Showing papers on "Noma published in 1996"
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TL;DR: The experience at Galmi Hospital, in the sub-Saharan region of South Africa in the Niger Republic, with 50 operative patients out of a group of 300 who were referred is described.
Abstract: Cancrum oris or noma is a condition not well known in western Europe and North America. It is, however, a relatively common cause of mortality and disability in children of undeveloped areas of Africa, Asia, and South America. This paper describes the experience at Galmi Hospital, in the sub-Saharan region of South Africa in the Niger Republic, with 50 operative patients out of a group of 300 who were referred. An extensive review of the literature is presented describing the epidemiological impact of the disease, the characteristics of the lesions, the pathogenesis, symptoms, sequelae, differential diagnosis, and preoperative preparation. Additionally, we review approaches to anesthesia, methods of reconstruction, and the most common causes of complications and mortality. Numerous photographs illustrating the devastating consequences of this problem are presented.
54 citations
TL;DR: Minimal but thorough debridement of necrotic tissue along with lavage with povidone-iodine is effective in controlling this infective process and long-term sequelae of noma are not possible because of the underlying HIV infection from which the patients inevitably soon succumbs.
47 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Necrotizing gingivostomatitis is an increasingly rare but potentially serious infection that can present as a spectrum of clinical disease ranging from necrotizing ulcerative gingIVitis to noma.
Abstract: Necrotizing gingivostomatitis (NG) is an increasingly rare but potentially serious infection that can present as a spectrum of clinical disease ranging from necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis to noma. The diagnostic triad for NG is pain, interdental ulceration, and gingival bleeding, but many cases also display fetid breath and pseudomembrane formation. Etiology is believed to be an opportunistic bacterial infection occurring in individuals debilitated by malnutrition, human immunodeficiency virus infection, or other systemic factors, including inadequate sleep, unusual stress, recent illness, alcohol use, and smoking. Treatment for NG includes bacterial control by strict oral hygiene, antiseptic rinses, antibiotic use in selected cases, and correction of predisposing factors. In compliant patients, gingivectomy or gingival grafting may be indicated after initial healing to resolve any residual defects.
14 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Noma is a gangrenous stomatitis affecting children from developing countries and it may leave dreadful mutilations around the mouth, leading to esthetic disabling sequels and permanent trismus as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Noma is a gangrenous stomatitis affecting children from developing countries. It may leave dreadful mutilations around the mouth, leading to esthetic disabling sequels and permanent trismus. Iconography of the acute stage and of sequels is presented in this paper, and pathogenesis of the disease is discussed.
5 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Noma (Cancrum Oris/Ulcerogingivostomstitis) is a rare devastating grangrenous orofacial disease that primarily affects malnourished children from underdeveloped countries.
Abstract: Noma (Cancrum Oris/Ulcerogingivostomstitis) is a rare devastating grangrenous orofacial disease. It may lead to severe facial mutilation and deformities with dysfunctional effects. This disease primarily affects malnourished children from underdeveloped countries. It has recently been associated with AIDS in North America and Western Europe. We will be reporting and discussing the pathogenesis, bacteriological complications and treatments according to the literature.
2 citations