Showing papers on "Human sexuality published in 1969"

A comparison of sexual attitudes and behavior in an international sample.

Abstract: Survey data regarding sexual attitudes and practices of college students were obtained from 2230 males and females in the United States Canada England Norway and Germany. With regard to sex role differences more students in the United States and Canada agreed that men and women were different though equal. Fewer than 1/2 of the Norwegian students took this view but the largest number of them indicated that a 4-year college education was as necessary for women as for men. Fewer Canadian and United States students believed a 4-year college education necessary for women and the women from those countries were less interested in a career. English students favored independence from parents and early marriage with parental support to a greater extent than did other students. The majority of the students be lieved a satisfying life includes marriage. All samples thought men should marry at age 25 and women at age 23. Women students were more conservative than men concerning premarital affairs and United States and Canadian students were more conservative than the others. The reports of sexual behavior were consistent with the attitudes reported. It is evident on the basis of earlier studies that there is an increasingly liberal attitude toward sex.

Sexuality--the experience and anxieties of medical students.

Abstract: In a study of the medical student's sexuality as it relates to his total medical-school experience, 397 male medical students at the University of Pennsylvania were found to be more experienced sexually than college-educated men studied by Kinsey. Nevertheless, the average student has strong desires for sex education both for his personal edification and to equip him to counsel patients. An important component of the anxiety that he experiences in physician-patient relations is due to sexual conflict. However, his personal sex experience or sense of confidence is not related to his propensity to these sexual conflicts and anxieties. There is strong evidence that his anxieties appreciably inhibit professional objectivity. These anxieties were more marked during the earlier than the later years of medical-school experience. The student's sexuality fits into a constellation of emotional factors that determines the integrated quality of his personality, and it is this overall quality that facilitates...

Attitudes of Rural Youth Toward Premarital Sexual Permissiveness.

Abstract: This study is concerned with a comparative analysis of the premarital sexual attitudes of rural high-school students in a Mississippi community. Reiss's items were subjected to Guttman analysis in order to measure the dependent variable. As indicated by other studies, the degree of affection present in a relationship was a major factor in determining acceptability of advanced sexual activity. Overall, neither Negro nor white students displayed a widespread predisposition toward promiscuous behavior. Several variations between the racial systems in the sociocultural factors which influence attitudes of permissiveness were noted.

On the Institutionalization of Sexuality

Abstract: Human sexuality has been analyzed traditionally within the conceptual frameworks of marriage and the family. This paper deals, however, with the premise that sex is becoming an autonomous and distinct realm of social interaction. The sociological implications of such a development are explored. An attempt is made to design an analytical framework suitable to the study of sexual behavior-and its interconnections with other social institutions-as an end in itself. Finally, a case is made in support of the analysis of sexual interaction within a framework of reciprocity and exchange.

Rape Shield Legislation: Relevance, Prejudice and Judicial Discretion

Abstract: This article analyzes sexual assault legislation as it stands since the Seaboyer case. Through a discussion of the legislation leading up to "rape shield" laws and the accompanying case law, Kobly reveals the strengths and weaknesses of Parliament's effort to effectively handle the problem of sexual assault against women. Ultimately, Kobly concludes that legislation which creates blanket exclusions, such as the legislation considered in Seaboyer, is indeed unconstitutional and that the proper way to ensure only relevant, probative issues are considered in sexual assault cases is to encourage an attitudinal change within society so as to eliminate the negative and pornographic myths and stereotypes that have developed about women and sexuality. According to Kobly, once these have been eliminated, judges should be able to properly exercise their discretion to control what occurs within the courtroom so as to encourage sexual assault victims to step forward and trust the judicial system.

Our most explosive sex education issue: birth control.

Abstract: In order to visualize the role of the school in population and birth control education information is needed regarding the major policies currently being debated and advocated and the pro and con arguments being advanced. The traditional policy has been to exclude birth control education. Some of the reasons advanced for excluding birth control education are the following: 1) including birth control information gives tacit approval for high school students to engage in premarital sexual intercourse; 2) teaching contraceptive methods alone would not solve the problem of premarital pregnancy because unwed adolescent pregnancy is sometimes because of human factors other than ignorance and lack of contraceptives; and 3) birth control is a public health and medical rather than an educational problem. An emerging new policy emphasizes teaching about population and birth control. Reasons in support of this policy include: 1) provide accurate knowledge regarding birth control from reliable sources to counteract misconceptions gained from poorly informed friends and other sources; and 2) the assumption that giving birth control information to adolescents would lead to sexual immorality and promiscuity is unproven. There is a need to develop an ecologic-ethical approach to family life and sex education in the United States. A need exists for being concerned with all the major dimensions of human sexuality and sexual behavior in sex education -- the biologic psychologic social ethical and religious. The concept approach can help to focus the teaching-learning process and experiences on basic principles and generalization.

Erotic Fantasies: A Study of the Sexual Imagination

Abstract: This pathbreaking compilation, long out of print, is a survey of sexual fantasies from early folklore to the bawdy tales of the prolific Victorians to a very modern version of "Little Red Riding Hood." Here, among other selections, are vignettes from Poggio, Rabelais, and the "Divine" Aretino, instructive dialogues from the seventeenth-century Whore's Rhetorick, nineteenth-century flights of invention like Gynecocracy, Prince Cherrytop, and Les Tableaux Vivants, and a "superman" fantasy by Alfred Jarry--excerpts from the entire spectrum of Western erotica. In their frank and fascinating commentary, the Drs. Kronhausen mine these "mental aphrodisiacs" as a valuable source of psychological and cultural insight. As they point out, it is the element of fantasy that distinguishes human sexuality from that of other species. In a spirit of respect for the play of the human imagination in all its forms, they commend their volume to their fellow professionals and to anyone "with literary interests, a sense of humor, and the moral courage to look at his own unknown psyche and that of his fellow men."

