Showing papers on "Rotary kiln published in 1971"
Patent•
05 Apr 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the gasification of a CAKING COAL in a FIXED BED is affected by FEEDING a SUITABLE MIXTURE of COARSE CAKING COAL and NON-CAKING PELLETS of SUBSTANTIALLY the same SAME SIZE made by PELLETIZING FINES, PREVIOUSLY SEPARATED from the CAKERS, in a HOT PELETIZing ROTARY KILN, whereby Substantantly IMPROVED FEEDSTOCK is PROVID
Abstract: THE GASIFICATION OF A CAKING COAL IN A FIXED BED IS EFFECTED BY FEEDING A SUITABLE MIXTURE OF COARSE CAKING COAL AND NON-CAKING PELLETS OF SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME SIZE MADE BY PELLETIZING FINES, PREVIOUSLY SEPARATED FROM THE CAKING COAL, IN A HOT PELETIZING ROTARY KILN, WHEREBY SUBSTANTALLY IMPROVED FEEDSTOCK IS PROVIDED FOR THE FIXED BED GASIFIER.
23 citations
Patent•
09 Jun 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, it is recommended to discharge the particles of the DESULFURIZING AGENT at a TEMPERATURE ABOVE about 1950*F.
Abstract: AGGLOMERATES OF COAL AND/OR COAL DERIVAITIVES ARE SIMULTANIOUSLY CALCINED AND DESULFURIZED BY EXPOSURE TO HEATED PARTICLES OF A DESULFURIZING AGENT IN A ROTARY KILN. THE AGGLOMERATES AND HEATED PARTICLES OF THE DESULFURIZING AGENT FLOW COUNTERCURRENTLY THROUGH THE KILN. THE AGGLOMERATES ARE CHARGED INTO THE KILN WITHIN A TEMPERTURE RANGE OF BETWEEN ABOUT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE TO ABOUT 850*F. THE AGGLOMERATES ARE DISCHARGED AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE ABOUT 1400*F. IT IS PREFERRED TO DISCHARGE THE AGGLOMERATES AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE ABOUT 1950*F. THE AGGLOMERATES ARE HEATED BY HEAT EXCHANGE WITH THE PARTICLES OF THE DESULFURIZING AGENT WHICH ARE CHARGED INTO THE KILN AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE ABOUT 1400*F. IT IS PREFERRED TO CHARGE THE PARTICLES OF THE DESULFURZING AGENT AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE ABOUT 1950*F. THE PARTILES OF THE DESULFURZING AGENT CAN BE AT ABOUT 600*F. AND PREFERABLY ABOUT 1100*F. WHEN DISCHARGED, DEPENDENT UPON THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AGGLOMERATES WHEN CHARGED. THE AGGLOMERATES SO PRODUCED HAVE A RELATIVELY MEDIUM OR LOW REACTIVITY TO CARBON DIOXIDE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES, GOOD RESISTANCE TO ABRASION AND SUFFICIENT STRENGTH TO RESIST DEGRADATION WHEN TRANSPORTED AND CHARGED INTO A FURNACE.
17 citations
Patent•
13 Apr 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a phosphate fertilizer is prepared from a mixture of phosphate rock, silica, and an alkali metal hydroxide solution, which is then calcined in a rotary kiln, and the hot waste gases of the kiln are used for the preceding concentrating and carbonating step.
Abstract: A phosphate fertilizer is prepared from a mixture of phosphate rock, silica, and an alkali metal hydroxide solution. The alkali metal hydroxide solution is concentrated and at least partially carbonated by carbon dioxide containing gases, before it is incorporated in the mixture. The granulated mixture is then calcined in a rotary kiln, and the hot waste gases of the kiln are used for the preceding concentrating and carbonating step.
9 citations
Patent•
29 Oct 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report that at least 10% of the SULFUR CONTENT of the reacting Sulfides, and Pthis paperERABLY at least 50% of them, are recovered in the form of an ELEMENTAL SulFUR.
