Showing papers on "Gas compressor published in 1979"

Differential geared engine

Abstract: A gas turbine engine comprising a fan, a compressor and a turbine, wherein the torque requirements of the fan or compressor can be modulated, is provided with differential gearing to transmit all of the fan and compressor power requirements from the turbine. The differential gearing maintains an adjustable speed relationship between the fan and compressor with respect to the turbine depending upon the torque requirements thereof and the gear ratios within the differential gearing.

Active clearance control system for a turbomachine

Abstract: An axial compressor is provided with a cooling air manifold surrounding a portion of the shroud, and means for bleeding air from the compressor to the manifold for selectively flowing it in a modulating manner axially along the outer side of the stator/shroud to cool and shrink it during steady-state operating conditions so as to obtain minimum shroud/rotor clearance conditions. Provision is also made to selectively divert the flow of cooling air from the manifold during transient periods of operation so as to alter the thermal growth or shrink rate of the stator/shroud and result in adequate clearance with the compressor rotor.

Compressed air energy storage system

Abstract: An internal combustion reciprocating engine is operable as a compressor during slack demand periods utilizing excess power from a power grid to charge air into an air storage reservoir and as an expander during peak demand periods to feed power into the power grid utilizing air obtained from the air storage reservoir together with combustible fuel. Preferably the internal combustion reciprocating engine is operated at high pressure and a low pressure turbine and compressor are also employed for air compression and power generation.

Multiband cross-coupled compressor with overshoot protection circuit

Abstract: A multiband compressor suitable for compressing the dynamic range of an audio signal in a broadcasting system is disclosed. The frequency band with the highest predictable energy is selected as a master band with the energy level in this band used to control the gain in the other (slave) bands. When the energy in a slave band exceeds a predetermined level, additional control of the signal level in that band occurs. The described compressor has the advantages of both the wideband compressors and multiband compressors without the disadvantages of these compressors. In addition to the compressor, a unique overshoot protection circuit is described.

Combined gas turbine-rankine turbine power plant

Abstract: A combined gas turbine-Rankine cycle powerplant with improved part load efficiency is disclosed. The powerplant has a gas turbine with an organic fluid Rankine bottoming cycle which features an inter-cycle regenerator acting between the superheated vapor leaving the Rankine turbine and the compressor inlet air. The regenerator is used selectively as engine power level is reduced below maximum rated power.

Turbocharger and adaptations thereof

Abstract: Turbocharger (20), compressor (170) and turbine (172) rotors mounted on a shaft (160) supported by ball bearing assemblies (162, 164) such that the compressor rotor (172) and turbine rotor (170) are overhung to one side of the bearing assemblies with the turbine rotor separated from the bearing assemblies by the compressor rotor. The turbocharger (20) includes a turbine nozzle area (230) having a plurality of nozzle vanes (234) spaced circumferentially about the turbine rotor and in the nozzle area through which exhaust air from the engine is received into the turbine. A control linkage (228) is positioned intermediate of the compressor rotor and turbine rotor and controls the position of the nozzle vanes to vary the flow of exhaust gases to the turbine rotor. A concentrically positioned cylindrical module (60) is supported within the compressor inlet by struts (62) extending from the inlet wall (64) to the module (60) thereby dividing the inlet into more than one inlet passage. In one embodiment of the invention, a second compressor rotor (450) is mounted on the shaft (160) in the compressor rotor (172). In other embodiments of the invention, the turbocharger (20) is modified to function as a turbojet (500, 750) and as a turbofan (650).

Method and apparatus for cooling hot gas casings

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling the hot gas casing of a gas turbine power plant is disclosed. The apparatus includes a shell which is spaced from but which encompasses the hot gas casing so as to form an air channel about the casing. A compressor provides a supply of cooling air which flows into the air channel through openings in the shell, and which air absorbs heat from the hot gas casing as it flows through the air channel.

Underwater breathing apparatus

Abstract: A self-contained underwater breathing apparatus wherein surface air is delivered through a float-supported hose to a compressor carried by the diver and powered by the diver's exhalations. The compressed air is stored in reservoirs and inhaled by the diver through a demand regulator. An auxiliary manually powered compressor is provided for startup, emergency use and to make up system losses.

Isothermal compressor apparatus and method

Abstract: An isothermal compressor apparatus and method, the apparatus including a compression chamber, a piston operable in the compression chamber and an evaporation chamber disposed in heat exchange relationship with the compression chamber, the evaporation chamber being interconnected with a closed refrigerant system. Valves control the flow of compressible gas through the compression chamber while heat exchange coils carry the compressed gas from the compression chamber through the evaporation chamber. The method includes compressing a gas and rapidly removing thermal energy imparted to the gas by the compression process with a refrigerant in the evaporation chamber.

