Showing papers on "Surgical wound published in 1970"

Studies in the management of the contaminated wound. IV. Resistance to infection of surgical wounds made by knife, electrosurgery, and laser.

Abstract: The purpose of this study has been to compare the susceptibility to infection of wounds made by the stainless steel knife, an electrosurgical cutting electrode, and a continuous wave CO 2 laser. The resistance to infection of wounds made by the stainless steel knife was greater than the resistance to infection of wounds made by either the laser or the high frequency electrical current. The inflammatory responses of wounds made by the stainless steel knife to bacterial contamination were significantly less than the inflammatory responses of wounds produced by the laser or electrosurgical unit. This increased susceptibility to infection of wounds made by the “radioknife” or “lightknife” was correlated with histologic evidence of delayed healing and coagulation necrosis of tissue.

Retention bar means for surgical incision closure

Abstract: For use in retaining a surgical incision against inadvertent rupture or disruption, a pair of retention bar elements which provides reinforcing means for the retention thread loops of an incision closure and provides means for reducing flesh tearing and necrosis at the thread loop penetrations of the skin and body tissue. The pair of retention bar elements are adapted to be located parallel and on opposite sides of the line of incision of a surgical wound and preferably are formed of pliable tear resistant material, such as extruded polyvinyl plastic material. A preferred form is generally of a figure of eight configuration as seen in transverse section so that each retention bar element includes parallel dual tubular portions connected by a thin web portion. In use of the retention bar elements of the invention, retention thread loops pass through the web portions of the pair of bars, extend transversely over the incision, and encircle the confrontingly extending tubular inner portions respectively of the retention bar elements, the bar providing purchase so that the forces uniting the loops and holding the incision are oriented away from the flesh surface and do not tear it, but rather the tearing forces are transferred to the bars, and the pliability of the material yields so as to conform to the flesh surface and distribute the load of the retention loops as the contour of the flesh surface changes during the healing process as swelling occurs and then diminishes.

Group A β-Hemolytic Streptococcus Bacteremia in a Cancer Hospital

Abstract: Over an 8-year period, bacteremia due to group A β-hemolytic Streptoccoccus developed in 49 patients in a cancer hospital. The most common underlying diagnosis was a solid tumor. This contrasts with the predominance of lymphomas and leukemias noted in other infections at the same institution. Infection of surgical wounds or cellulitis was frequently the source of bacteremia. Underlying disease, depressed white blood cell count, hypogammaglobulinemia, and advanced age all had less prognostic influence than expected.

Surgical wound sepsis

Abstract: With the help of a surgical nurse and using data-processing techniques, a prospective clinical study was conducted to determine the wound infection rate in two hospitals in Calgary. The overall sepsis rate was 5.2% and the clean wound rate 3.5%. The latter is the more meaningful figure as it allows for comparison between hospitals, specialties and individuals and is a good guide for hospital morbidity reviews. The groundwork for succeeding wound infection is laid in the operating theatre, and it is believed that wound infection would be reduced more by attention to Halsted's principles than by more rigid aseptic techniques. It is estimated that wound sepsis costs the Province of Alberta 1.5 million dollars per year for hospitalization alone. This amounts to roughly $1 per person per year. The annual cost of a prospective study such as the present one is approximately $7000. This is equivalent to the cost of hospitalizing 24 patients with infected wounds for one week (at $300 per week). One dividend of a prospective study is an associated reduction in infection rate. This reduction more than pays for the cost of the program.

Topical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Contaminated Wounds: Experimental Evaluation

Abstract: Antibiotic therapy, which has so revolutionized the treatment of established bacterial infections, has not significantly altered the incidence of postoperative wound sepsis. In theory, the surgical wound should present an ideal situation for preventative antibiotic treatment, since bacterial contamination is frequently as a small inoculum and occurs at a known time. 1 Prophylactic antibiotics given systemically have often been ineffective 2-8 and additionally carry the hazards of allergic complications and harmful alterations of the patient's indigenous flora. On the other hand, antibiotics administered locally for prophylaxis have rather consistently been effective in both experimental 9-14 and clinical studies. 15-20 If the agents are properly chosen, the use of this method can be beneficial and yet obviate the hazards of systemic antibiotic therapy. In the present study, such a regimen has been subjected to rigorous testing using an experimental wound infection in guinea pigs as a model. Methods Albino guinea pigs

