Showing papers on "Reciprocal determinism published in 2020"

Women's experience of social media breastfeeding support and its impact on extended breastfeeding success: A social cognitive perspective.

Abstract: Objective This paper investigates the experiences of women using a social media Facebook group for breastfeeding support and attempts to explore whether it has aided in extended breastfeeding success. In addition, it aims to explore the value of social cognitive theory (SCT) in explaining these experiences. Design Exploratory, deductive approach. Methods Qualitative, audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews were conducted from eight women who were members of a private Facebook group'. Data were analysed using theoretical thematic analysis, and SCT was used as a theoretical lens through which the data were interrogated. Results A number of themes were identified from the women's experiences, with analysis uncovering the superordinate theme 'increased self-efficacy' which provided an understanding of how the group impacted women's experiences and aided them in breastfeeding success. The sub-themes of education, accessibility, online community, normalization, and extended goals provided a more detailed understanding of how self-efficacy was increased through group membership. Conclusion The symbiotic relationship between members of a social media group facilitates greater breastfeeding success and a longer duration of breastfeeding through the central concept of the SCT: reciprocal determinism. Therefore, it is posited that the SCT is a suitable theory of behaviour change which can potentially be used to develop interventions aiming to increase breastfeeding rates and duration.

Adolescent Social Norms and Alcohol Use: Separating Between- and Within-Person Associations to Test Reciprocal Determinism.

Abstract: Despite perceived drinking norms being robust predictors of adolescent alcohol use, few studies have assessed the development of perceived norms across adolescence and processes accounting for the strong associations between perceived norms and drinking. Using reciprocal determinism as a theoretical basis for understanding the development of adolescent drinking norms, this study examined reciprocal associations across nine waves of data spanning early to late adolescence. Bivariate latent curve models with structured residuals demonstrated consistent within-person reciprocal associations between descriptive and injunctive norms and alcohol use after accounting for growth in norms and alcohol use. Results suggest the need for developmentally informed intervention efforts targeting perceived drinking norms during early and middle adolescence.

Behavior Changes in Paulo Coelho Veronika Decides to Die: A Psychological Approach

Abstract: This research entitled “Behavior Changes in Paulo Coelho’s Veronika Decides to Die : A Psychological Approach”. The purpose of this study is to analyze the personality of the main character presented in the novel. In addition, the aim of this research is to reveal the main character’s environments contribute to the character’s motivation to life. This novel conducted the struggle from Veronika as the main character for finding her motivation to life. This study used qualitative research; descriptive qualitative methods are used to analyze data. This study used three main concepts of social cognitive theory by Albert Bandura (1986), there are reciprocal determinism, therapy, and dysfunction behavior/depression . This study also applied the theory of social cognitive theory in the book entitled The Theory of Personality by Jess Feist as a tool to analyze the personality of the main character also the main character’s environments contribute to the character’s motivation to life in the novel Veronika Decides to Die by Paulo Coelho. In this study, the researcher found two main results. First, this study indicated personality of Veronika as the main character in the novel Veronika Decides to Die based on the social cognitive theory concept that is dysfunction behavior. Based on concept of dysfunction behavior, it shows that Veronika is an introvert person, fainthearted, and suffering from depression. Second, this study discovered the main character’s environments contribute to the character’s motivation to life based on the social cognitive concepts, they are reciprocal determinism and therapy. Based on that theoretical concept, it shows that Veronika’s environment really helps her to find her motivation to life. They are Mari, Zedka, and Edward. Keyword: Motivation to life, Dysfunction Behavior, Reciprocal Determinism and Therapy

The Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Diabetes Health Education Practice for Hispanic American women

Abstract: Hispanic American women face high risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Cultural influences, language barriers, and lifestyle habits are major influences on health outcomes for this demographic. The peer education model has been proven to decrease health disparities for Hispanic communities overall, and increase effectiveness of health programs. As prevention education becomes more mainstream however, it is important to develop programs grounded in theory. The Social Cognitive Theory offers a theoretical framework for diabetes peer education programs geared to Hispanic American women, with its core constructs of personal cognitive, socioenvironmental, and behavior factors interacting in a way known as reciprocal determinism.

Determinism: Reciprocal and Asymmetrical Modes

Abstract: In this chapter Johns critiques earlier theories of determinism showing that they are usually loyal to some metaphysical or humanist tendency or simply created in contra-distinction to vague notions of free will or freedom. Johns then lays out what he sees as more successful versions of determinism such as a reciprocal determinism he equates with Nietzsche. Johns sees his theory of tautology (the creation of concepts attached to objects which then reflect their dominant use) as another form of reciprocal determinism. However, Johns believes that concepts, judgements and intentions can never be fully understood (i.e. reducible) hence he aligns himself to the notion of an asymmetrical determinism which he equates with semiotic and linguistic conditioning (to desire without knowing why or what we desire, to use a language without knowing why or how language works, etc.).