Showing papers on "Mineral processing published in 2005"

Chemistry and optimal conditions for copper minerals flotation: theory and practice

Abstract: Reliable information on the surface state of sulphide copper minerals and regularities of sulphidization and flotation of oxidized copper minerals, the composition of sorption layer on the mineral surface forming during its interaction with xanthate or dixanthogen, and the influence of collector forms sorption on the copper minerals floatability and on the optimal conditions for these minerals flotation and depression has been obtained at present. The determined physicochemical models in the form of quantitative equations have been derived for the optimal conditions of flotation and depression of copper minerals under changing pH value and of sodium sulphide, lime, cyanide, zinc–cyanide complexes additions. The equations derived were proven in the laboratory and industrial scale and can be used both in automatic control systems at plants and for improvement of technological processes of selective flotation of copper containing ores.

Sizing roller screen ore processing apparatus

Abstract: A mined ore processing apparatus to process mined ores, such as oil sands ore, into granular material is disclosed. An ore processor bed receives the ore to be processed. The ore processor bed has a frame supporting several rotating elements each separately driven to provide independent rotation rate and direction from the other. The ore processing bed is operable as a sizing device to decimate mined ore supply into granular material and separating it from rocks and other large lump mineral materials found in situ. The ore processing bed may be oriented to provide an upward inclination, which, when combined with alternating rotating element rotation directions, provides a crushing action to the ore material to crush larger rock. Alternately, a rock crusher is also provided to disintegrate oversized materials.

12 – Froth flotation

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter presents the principles of flotation and characteristics. Flotation is a physico-chemical separation process that utilizes the difference in surface properties of the valuable minerals and the unwanted gangue minerals. The theory of froth flotation is complex, involving three phases—solids, water, and froth-with many sub-processes and interactions, and it is not completely understood. In flotation concentration, the mineral is usually transferred to the froth, or float fraction, leaving the gangue in the pulp or tailing. This is direct flotation and the opposite is reverse flotation, in which the gangue is separated into the float fraction. Flotation is undoubtedly the most important and versatile mineral processing technique, and both its use and application are continually being expanded to treat greater tonnages and to cover new areas. Flotation has permitted the mining of low-grade and complex ore bodies that would have otherwise been regarded as uneconomic. In earlier practice, the tailings of many gravity plants were of a higher grade than the ore treated in many modern flotation plants. Flotation is a selective process and can be used to achieve specific separations from complex ores such as lead-zinc and copper-zinc. Initially developed to treat the sulphides of copper, lead, and zinc, the field of flotation has now expanded to include platinum; nickel; gold-hosting sulphides; and oxides such as hematite and cassiterite; oxidized minerals such as malachite and cerussite; and non-metallic ores such as fluorite, phosphates, and fine coal. The chapter also explains roles of collectors, frothers, regulators, activators, depressants, and the processes such as bubble generation and froth performance.

Method and apparatus for oil sands ore mining

Abstract: A system for recovering hydrocarbons from oil sands includes a mobile excavator, a mobile crusher for receiving and crushing the excavated ore, and a mobile conveyor to transport crushed ore to an ore processing unit, which further crushes the ore and mixes same with water to form a slurry. The slurry is transported to a hydrocarbon separation facility. In one aspect, the ore processing unit is also mobile, independent of the excavator. In a further embodiment, the invention provides a mineral separating facility comprising a three-stage counter-current cyclone system. In a further embodiment, the mineral separating facility is also mobile The invention also provides a process for bitumen recovery from oil sand ores. In a further aspect, a system and process is provided for the mobile excavating and treatment of oil sand ore, including improved treatment of tailings for rapid water recovery.