Abstract: MATERIAL SUCH AS ORES, CONCENTRATES, AND THE LIKE CONTAINING SULFIDES OF COPPER, IRON, ZINC, LEAD MOLYBDENUM, ETC., WITH OR WITHOUT PRECIOUS METALS, ARE TREATED WITH STRONG SULFURIC ACID, THE CONCENTRATION BEING MAINTAINED BETWEEN 80% AND 100%. THE AMOUNT OF SULFURIC ACID IS LESS THAN 3.8 MOLES PER MOLAR EQUIVALENT IN THE SULFIDES WHICH REACT AND PREFERABLY IS 3 MOLES OR LESS. THE TEMPERATURE IS MAINTAINED BETWEEN 160* AND 250*C. AND THE PARTICLE SIZE OF THE SULFIDE AND GANGUE MATERIAL IS PREFERABLY NOT IN EXCESS OF 8 MESH. THE REACTION IS EFFECTED IN PASTE OR SEMI-SOLID FORM IN APPARATUS SUCH AS A ROTARY KILN, AND PREFERABLY THE CONCENTRATION OF SULFURIC ACID IS MAINTAINED BY EVAPORATION OF WATER FORMED. UNDER THESE CONDITIONS AT LEAST 10% OF THE SULFUR CONTENT OF THE REACTING SULFIDES, AND PREFERABLY AT LEAST 50%, IS RECOVERED IN THE FORM OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR. TO IMPROVE DISTRIBUTION OF HEAT AND REACTANT, LARGER PARTICLES, SUCH AS INERT PEBBLES OF AT LEAST 1/4", ARE USED, WHICH LARGER PARTICLES BECOME COATED WITH THE REACTANTS AND ARE EFFECTIVELY TUMBLED IN THE KILN WHILE REACTION OCCURS IN THE COATING. THE REACTION MAY BE CARRIED OUT IN STAGES, WITH THE EARLIER STAGES MAXIMIZING SULFUR PRODUCTION AND LATER STAGES UNDER MORE DRASTIC CONDITIONS AFTER INTERSTAGE REMOVAL OF ELEMETAL SULFUR.
9 citations
Patent•
18 Aug 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a rotary kiln product is cooled by atmospheric air caused to flow countercurrently to the clinker through cooling tubes rotating with and provided in a planetary fashion around the outlet end of the kiln.
Abstract: Method and apparatus for cooling a rotary kiln product, for example cement clinker, by means of atmospheric air caused to flow countercurrently to the clinker through cooling tubes rotating with and provided in planetary fashion around the outlet end of the rotary kiln in which the clinker is manufactured, and connected with the kiln through substantially radial chutes through which the clinker passes into the tubes, additional outside air being introduced directly into the cooler tubes.
5 citations
Patent•
30 Dec 1971
TL;DR: An incinerator comprising a horizontally extending rotary kiln having a cooling water jacket between its inner and outer walls is described in this paper, where a plurality of raised circular rims on its circumference each resting on a pair of rollers for further support.
Abstract: An incinerator comprising a horizontally extending rotary kiln having a cooling water jacket between its inner and outer walls. An inner drum extends axially through the rotary kiln to define an annular combustion chamber therein, the inner drum including a water conduit in communication with the cooling water jacket and a plurality of air channels to supply air into the combustion chamber. On the circumference of the rotary kiln there are mounted a plurality of gear wheels respectively in mesh with pinions coupled to a motor for rotating the kiln. The kiln has a plurality of raised circular rims on its circumference each resting on a pair of rollers for further support.
5 citations
Patent•
15 Sep 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a granular basic slag forming agent for use in steel manufacturing is manufactured by the method comprising the steps of admixing 50 to 90 percent, by weight, of limestone, 10 to 50 percent of ferric oxide, and 1 to 10 percent of a member selected from the group consisting of carbonates and fluorides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and complex compounds thereof.
Abstract: A granular basic slag forming agent for use in steel manufacturing is manufactured by the method comprising the steps of admixing 50 to 90 percent, by weight, of limestone, 10 to 50 percent, by weight, of ferric oxide, and 1 to 10 percent, by weight, of a member selected from the group consisting of carbonates and fluorides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and complex compounds thereof, pulverizing the resulting mixture, pelletizing the resulting powder to produce pellets of a predetermined grain size, and calcining the pellets in a rotary kiln to form calcined pellets each consisting of a core of burned lime covered by a coating of 2CaO.Fe2O3.
4 citations
Patent•
02 Feb 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the COOLING MEANS for the outlet of a ROTary Kiln are discussed. But they do not describe the interior of the kiln itself.