Sex Attitudes and the Fear of Venereal Disease Among College Students

Abstract: Several codes, either promiscuity or abstinence, are clearly linked with the veneral disease rate. At the present time, there are certain changes occurring in the moral code of our society. The typical attitude toward sexual behavior in America has been puritanical and derived from the Victorian concept of sexuality so closely linked to the rise of industrialism and urbanism. Under these conditions, sexual behavior was a public as well as a private issue. As a concomitant of the changing sexual code there appears to be a change for the worse in the venereal disease rate. Illustrative of these changes are the comparative venereal disease rates for the last two decades. Venereal disease rates fell from a high of 358.2 per 100,000 population in 1950 to a low of 197.8 per 100,000 in 1958 (American Social Health Association). Since that time the rates have been steadily on the increase. During the last two years in particular public awareness of the increased proportions of the problem has begun to be manifest. In 1965 the total venereal disease rate was 223.5 per 100,000 population (American Social Health Association). This increase has been marked particularly by a drop in the age range wherein the contraction of the disease occurs. The most recent figures from the Department of Health of the State of Georgia, the state where the present study was conducted, show that over 50% of the reported cases were below the age of twenty-five and even more disturbing over 29% of the cases were below the age of twenty (Morgan, 1964). As a consequence of these two changes in society and its problem, the present investigation, as part of a larger study on sexual attitudes of college students, attempted to determine the role that fear of venereal disease plays in preventing coitus.

Education for family planning.

Abstract: The change in sexual mores in the U.S. which has occurred since World War 2 had several cultural causes: 1)social mobility; 2)changing sexual roles; 3)mass media influence; and 4)technological advances. As a result attitudes towards sex and toward marriage and families have changed. Family planning programs should provide education and services. The small family norm should be emphasized and appreciation of the role of the family in community life stressed. Further basic research on human reproduction is needed. Fertility and population goals should be established for the U.S. Family planning information should be available to all socioeconomic groups and taught in school to youth. The U.S. should provide family planning assistance to any country requesting it.

A Post-Freudian Comment on Sexuality

Abstract: There exists a large gap in our knowledge and understanding of the correlations between adequate sexual functioning and maturity. From the classic psychoanalytic viewpoint, only those who have reached the genital stage of psychosexual development should be able to function in a sexually adequate way. The author suggests that this is unrealistic and that if in a sexual setting where there is rapprochement a neurotic person is accepted on his terms, adequate functioning may well be possible. Responsibility as part of the patient's interpersonal relationships is also examined.

Positive Effects of Sex Information on Emotional Patterns of Behavior

Abstract: Today, interest in human sexuality and sex education is coming of age. Since Kinsey and co-workers (1948) published their first landmark statistical investigation of human sexual behavior, sex information has become an open issue in this country. During the past decade the anatomy and physiology of human response to sexual stimuli has been scientifically established (Masters and Johnson, 1966). Byrne (1961, 1965, 1966) and other proponents for sexology have correlated certain defensive patterns of emotional behavior and responses to sexual stimuli. Sophisticated educators and sexologists have long realized the need for a more acceptable sex philosophy, recognizing the complexity, confusion and dilemma encountered in sex education. Recently the study of sex has been channeled to the academic world. The justification and legitimacy of scientific research and the academic study of sex have been realized; the effects of such studies have not.

Life planning in the Americas.

Abstract: Sexual activity is occurring among young people in the Americas at ever earlier ages. Young women have 1st intercourse at ages 15-17 years while males initiate sexual activity as young as 13-14 years. However only 17% of young people surveyed use contraception at 1st intercourse and in the US 2/3 of sexually active teens never use contraception. Alarmed by rising rates of adolescent pregnancy and aware of changing social mores and adolescents needs for accurate information about sexual responsibility family planning associations are developing ways to involve young people in their programs and give them the services and information they desire. A variety of techniques are being used in the Western Hemisphere to encourage open well-informed dialogue about responsible sexuality. Television and radio have emerged as sure ways to reach large audiences of young people. Trained peer counselors have been found to be another effective tool. Multiservice adolescent centers offering cultural recreational health and educational activities often attract young people who would not come to a strictly family planning facility. Theater outreach performances have been able to offer new perspectives on teenage life to young people their parents and teachers. A major lesson learned is that young people know what they need from a family planning program; adults in the field need to listen to them and allow them to express themselves openly. Those who work with adolescents should be creative nonjudgmental confidential knowledgeable enthusiastic caring individuals who will attract young people to programs and keep them involved.

Estudo da relação entre início da atividade sexual e gravidez

Abstract: This article discusses the relationship between sexuality and teen pregnancy in the contexto family planning. It is a literature review and field research carried out in localities of the State of Parana, Brazil. The research, situated within the interdisciplinary field of bioethics, allows analysis of some causes of absence or presence of family planning in people who have already had children. This article, focusing on sexuality in adolescence, is therefore a partial result of this research. The objective of this study was to map the presence or absence of parenting projectin people who have had children in their teens, compared with the beginning of sexual activity of the research’s participants. The study was developed by a field research with 655 persons in the cities of Curitiba and Jacarezinho, State of Parana, where the instrumentapplied was Parenting Planning in the Contexto Bioethics, validated by the research group. The literature related to sexuality has been demonstrating a tendency to decrease in age for the starting of sexual activity. The survey points to the same trend and show s the pace with which this occurred in recent decades. The sam e situation applies to the teen pregnancy, since both the literature review and field research point to the rise in teenage pregnancy over the past decades. This relationship between precocity of sexual activity and teen pregnancy is seen, in our point of view, as a symptom of lack of family planning.