Method for cyclic utilizing mineral dressing waste water from sulphur ore of lead-zinc

Abstract: The waste water circular utilization provided by this invention is to use mineral operation waste water for milling of ores prodn. zenc tail water can be direct reused to zenc selecting operation, flume water can be direct reused to sulphur selecting operation, mineral operation waste water can be reused for ore grinding, lead selecting and mineral operation after being processed suitably. Said processes include: to add sulphuric in mineral operation waste water to adjust pH value to 8-11, add flocculator and aluminum suffate to do coagulating sedimentation, then to do adsorption to the waste water being processed by coagulating sedimention by adding active carbon again, to add defoaming agent into the mineral operation waste water.

Flotation as a Separation Process

Abstract: The importance of the flotation process to the economy of the whole industrial world is considered enormous. Without this process, many familiar metals and inorganic raw materials would be exceedingly scarce and costly because the high-grade ores that could be processed by simple physical and mechanical methods have long since been used up (1). Flotation initially originated from the field of mineral processing, usually termed froth flotation. For many years, various particulate solids besides minerals have been extracted from water by using this effective gravity separation method that is based on the idea of applying rising gas bubbles as the transport medium; the attachment of bubbles to particles transfers the solids from the body of water to the surface. As opposed to settling, flotation is a solid–liquid separation technique that is applied to particles whose density is lower or has been made lower than the liquid they are in. These flotation applications include mainly the treatment of water and wastewater. Keywords: dispersed-air flotation; dissolved air; electroflotation; metals; adsorbents; sorption; bubbles

Novel Binders and Methods for Agglomeration of Ore

Abstract: Many metal extraction operations, such as leaching of copper, leaching of precious metals, and reduction of metal oxides to metal in high-temperature furnaces, require agglomeration of ore to ensure that reactive liquids or gases are evenly distributed throughout the ore being processed. Agglomeration of ore into coarse, porous masses achieves this even distribution of fluids by preventing fine particles from migrating and clogging the spaces and channels between the larger ore particles. Binders are critically necessary to produce agglomerates that will not breakdown during processing. However, for many important metal extraction processes there are no binders known that will work satisfactorily. Primary examples of this are copper heap leaching, where there are no binders that will work in the acidic environment encountered in this process. As a result, operators of many facilities see large loss of process efficiency due to their inability to take advantage of agglomeration. The large quantities of ore that must be handled in metal extraction processes also means that the binder must be inexpensive and useful at low dosages to be economical. The acid-resistant binders and agglomeration procedures developed in this project will also be adapted for use in improving the energy efficiency and performance of a broad range of mineral agglomeration applications, particularly heap leaching.

Method of concentrating complex iron-titanium-vanadium ores

Abstract: FIELD: mineral dressing. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns production of iron-titanium-vanadium concentrates from corresponding complex ores for subsequent metallurgical processing. Method comprises crushing original ores followed by dry magnetic separation. Crushing involves opening of combined junctions of titanium-magnetite-ilmenite with silicate minerals and is carried out to achieve fineness from 50 to 15 mm. Dry magnetic separation is effected at magnetic field intensity 40 to 120 kA/m, specific productivity from 50 to 100 t/h per 1 m length of magnetic separator drum, and moisture of ore being concentrated from 3 to 5% resulting in isolation of combined titanium-magnetite-ilmenite concentrate into magnetic fraction for succeeding smelting to produce vanadium-containing cast iron and high-titanium slags for production of titanium dioxide. ^ EFFECT: enhanced process efficiency. ^ 1 dwg, 1 tbl

7 – Grinding mills

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter explains the process of grinding, which is the last stage in the process of comminution. In this stage the particles are reduced in size by a combination of impact and abrasion, either dry or in suspension in water. It is performed in rotating cylindrical steel vessels that contain a charge of loose crushing bodies—the grinding medium—which is free to move inside the mill thus comminuting the ore particles. The chapter also explains the tumbling mills and stirred mills—both are types of grinding mills. In tumbling mills, the mill shell is rotated, and motion is imparted to the charge via the mill shell. The grinding medium may be steel rods, balls, or rock itself. Although tumbling mills have been developed to a high degree of mechanical efficiency and reliability, they are extremely wasteful in terms of energy expended since the ore is mostly broken as a result of repeated, random impacts that break liberated as well as unliberated particles. Although the correct degree of liberation is the principal purpose of grinding in mineral processing, this treatment is sometimes used to increase the surface area of the valuable minerals even though they may already be essentially liberated from the gangue. This is very important in processes where grinding is followed by hydrometallurgical methods of treatment.

