Showing papers on "Murashige and Skoog medium published in 1971"

Growth and infectivity of callus cultures of tomato plants infected with a mycoplasma disease — Potato witches' broom

Abstract: Callus tissues were derived from the stem of healthy tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. ev. Průhonicke) and of plants infected with potato witches' broom—a disease caused by mycoplasma. Callus cultures were established on modified fully synthetic media described byMorel (1948) and byMurashige andSkoog (1962). Callus cultures obtained from diseased plants were grown and subcultured on both media, growth in primary isolates from healthy plants took place on the Murashige and Skoog medium only. Growth of callus tissue derived from diseased plants was more vigorous even after several subcultivations in comparison with callus tissues isolated from healthy plants. Variations in the morphology in these callus cultures were not noted. Callus cells of diseased plants varied in size; they were about 50% larger than those from healthy ones. Implantation of primary and subcultivated callus tissues into tomato stems of healthy plants did not show any symptoms of infection on test plants.

Studies on the morphogenesis of asparagus

Abstract: Small explants derived from pith tissue of asparagus spears were cultured on a medium devised by either WHITE or MURASHIGE and SKOOG (MS) to which0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0mg/l auxin (2, 4-D or NAA), and 0, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 80g/l sucrosewere added. The cultures were kept in a dark growth room maintained at 25°C. The experimental results are summarized as follows:1. The most prominent callus growth occurred where the sucrose concentrations were at 10 to 20 g/l. Therefore, in all subsequent trials, the sucrose concentration was maintained at 20g/l.2. A good yield of callus resulted in a medium containing 0.1-1.0mg/l BA plus 0.1-1.0mg/l 2, 4-D or 1.0-10.0mg/l NAA.3. In the medium without BA, auxin alone was found to be beneficial to the growth of callus at concentrations from 0.01 to 10.0mg/l. The optimum concentration was found to be 0.1mg/l.4. Shoots and roots were formed in some combinations of BA and auxin on the MS medium but none was observed on WHITE′s preparation.

Growth and tissue formation from single geranium cells from virus-infected geraniums*

Abstract: Single geranium (Pelargonium hortorum, Bailey) cells from callus isolated originally from stem tips of virus-infected plants were grown in microculture chambers in liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.1 mg per liter of α-naphthalane acetic acid and 10.0 mg per liter of kinetin. Four of 1,000 of these single cells divided in the microculture chamber and produced colonies of 15 to 20 cells in 9 to 16 days. In all of the cases the plane of the first few cell division was at right angles to the long axis of the cells. Subsequently, one of the masses of cells obtained from a single cell, when transferred to solid Murashige and Skoog medium, established itself as a clone of callus tissue. Although the yield was low, the results were encouraging for the ultimate production of plants. These results suggested that, just as virus-free tobacco plants have been induced from single cell clones from certain tobacco species, virus-free single geranium cells may be useful to establish single cell clones from which pathogen-free geranium plants may be induced to differentiate.