Showing papers on "Rainwater harvesting published in 1983"
TL;DR: In this article, water harvesting techniques are used to increase surface runoff by preventing or slowing infiltration of rain in western rangelands, where annual precipitation exceeds about 450 mm (18 inches).
Abstract: Increasing water for onsite and offsite uses can be a viable objective for management of certain western rangelands. One approach utilizes water harvesting techniques to increase surface runoff by preventing or slowing infiltration of rain. An attractive alternative, where applicable, is to replace vegetation that uses much water with plants that use less so that more water percolates through the soil to streams and ground water. Most sites are too dry to increase water yield in this way; probably less than 1 percent of the western rangelands can be managed for this purpose. However, where annual precipitation exceeds about 450 mm (18 inches) and deep-rooted shrubs can be replaced by shallow-rooted grasses, there is potential to increase streamflows and to improve forage for livestock. Little or no increase can be expected by eradication of low-density brush and pinyon-juniper woodlands. Potentials for improving water yield are reviewed and summarized by vegetation types.
129 citations
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical composition of rainwater and suspended particles collected in parallel at a rural site in North-West England has been investigated and it was concluded that the major contribution to rainwater acidity at this site is due to sulphuric acid incorporated at cloud level.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the economic return per unit of water is the major factor to be considered, which usually implies the maximum possible ratio of grain or other harvested plant part to total dry matter.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, rain and floodwater were sampled by self-sealing samplers scattered over the area of two drainage basins in the Negev Desert of Israel.
29 citations
01 Jan 1983
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the economic return per unit of water is the major factor to be considered, which usually implies the maximum possible ratio of grain or other harvested plant part to total dry matter.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a costbenefit analysis of the microcatchment water harvesting (MCWH) technique has shown that in highly dry zones (i.e., annual precipitation of less than 150 mm), the predicted income is negative.
Abstract: A cost-benefit analysis of the microcatchment water harvesting (MCWH) technique has shown that in highly dry zones (i.e., annual precipitation of less than 150 mm), the predicted income is negative. The introduction of modified technology improved water harvesting and thus increased the predicted net income. These modifications are associated with additional expenses, leaving the additional benefit questionable. A cost-benefit analysis of MCWH with inserts (perforated vertical drainage pipes) to improve water use efficiency has led to a conclusion that net income is higher than that of MCWH without inserts. However, in a highly dry zone the net income is still negative (although only slightly), while in dry zones (i.e., annual precipitation of 250 mm) it becomes positive.
16 citations
TL;DR: Analyse de la composition elementaire de ces eaux par spectrometrie d'absorption atomique as discussed by the authors, le seul element dangereux trouve fut l'arsenic
Abstract: Analyse de la composition elementaire de ces eaux par spectrometrie d'absorption atomique. Le seul element dangereux trouve fut l'arsenic
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the structural and functional properties of the main types of Amazonian ecosystems: the rivers and the forests, and the specific function of the extremely high species diversity is in reduction or minimization of nutrient losses which would be caused by metabolism or decay of animals and plants.
01 Jan 1983
Patent•
22 Sep 1983
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a flushing-dump arrangement for cleaning the bottom of sewage basins, rainwater basins or the like, which has at least two tanks which are tiltable by filling with water and are connected to one another so as to be fixed in terms of rotation.
Abstract: Flushing-dump arrangement for cleaning the bottom of sewage basins, rainwater basins or the like, which has at least two tanks which are tiltable by filling with water and are connected to one another so as to be fixed in terms of rotation. To avoid water losses on filling the tanks and therefore in order that each tank empties its intended quantity of water on tilting, they are connected so as to communicate with one another through at least one water conduit.
01 Jan 1983