Molecular modelling of mineral surface structures and adsorption phenomena in flotation

Abstract: Understanding the fundamental principles governing the reactions at surfaces has always been the goal of theoretical surface science. The atomistic simulation techniques have been used to calculate ...

PROCESSING MINERALOGY OF ARGENTINE IN THE XITIESHAN Pb-Zn DEPOSIT

Abstract: Study on the existingstate of Ag-associated minerals from the Xitieshan Pb-Zn sulfide ore was emphatically conducted in order to better comprehensively utilize the mineral resource. The kinds of main silver-bearing minerals in the ore, their distribution state, their technological characteristics and the approach of improving the recovery of associated silver,as well as the possible increase in recovery were revealed, which provided an essential fundamental material for technological research on mineral processing.

Research on mineral processing technology for a certain polymetallic sulphide ore

Abstract: In order to provide mineral processing solution for the exploitation and utilization of a certain refractory polymetallic deposit with particle inclusion, a research on mineral processing technology has been conducted. The pilot test shows that when a technological process of floatation separation by semi -preferential, semi-mixing and regrinding after mixing of copper and sulphur coarse concentrates, the use of selective collector can effectively realize the separation of copper and sulphur. The indexes from closed circuit floatation pilot test are: copper content 1.23% and sulphur content 31.33% for crude ore, copper concentrate grade 18.16%, flotation copper recovery rate 76.63%, sulphur concentrate grade 37.45% and sulphur recovery rate 89.45%. Pre-desliming and recovery of copper contained in the slime and semi-preferential copper floatation under natural pH condition will create favorable conditions for the subsequent copper and sulphur mixed floatation. During regrinding operation of mixed coarse concentrate, moderate addition of active carbon as desliming agent will intensify the copper and sulphur separation effect so as to achieve satisfactory separation indexes.

Purification of trona ores by conditioning with an oil-in-water emulsion

Abstract: The present invention is a trona concentrate and a process for floating gangue material from trona ore that comprises forming an emulsion, conditioning the trona ore at a high solids content in a saturated trona suspension, and then floating and removing the gangue material. The process for separating trona from gangue materials in trona ore can include emulsifying an oil in an aqueous solution to form an oil-in-water emulsion. A saturated trona suspension having a high solids content can also be formed having trona of a desired particle size. The undissolved trona in the saturated suspension can be conditioned by mixing the saturated suspension and the oil-in-water emulsion to form a conditioning solid suspension of trona and gangue material. A gas can be injected through the conditioning solid suspension to float the gangue material. Thus, the floated gangue material can be readily separated from the trona to form a purified trona concentrate without requirements of additional heat or other expensive processing steps.

SILVER-BEARING MINERALS FROM THE ORE BODY "NORTH" IN SEDEFCHE EPITHERMAL Au-Ag DEPOSIT (EASTERN RHODOPES)

Abstract: The paper discusses the features of the ore mineralisation of the ore body "North" of Au-Ag epithermal deposit Sedefche, Zvezdel-Pcheloiad ore field, Eastern Rhodopes. Special attention is drowning to the form of Ag presence and its behaviour during the experimental tests for mineral processing of ores. Pyrargyrite and miargyrite are found as the main Ag-bearing minerals in ores, andorite and acantite are rarely observed, and preliminary data are obtained for plagionite (?) presence. Arsenian pyrite containing Ag as a trace element (0.15 wt. %) is established as well. Phase analyses of ore probe (75 kg) is performed and distribution of Ag during the hydrometallurgical processing and its extracting through flotation process has been done.