Showing papers on "Peduncle (anatomy) published in 1972"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the physiological responses to environmental stresses of the intertidal cirriped Pollicipes polymerus and found that the body temperature of air-exposed animals is always lower than expected from the heat load.
Abstract: 1. Physiological responses to environmental stresses of the intertidal cirriped Pollicipes polymerus have been studied by combined field and laboratory experiments. 2. The body temperature of air-exposed animals is always lower than expected from the heat load. Evaporation from the peduncle is responsible for the heat loss. 3. The rate of water loss by evaporation from the peduncle cuticle is 1.5 µl/cm 2 h mmHg both at 21 and 27 °C. The transpiration is proportional to the saturation deficit of the air. The water loss from the capitulum is negligible in comparison to that from the peduncle. 4. The haemolymph osmolality of animals in the field increases during exposure to sunshine and decreases during exposure to rain. The increase in haemolymph osmolality during desiccation is equal to that calculated from the decrease in body water. The water loss during air exposure is adequately replaced during submersion, probably by osmosis. 5. Pollicipes is an osmoconformer but is 5-20 m-osmoles hyperosmotic. It tolerates sea-water dilutions down to about 50%. The hyperosmolality seems to be balanced by a high internal hydrostatic pressure. 6. An excretory activity is observed. The excretion is isosmotic to the haemolymph and is possibly an ultrafiltrate of the latter. 7. The muscle cells show volume regulation, but free amino acids seem to be unimportant in regulation of intracellular osmolality. The concentration of ninhydrinpositive substances in the muscle tissue is about 200 mM for animals in full strength sea water.
51 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the fungus also invades and infects young ovulate cones of Pinus muricata and P. contorta and grows down the cone peduncle and causes stem galls.
Abstract: Infection of Pinus species by Peridermium harknessii characteristically occurs by invasion of young shoots. This paper presents evidence that the fungus also invades and infects young ovulate cones of Pinus muricata and P. contorta. The fungus subsequently grows down the cone peduncle and causes stem galls.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was observed that female cocoons were significantly heavier than males irrespective of variety and colour, but shell weight was positively associatcd with colour of cocoons and also sex.
Abstract: Tassar seed cocoons were collected from important regions of Orissa towards the latter part of August. Cocoons were separated according to their peduncle characters, colour and sex. Important cocoon characters were determined quantitatively in different groups and analysed statistically. Correlation coefficient values for different characters were calculated. It was observed that female cocoons were significantly heavier than males irrespective of variety and colour, but shell weight was positively associatcd with colour of cocoons and also sex. The Black and Yellow-coloured cocoons had the highest shell weight and Cream the lowest. 'Nadia' variety had longer peduncle than 'Bogai'; colour of cocoons had significant bearing on peduncle length irrespective of variety. Cream-coloured cocoons had the longest peduncle with narrow loop and Yellow the shortest with widest loop. Thus higher shell weight was founa in Yellow or Black-coloured cocoons with shorter peduncle and wider loop.
1 citations
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: In the central part of Japan, “Syurin” (frequent rains in autumn) is an inevitable environmental factors in the season of rice cultivation, resulting in many unripe and poorly ripened grains.
Abstract: In the central part of Japan, “Syurin” (frequent rains in autumn) is an inevitable environmental factors in the season of rice cultivation. Most rice varieties have to pass through this unfavourable period during the important growth stages of heading, flowering and ripening. The lack of sunlight during the ripening period decreases the yield a great deal, producing many unripe and poorly ripened grains.