Showing papers on "Reference Daily Intake published in 1978"

Validity of 24-hour dietary recalls by adolescent females.

Abstract: The validity of 24-hour dietary recalls was tested by comparing the recalled intake of adolescent girls to their actual intake during a metabolic study. Diet recalls were a valid bases of estimating the dietary intake of energy, protein, calcium, and zinc by this group of adolescents. However, the majority of the subjects were unable to recall their food intake with enough accuracy so that their intake of vitamins A and C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron could be calculated within the range of two-thirds to four-thirds of their actual intake.

Title VII--Nutrition Program for the Elderly. I. Contribution to one day's dietary intake.

Abstract: Food records kept by 466 individuals participating in the federally funded Nutrition Program for the Elderly show that those eating at the meal site on the day of the food record consumed more energy, protein, and calcium than non-participants and participants who did not eat there on the day of the record. Dietary ratings, which included eight nutrients and energy, indicated they also had better overall diets than non-participants. Non-participants consumed more iron than participants. The daily intake of all nutrients, except calcium, of those eating at the meal site reflected what was offered. Between 40 and 50 per cent of the total daily intake was consumed at the meal center. Women consumed a significantly greater proportion of their daily intake of most nutrients from the food provided by program than the men. The desirability of providing a high proportion of the recommended allowances for protein and other nutrients through the meal program menus is emphasized. The results of the study demonstrated the importance of nutritionists in administrative roles at the state and area levels in determining the effectiveness of a meal program, since food intake reflected menu planning.

An Appraisal of the Daily Intakes of Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid and Biotin from a Composite Canadian Diet

Abstract: The levels of vitamin B 12 , pantothenic acid and biotin in a composite Canadian diet were investigated to provide information on the average daily intake. The composite diet was formulated on the basis of the apparent per capita consumption of foods in Canada. The vitamin contents were determined by analysis and by calculation using published mean values for fresh foods. The contribution by the different food groups and individual foods was assessed. The results of the analysis indicated that the prepared diet provided 14.8 μg of vitamin B 12 , 6.07 mg of pantothenic acid and 60.0 μg of biotin per day. Similar values were obtained by calculation. These intakes are compatible with the recommended daily allowance for adolescents and normal adults.

I. Nutrient intake from food and from supplements: Dietary status of lactating women

Abstract: With breast-feeding reportedly on the increase, it is important to know the dietary intakes of women to support this practice.

Pregnancy and lactation: some nutritional aspects.

Abstract: A number of studies undertaken by the National Institute of Nutrition in Hyderabad India have focused on nutritional aspects in pregnancy and lactation. The diet of most of the women in a study of 1700 pregnant women primarily from low income urban families was deficient in calories proteins and vitamins and more than half of the women were anemic. The mean birth weight of infants subsequently born to the group was 2.70 kg. Preliminary analysis indicated that both nutritional and obstetric factors were important determinants in low birth weights. Other data collected by the Institute revealed that during the last decade the gap in nutritional status and antenatal care between low and hgih income groups in southern India had not decreased. In attempting to determine functional criteria for defining low birth weight for the population of India it was found that infants weighing 2.0 kg were at high risk of immune incompetency and that immune incompetency is to some extent impaired for those weighing 2.25 kg. In a study of placenta from 25 normal and 25 low birth weight infants lower nitrogen concentrations and low placental weight were associated with low birth weight infants. Studies were undertaken to determine whether low birth weights could be prevented more effectively by providing dietary supplementation during the last trimester or by providing prenatal care without dietary supplements. Both approaches resulted in higher birth weights; therefore the prenatal approach is to be preferred since it is easier to provide this service than to provide diet supplements. A study done to determine the value of serum copper and zinc levels as a predictive test of obstetric abnormalities indicated that the diagnostic value was minimal. In a lactation study the copper and zinc intake for fully breast-fed infants was less than the recommended daily intake. Findings in another study lead to the recommendation that colostrum should be fed to infants since the immunoglobulims found in colostrum can be absorbed intact by the infant. In a study fo 1079 women the mean duration of postpartum amenorrhea was 4.6 months for women not lactating and 11.1 months for lactating women while the mean birth intervals were 16.8 and 23.9 months respectively. During lactation amenorrhea 7.5% of the women became pregnant and after resumption of menstruation 35.7% of the women conceived despite continuing lactation.