Scroll-type compressor with thrust bearing lubricating and bypass means

Abstract: A scroll-type refrigerant compressor unit is assembled by inserting parts into the compressor housing in a predetermined order and by finally securing a front end plate onto the compressor housing by bolts, which simplifies the production of the compressor unit. A drive shaft is supported by a single radial bearing, and a disk rotor having a drive pin to effect the orbital motion of the orbiting scroll member is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the drive shaft and is supported on the front end plate by a thrust bearing. Thus, the drive shaft and, therefore, the compressor unit are reduced in length and deflections and vibrations of the drive shaft are prevented. A lubricating system is provided to lubricate the shaft seal assembly on the drive shaft wherein the oil in the compressor housing is directed to the shaft seal cavity and returns to the interior of the compressor housing after lubricating the radial and thrust bearings and other parts. A mechanism for automatically reducing the amount of fluid compressed during high speed operation of the compressor unit is provided.

Swash plate type compressor

Abstract: A swash plate type compressor for compressing a refrigerant of an air conditioning system incorporating therein a rotating swash plate made of an aluminum alloy, one or more compressor pistons reciprocating in a cylinder block for effecting compression of the refrigerant, and an operative engagement means which is between the swash plate and the piston or pistons. The operative engagement means is made of a carbon steel material and a flattened face of the operative engagement means contacting the aluminum alloy swash plate consisting of a cementation treatment layer formed in the carbon steel material of the operative engagement means.

Scroll-type fluid compressor unit

Abstract: A scroll type compressor unit including interfitting fixed and orbiting scroll members in a compressor housing, a crank shaft (15) projecting from the interior of the compressor housing and rotatably supported by a radial bearing (14), a crank pin (22) on an inner end of the crank shaft, on which pin the orbiting scroll member (23) is rotatably supported by another radial bearing (26), and a rotation preventing mechanism for preventing the orbiting scroll member from rotating. An oil accumulating chamber (32) is provided in the compressor housing to connect with the fluid inlet port of the compressor housing in order to lubricate those radial bearings and other moving parts. A shaft seal assembly (17) is mounted on the crank shaft in a shaft seal cavity which communicates with the oil accumulating chamber through a first oil passageway (33) formed in the wall of the compressor housing. The compressor housing is provided with an oil deflector (35) depending from its inner surface and a second oil passageway (37) formed in the wall of the compressor housing so as to provide communication between the interior of the compressor housing adjacent to the oil deflector and the oil accumulating chamber. Cool lubricating oil in the oil accumulating chamber circulates through the first oil passageway (33), the shaft seal cavity (17), the interior of the compressor housing and the second oil passageway (37), lubricating the shaft seal assembly, the radial bearings, the scroll members and other moving parts in the compressor housing.

Method of and apparatus for the cooling of natural gas

Abstract: A method of cooling natural gas in a system in which the natural gas contains components other than methane which are separable by dewpoint condensation and the natural gas is available from a source, e.g. a well, at an elevated pressure. In accordance with the present invention, the natural gas is initially expanded in a work-producing expansion turbine to cool the natural gas to a temperature below the dew point of the components to be separated and the portion of the natural gas remaining after separating these components is compressed in a compressor which can in part be driven by the turbine so that at least a portion of the work output of the turbine is at least in some cases utilized for compressing the methane-containing portion which can be forced under pressure into a pipeline. In dependence upon the variable pressure difference between the input of the expansion turbine and the output of the compressor, energy is recovered from the turbine or supplied to the set formed by the turbine and compressor and the compression of the expanded methane-containing portion is effected after heat exchange with the natural gas to be expanded and/or is directly carried out at the expansion temperature.

Self-contained portable air compressor

Abstract: A lightweight, miniaturized, portable air compressor of the reciprocating piston type. Drive is imparted to the reciprocating piston by means of an input shaft which rotates a belt crank to convert rotary motion to reciprocating motion. The compressor housing has an integral bracket for mounting a DC motor and gear train coupling the DC motor output to the compressor input shaft. A pair of one way valves regulate the intake of air prior to compression and the exiting of compressed air from the piston chamber for introduction therein to a flexible air hose. The compressor is secured within a recess provided in the tray portion of a housing comprised of hingedly connected lid and tray members. A large hollow recess is provided for storage of the elongated air hose and an elongated power cord. Shallow recesses are provided for positioning and aligning the innermost portions of the air hose and electrical power cord when these members are unwound and extended outside of the exterior of the housing during the time that the compressor is in operation. The compressor is designed to operate when the housing is in the fully closed position, appropriate recesses being provided by the cooperating mating edges of the lid and tray portions to provide for free movement of air into and out of the housing and to allow the air hose and electrical power cord to extend away from the closed housing without interfering with their normal use and handling.

