or ceramic.
Abstract: 1,149,593. Bearings. S. DOCK. 14 March, 1967, No. 11938/67. Heading F2A. In a fluid bearing, either the sleeve or the shaft is provided with co-operating means that form axially spaced restrictions to retard the escape of gas from between the bearing surfaces. In an embodiment, a sleeve 3 has a bore 5 which receives a shaft 7 therein. A ring 13 is positioned at each end of the bore 5. Each ring 13 may be made of tungsten-carbide; may be hard chromium, electroplated, for example, on to the surface of the bore; or may be made of ceramic. In use, an annularspace 18, which is formed between the sleeve 3, the shaft 7 and the restricting-rings 13, is supplied with pressurized-fluid from a source 20, via a port 17 in the sleeve 3, a fitting 22 and a line 19. The fluid escapes through clearances 15 between the rings 13 and the shaft 7.
TL;DR: In this paper, the advantages and limitations of air bearings in the machine tool and measuring instrument field are discussed by reference to actual industrial applications, and the likely future developments are discussed.
Patent•
23 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a bearing assembly fluid is supplied under pressure to fluid bearings rotatably mounting a device on a support, the fluid effecting release of braking means biased to prevent rotation of the device.
Abstract: 1,149,853. Bearings; disc brakes. PREMIER PRECISION Ltd. 4 May, 1966 [4 Feb., 1965], No. 4948/65. Headings F2A and F2E. In a bearing assembly fluid is supplied under pressure to fluid bearings rotatably mounting a device on a support, the fluid effecting release of braking means biased to prevent rotation of the device. In Fig. 1, a passage 17 in a stationary shaft 13 supplies the fluid and branch passages 18, 21 supply recesses 25 in frusto-conical bearing surfaces. Branch passage 20 supplies fluid to gap 42 between braking blocks 31. 32 on the shaft and forces them, against the bias of springs 38, 39, to disengage from block 58 on rotor 11. Fluid from the brake is then vented via passages 63, 64. In Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown) seals prevent such venting. The device is the rotor of a flow-meter.
01 Jun 1969
TL;DR: Air flow and attitude angle compared with theory for rotating externally pressurized air journal bearings were analyzed in this article, showing that the attitude angle is positively associated with the air flow and flow.
Abstract: Air flow and attitude angle compared with theory for rotating externally pressurized air journal bearings