Abstract: COOLING MEANS FOR THE OUTLET OF A ROTARY KILN ARE DISCLOSED. THE COOLING MEANS COMPRISES A PLURALITY OF CLOSED BOILER TUBES CONTAINING A VAPORIZABLE LIQUID AND ITS VAPOR. THE TUBES ENCIRCLE THE OUTLET END OF THIS KILN AND EXTEND IN THE DIRECTION OF THE KILN''S AXIS OF ROTATION AND ARE GENERALLY PARALLEL WITH ONE ANOTHER. THE END PORTIONS OF THE TUBES NEAREST THE KILN OUTLET ARE CONNECTED IN A THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE MANNER WITH THE CYLINDRICAL SHELL OF THE KILN. THE REMAINDER OF THE TUBES ARE IN THE AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE IN WHICH THE KILN IS OPERATED. THE MEANS PREFERABLY INCLUDES AN ANNULAR PORTION WHICH EXTENDS RADIALLY INWARD FROM THE ENDS OF THE TUBES AND ADJACENT TO THE END FACE OF THE KILN OUTLET TO PROTECT THE FACE FROM HEAT RADIATING FROM THE KILN. THE ANNULAR MEMBER IS PREFERABLY SEGMENTED AND IS MADE OF A THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL.
4 citations
Patent•
28 Sep 1971TL;DR: In this article, a rotary kiln is represented by a toothed rim driven by a pinion mounted in a housing articulated on a fulcrum and bearing on two cylindrical tracks coaxial with the rim by way of at least one pair of rollers.
Abstract: A device for driving a rotary element, more particularly a rotary kiln, capable of deformation and displacement along its axis and comprising a toothed rim driven by a pinion mounted in a housing articulated on a fulcrum and bearing on two cylindrical tracks coaxial with the rim by way of at least one pair of rollers, characterized in that the housing is connected to a fixed block by a member capable of producing displacement of the fulcrum in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the kiln, freely following displacements of the kiln.
3 citations
Patent•
14 Jul 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for manufacturing a kalali roommate in a rotary kiln by roasting the kalili mixture is described. But this method is not suitable for outdoor environments.
Abstract: A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ALKALI CHROMATE IN A ROTARY KILN BY ROASTING THE MATERIAL WHICH INCLUDES CHROME ORE, CAUSTIC ALKALI, ALKALI CARBONATE AND SLAKED LIME, ETC. IN A PROCESS FOR ROASTING THE SAID MATERIAL WHEREIN THE SAID MATERIAL IS PASSED THROUGH A HORIZONTALLY INCLINED ROTARY KILN FROM ITS RAISED END, WHILE PASSING INTO THE LOW END THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISES BLOWING AN OXYGEN CONTAINING GAS AGAINST THE SAID MATERIAL IN THE DIRECTION OPPOSITE TO THE FLOW OF THE SAID MATERIAL IN THE OXIDIZING ZONE OF THE KILN SO AS TO SCATTER A PART OF THE SAID MATERIAL COMING DOWN THERETO, RESULTING IN THE PROMOTION OF THE OXIDIZING ROASTING, ETC.
3 citations
Patent•
29 Jul 1971TL;DR: In this article, the degree of preparation of raw material for cement to be fed to a rotary kiln from a preheating zone comprising a series of ducts and separation chambers was discussed.
Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling the degree of preparation of raw material for cement to be fed to a rotary kiln from a preheating zone comprising a series of ducts and separation chambers wherein, when the raw material has reached a temperature intermediate the decomposition temperatures of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, the raw material is subjected to a rapid temperature drop capable of delaying calcium carbonate decomposition until the raw material has entered the rotary kiln.
Patent•
17 Dec 1971
TL;DR: The hot exhaust gases discharged from a rotary kiln in which iron oxides are reduced in concurrent flow with the gases, are to dry and then preheat the cooled reduced reduced IR oxides for further processing, and for other process steps as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The hot exhaust gases discharged from a rotary kiln in which iron oxides are reduced in concurrent flow with the gases, are to dry and then preheat the cooled reduced iron oxides for further processing, and for other process steps.
Patent•
13 Apr 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a rotary kiln is used to produce a sponge iron product, which is then ground, magnetically separated and pelletized with only hydrated lime and water, and thereafter hardened by heating.
Abstract: Iron ore fines are produced in a rotary kiln in the presence of solid carbon to produce a sponge iron product. The sponge iron product is ground, magnetically separated and pelletized with only hydrated lime and water, and thereafter hardened by heating. The resultant pellets have increased compressive strength to withstand the pressure of the furnace burden and are durable at high temperatures.