Hot gas defrost system

Abstract: A method and apparatus utilizing a hot gas defrost system wherein superheated gas from the system compressor outlet is conducted directly into the heat exchanger to be defrosted, by-passing the condenser and thermal expansion valve to effect removal of the frost and ice accumulation on the heat exchanger surface. A portion of the hot compressor discharge gas is conducted directly into an accumulator with the liquid refrigerant received from the heat exchanger to be defrosted, the liquid refrigerant resulting from the gaseous refrigerant being condensed in the heat exchanger as the ice is melted. The refrigerant condensed to a liquid during defrost is vaporized in the accumulator thereby providing a supply of gaseous refrigerant to the compressor suction line, said gaseous refrigerant being a combination of the non-condensed discharge gas conducted to the accumulator and the liquid refrigerant vaporized in the accumulator.

Scroll type compressor having an oil separator and oil sump in the suction chamber

Abstract: A scroll type compressor unit including a compressor housing having fluid inlet and outlet ports, and two fixed and orbiting scroll members within the compressor housing. Each scroll member has an end plate and a spiral element which are maintained angularly and radially offset so that both spiral elements interfit with a line contacts between the spiral curved surfaces to define moving sealed off pockets. In order that the fluid may be reliably taken into all fluid pockets, the end plate of the fixed scroll member is formed with a suction port connecting to the fluid inlet port at a position adjacent to the outer terminal end of the orbiting spiral element. Thus, the fluid introduced through the suction port may be taken into a fluid pocket which is formed at the outer terminal end portion of the orbiting spiral element and is sent along the outer surface of the orbiting spiral element to a fluid pocket which is formed at the outer terminal end of the fixed spiral element. The fixed spiral element is formed so that its outer terminal end engages with the inner surface of the compressor housing, and a seal plate member is disposed to close the gap between the inner surface of the housing and the peripheral surface of the orbiting end plate. This permits the fluid sent to the outer terminal end portion of the fixed spiral element to be pre-compressed.

Turbocharged internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with several cylinders, with one or several superchargers, and with an additional compressor-drive by means of compressed gas, in which during partial load of the internal combustion engine, some cylinders operate as engine while the other cylinders which operate in the meantime as compressors, supply compressed gas for the additional compressor-drive of each supercharging aggregate that supplies the cylinder operating as combustion engine with charging air.

Heat pump system compressor start fault detector

Abstract: A compressor start fault detection and control system for a reverse cycle refrigeration system for detecting faulty compressor startup operation and for controlling the system in response to the detection of a fault by inhibiting the compressor and for providing a fault indication, the control system comprising a controller means receiving an input indicative of the temperature of the compressor discharge refrigerant and an output indicative of a demand from a building temperature sensing means for heating or cooling of the building. The controller means also includes (i) timing means, (ii) means for comparing the value of the compressor discharge temperature at the time of compressor start up and the value of the compressor discharge temperature after the compressor has been operating for a preselected time interval and (iii) means to inhibit any further operation of the compressor means unless the value of the later compressor discharge temperature is greater than the value of the initial or start up compressor disclosing temperature plus a preselected constant.

Heat pump compressor crankcase low differential temperature detection and control system

Abstract: A compressor crankcase low differential temperature detection and control system for a reverse-cycle refrigeration system for detecting an abnormally low temperature crankcase and for controlling the system in response to such fault detection by inhibiting the operation of the compressor and for providing a fault indication.

Wave powered generator

Abstract: A machine that includes a tank in which air is compressed so the air is used to drive an electricity generating mechanism that includes an air grinder or air turbine powering an alternator in an electric circuit, and the air compressor being driven by natural forces such as ocean waves

Thermal energy storage device

Abstract: 1. Thermal accumulator with gas, preferably air, as the heat medium, characterized in that an alternatly working engine/generator (15, 47), a compressor (13, 31) and a turbine (11, 32) are linked together, in that compressor (13, 31) and turbine (11, 32) are connected via a piping system to a heast accumulator (12, 40) and a regenerator (10, 41), in that switchover elements (14a... 14e), via which the regenerator (10, 41) is located upstream of the compressor (13, 31) for charging and downstream of the turbine (11, 32) for discharging, are provided for controlling the flow of gas for charging and discharging the heat accumulator (12, 40), in that a fresh air inlet (16, 35) is provided upstream of the regenerator (10, 41) for charging and upstream of the compressor (13, 31) for discharging, and in that an exhaust air outlet (17, 36) is in turn located dowstream of the turbine (11, 32) for charging and downstream of the regenerator (10, 41) for discharging and in that the switchover elements (14a... 14e) can be switched in such a way that, for charging, fresh air can be passed in the direction of flow successively through the regenerator (10, 41), the compressor (13, 31), the heat accumulator (12, 40) and the turbine (11, 32) and in such a way that, for discharging, fresh air can be passed in the direction of flow successively through the compressor (13, 31), the heat accumulator (12, 40), the turbine (11, 32) and the regenerator (10, 41).

