Showing papers on "Household hazardous waste published in 2018"

A review on the growing concern and potential management strategies of waste lithium-ion batteries

Abstract: This review paper discusses the available literature on end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from a waste management standpoint. The amount of LIBs entering the waste stream has increased in recent years because of their growing prevalence in electronic devices and vehicles. The electric vehicle (EV) industry, in particular, is expected to create a high demand for LIBs and this paper has identified them as a major contributor to the LIB waste stream in the near future. Waste LIBs exhibit many hazardous characteristics, such as the ability to spontaneously ignite and/or release hazardous chemicals under landfill conditions. The authors review the current findings with regards to their hazardous properties and present potential solutions to help mitigate these problems. One major solution is to manage LIBs as a hazardous or universal waste, which would entail special regulations for this waste stream. While lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries are often regulated as a hazardous or universal waste, most countries, such as the U.S., currently manage LIBs as a general solid waste. However, it may be plausible to consider these types of batteries as a hazardous or universal waste because they have frequently exceeded federal and state regulatory thresholds for certain metals, such as lead. This paper also identifies recycling as another major solution for end-of-life LIB management. Based on life cycle impact assessment studies, recycling certain types of LIBs results in a lower resource depletion potential and less air emissions than a cradle-to-grave management scenario.

Characteristics and Generation of Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) in Semarang City Indonesia

Abstract: Most of Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) is currently mixed with domestics waste. So that, it can impact human health and environmental quality. One important aspect in the management strategy is to determine the quantity generated and characteristics of HHW. The method used to determine the characteristics HHW refers to SNI 19-2454-2002, while the HHW generation refers to the SNI 19-3694-1994 calculated based on weight and volume. Research was conducted in four districts of Semarang. The samples used in this study were 400 families calculated based on the proportion of Slovin Formula. The characteristic of HHW in Semarang City is mainly infectious (79%), then poisonous (13%), combustible (6%) and corrosive materials (2%). The quantity HHW generated is 0.01 kg/person/day equivalent with 5.1% of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Semarang (linear equations : y=1,278x+82,00 (volume), y=0,216x+13,89 (weight).

Handbook on Household Hazardous Waste

Abstract: Although interest in managing old and unwanted consumer products with characteristics of hazardous waste-household cleaners, pesticides, paint products, and automotive products-emerged in the late 1970s, the management of such materials has been a bouncing ball of responsibility for more than two decades. Written by the forefathers and practitioners of household hazardous waste management (HHW), this book provides solid waste management professionals, municipal officials, and environmental students with a comprehensive look at the state of HHW management.

Composition Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste A Case Study in Benghazi, Libya

Abstract: Benghazi, like other cities in Libya, faces problems associated with poorly managed solid waste operation. The uncertainty of the types of municipal solid waste (MSW) it is the challenge that, hinders chosen the best method for solid waste management. This study deals composition analysis of the city’s MSW as, sustainable waste management options. To specify types of MSW the samples collection in wet seasons and dry seasons. Number of samples collected as 40 samples per season. And to get a representative sampling, in this case employed a range of sampling techniques including stratified sampling, systematic random sampling, and purposive sampling. The samples was collected, mixed and then weighed as, kilogram (Kg). The samples were characterized. as, paper, glass, metals, plastics, textiles, non-food, food and putrescibles, misc-combustibles, misc. non-combustibles, household hazardous waste. And then the samples weighed again to determine the proportion of each type. Finally, this study forwarded some important conclusion and recommendations towards improving the current situation.

Sources and Characteristics of Wastes

Abstract: The technological, industrial, agricultural, and medical discoveries of the 20th century and their massive application to daily life products have created a historically unprecedented economic prosperity to large segments of the human population. The negative by-product of all modern economic activities is the generation of huge volumes of waste. Fertilizers and pesticides that helped trigger the agricultural revolution and the steady supply of food to societies, at the same time have become responsible for the significant deterioration of the environment. Extraction of natural resources, industrial processing, and utilization of those resources have led to serious environmental pollution problems in all phases of their economic life. Thus rock materials, for housing purposes; metals, on which many of our daily products are based on; and petroleum products, which span a wide range of products, from toothpaste to clothing to gasoline have generated, during processing and disposal, pollution problems to air, soil, and water. The magnitude of these problems, be it the ever-increasing volume of waste, or the effect on ecosystems and human health surpasses the scientific and technological capabilities of current societies.

Household Hazardous Waste Management Practices among Pastoral Community of Mandera County, Kenya

Abstract: Thesis Submitted to the Department of Community Health in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Public Health (Monitoring and Evaluation) in the School of Public Health of Kenyatta University. October 2018

Management of Wastes: An International Prospective

Abstract: Hazardous waste needs to be carefully managed and disposed of as the material classified under this category can ignite, or explode, or react violently with water, air, and other substances, or corrode the drums that the waste is transported or temporarily stored in. Some of this material may also be carcinogenic, or toxic to humans or the environment, infectious, or even present the risk of creating mutations. Because of the danger that hazardous wastes pose, environmental management and regulations, in all phases of their life, are very detailed and stringent in most countries. The United States was the first to enact a comprehensive framework of regulations on hazardous waste with the landmark acts of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liabilities Act (CERCLA). These important pieces of environmental legislations are discussed in detail in order to demonstrate both the complexity of protecting the environment and human populations, and the challenges, but also the trends in waste minimization and disposal. The design criteria and the elements of the disposal facilities for these types of wastes are also discussed here. In addition, the main elements of related pieces of legislation in Canada and in Europe are described and comparisons are provided between the regulatory acts in the United States, Canada, and Europe. This will help the reader realize that environmental legislation in advanced countries shares similar elements, frequently borrowing important insights from another country's regulations, as well as the future trends. Finally, the chapter concludes with a brief exposition of the management and disposal of the most dangerous type of waste that of radioactive waste.