Showing papers on "Normalization (sociology) published in 1982"

Mental Retardation and Society: The Ethics and Politics of Normalization

Abstract: During the sixties, social critics visited institutions for the retarded and were shocked by the conditions they found (Blatt and Kaplan 1966; Rivera 1972). Scholarly research supported the conclusions of lay observers (see the studies cited in Balla, Butterfield, and Zigler [1974] and Biklen [1979]). Consensus was easy: people saw conditions that everyone believed were bad, and all agreed that policies should change. Only a small percentage of the retarded were in institutions or helped by specialized public programs, and many had been excluded from school. Care was inadequate both because it was of low quality and because many of the retarded received no services. Social critics were allied not only with scholarly experts but with many who had a deep personal interest in programs for the retarded. Both parents and professionals who cared for the retarded sought changes in treatment and educational methods and increases in public funding.' The key slogans were deinstitutionalization, normalization, mainstreaming, and a developmental model of care.2

Normalization of a deviant subculture: implications of the movement to re-socialize mildly retarded people

Abstract: Hausmann, C. Stewart 1979 \"The Expanding Role of the Funeral Director As a Counselor: A Practical Approach,\" Mortuary Management 66 (June):48-49. Mitford, Jessica . 1963 The American Way of Death. New York: Simon and Schuster. Oppenheim, A.N. 1966 Questionnaire Design and Attitude Measurement. New York: Basic Book. Pine, Vanderlyn 1975 Caretakers of the Dead: The American Funeral Director. New York: Irvington Publishers, Inc. Porter, Hale 1979 \"Role Conflict,\" Mortuary Management 66 (October) :13-14. Raether, Howard and Robert Slater 1977 The Funeral Director and His Role as Counselor. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prientice-Hall, Inc. Sudnow, David 1967 Passing On: The Social Organization of Dying. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Turner, R.E. and Edgley, C. 1976 \"Death as Theater: A Dramaturgical Analysis of the American Funeral,\" Social and Sociological Research 10 Uuly):377-392. Vernon, Glenn M. 1970 Sociology of Death: An Analysis of Death-Related Behavior. New York: The Ronald Press Company. Wolfelt, Alan D. I

Zoning for Community Homes

Abstract: Important progress has been achieved in recent years toward providing humane habilitative programming for developmentally disabled persons This goal requires that these individuals not be warehoused in large, traditional institutions but rather be afforded the opportunity to live in community-based residential settings This approach is called “normalization” — the principle of providing the “patterns of life and conditions of everyday living which are as close as possible to the regular circumstances and ways of life of society”1 According to the principle, disabled persons, if unable to live with their families, should reside in homes of normal size, located in normal neighborhoods that provide opportunities for normal societal integration and interaction2 Such community living permits developmentally disabled persons to reach their human potential and to become contributing, productive members of society