Turbocharged engine with pressurized gas recirculation

Abstract: A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, such as for a vehicle, having some of the cylinders connected to a first exhaust manifold and the remaining cylinders connected to a second exhaust manifold. The exhaust gases in the first exhaust manifold are used for driving the turbine section of a first turbocharger, the compressor section of which forces the air or air-fuel mixture into the intake manifold for distribution to the cylinders. The exhaust gases discharged from the first turbocharger are then supplied through an intermediate conduit to the compressor section of a second turbocharger, the turbine section of which is driven by the exhaust gases from the second exhaust manifold. The compressor section of the second turbocharger communicates with the intake manifold so that the fraction of the exhaust gases which are pressurized by the second turbocharger are mixed with the air or air-fuel mixture therein. A part of the exhaust gases are thus recycled through the cylinders to achieve higher compression ratios while utilizing leaner fuel mixtures.

Helium liquefaction plant

Abstract: In a helium liquefaction plant, a compressor includes first, second and third stages and a precooling section includes first, second and third turboexpanders in series between high and low pressure lines of a heat exchanger. A portion of the medium pressure gas at the output of the second turboexpander is directed back through the heat exchanger and mixed with the output of the first compressor stage. The third turboexpander is positioned between the medium and low pressure lines.

Screw compressor-expander cryogenic system

Abstract: Cryogenic refrigeration system employs a power driven screw compressor which delivers pressurized refrigerant gas through a closed system to expand in a screw expander to produce refrigeration. The screw expander is rotatively coupled to the compressor. The screw compressor-screw expander cryogenic system includes heat exchangers and operates in the closed Brayton cycle to produce refrigeration.

Indoor unit for air-conditioner

Abstract: An air conditioner having an indoor unit and an outdoor unit which are connected by a refrigerant pipe and electric cables. The indoor unit has a housing, in which a heat exchanger, a fan device and a compressor are arranged. A partition divides the interior of the housing into a fan chamber and a compressor chamber. The fan chamber contains the fan and opens at the front of the housing. The compressor chamber contains the compressor and opens at the back of the housing. Not incorporating the compressor, the outdoor unit is smaller and lighter than otherwise. The indoor unit is secured to the wall of a room, with the back of the housing facing the wall. Hence, the noise the compressor makes while operating does not annoy the persons in the room is much.

Fuel delivery system and method

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for supplying high pressure fuel flow to a gas turbine engine which includes a first stage ejector pump driven by a second stage compressor which is driven by a hydraulically operated turbine supplied with fuel flow from a third stage gear pump.

Impeller shroud of a centrifugal compressor

Abstract: The shroud or stationary housing for the impeller of a centrifugal compressor includes inherent means for selectively controlling the displacement thereof during operation of the centrifugal compressor, and in a manner to substantially maintain uniform spacing or clearance between the shroud and the blade tips of the rotating impeller in order to achieve improved performance at both part and full power operating conditions. The shroud is preferably formed of a unitary member including an annular, concave disc portion substantially corresponding to the configuration of the tips of the blades of the impeller, with the annular concave disc portion being rigid and connected to a fixed flange support portion by a flexible, annular diaphragm which extends generally perpendicular to the shaft of the impeller. The annular diaphragm is sufficiently flexible such that during operation of the centrifugal compressor, the differential thermal and pressure forces generated along the length of the blades within the compressor cause deformation of the flexible diaphragm and a substantially linear movement of the rigid, concave disc portion relative to the flange support portion. The movement of the annular concave disc portion substantially corresponds to the change in configuration of the blades, thereby minimizing blade tip losses.

Compressor bleed system for cooling and clearance control

Abstract: To improve on thrust specific fuel consumption for a gas turbine engine, compressor bleed for turbine cooling is divided into an air distribution system where at least one duct is valved and the other is continuously flowing restrictively with the excess air passing through the turbine mixing with gas path air in the vicinity of the rotating turbine labyrinth type seal to assure seal cooling with sufficient heating of the rotating parts to achieve minimum gap clearance of the seal.