Management of Vitreous Loss After Cataract Extraction

Abstract: MAJOR complications developing after vitreous loss during cataract extraction are usually due to failure of the surgeon to keep calm and to take appropriate measures to remove all vitreous from the anterior chamber prior to closing the surgical wound. Maumenee1described a technique of aspiration of fluid vitreous through the pupil as a means of repositing formed vitreous that has entered the anterior chamber. For this purpose he used a 2 cc syringe connected to a blunt-tipped, open-ended 18-gauge needle marked 15 mm from the tip. Following aspiration, he recommended closure of the wound followed by air injection into the anterior chamber and sweeping the wound area with a cyclodialysis spatula. Recently, Kasner2reported a technique referred to as "radical anterior vitrectomy" in which he advocates use of scissors, forceps, and cellulose sponges to remove all vitreous from the anterior and posterior chamber prior to closure of the

Barrier nursing of an infant in a laminar cross-flow bench.

Abstract: In patients with severely diminished defence capacities against microbial invasion contamination with pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms from the environment is frequently followed by infection. Such a defective resistance is present in patients with immune deficiency diseases, in patients treated with cytostatic drugs or ionizing irradiation for hematologic—or other malignancies, in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs e. g. for Organtransplantation, and in patients with extensive skin lesions like large surgical wounds or burns. After contamination of these patients serious infections often can not be avoided in spite of advanced antiseptic and aseptic techniques, immunization and the use of antimicrobial drugs.

The Effect of Honey on Granulating Tissue of The Mandibular Bone

Abstract: Background : For many years, ancient civilizations used honey to heal wounds. Rediscovery of honey by modern physicians its use in conventional medicine. Few detailed descriptions of honey in healing difficult surgical wounds have been previously published. Methods : We report patient, male, 16 years old, who suffered acute lymphocytic leukemia and extensive mandibular eschar and had presented half of mandible bone exposed after escharectomy. Given the of closing the defect due to poor general condition of the patient, we advocated to applicate honey dressing on mandible bone to promote granulation tissue, to prevent infection and to promote epithelialization. Results : Due to honey’s effect are anti inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, promotes debridement, reduces malodor, maintains moist wound environment, and stimulates healing, in a month, all mandible exposed had been covered by granulation tissue, followed by skin grafting. Conclusion : In this case, honey had been proven effectively to stimulate granulation tissue growth on mandible bone both before and after surgery.

The effect of aging on damage induced hair growth in C57BL/6J female mice

Abstract: Previously it has been shown that wounds made on the backs of female C57BL/6J mice result in the stimulation of growth of resting hair follicles surrounding the wound. Since aging is known to affect regenerative processes, the question arises if aging affects the stimulation of hair growth in wound healing. Surgical wounds 5mm in length were made on the backs of female C57BL/6J mice between 367–544 days of age. Mice were examined daily for the stimulation of hair growth around the wound, as well as the amount of hair growth stimulation. Damage results in the stimulation of growth of the resting hair follicles surrounding the wound. Hair growth stimulation is first grossly evident 20 days after wounding. This is not significantly different from the time hair growth stimulation appears in young female mice. Aging results, however, in a significant decrease in the amount of hair growth stimulation surrounding the wounds in female mice.

Wound kinetics: water and electrolyte changes from zero to sixty days in clean wounds.

Abstract: Standardized surgical wounds were evaluated in rats measuring water, sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium shifts over a period of sixty days. The water phase of development of the third fluid space in the wound was very rapid, being completed in five hours in this model. Sodium transfer into the wound was initially rapid, but continued for up to ten days, and correlated best with potassium loss. Correlation with water shifts was much less than anticipated. Magnesium tended to parallel potassium, and both began to replete after ten days as sodium content fell. The rapid transfer of water and sodium initially into a muscle wound was followed by dissociation of water and sodium flux, with water returning to control levels substantially before electrolyte restitution. Clinical implications of these observations are discussed.

Prevention of Likely Wound Infections: Prophylactic Closed Antibiotic-Detergent Irrigation

Abstract: Wound infections continue to plague the surgeon, despite the development of antibiotics and improved aseptic technique. The development of infection in clean surgical wounds depends upon many factors, not the least being the presence of pathogenic bacteria. Probably wound infection is the result of the interaction of many local environmental factors such as the blood supply, modified by the trauma of surgery, the general condition of the patient, the contamination of the ambient air, the suture material used, and surgical skill. Since the basis of all wound infection is bacteria, infection could theoretically be eliminated if the organisms could be totally eradicated. Systemic prophylactic antibiotics have fallen into disrepute and are used by most surgeons only in selected circumstances. In presenting this paper, the literature has been reviewed and a case is presented in order to emphasize the efficacy of topical antibiotic detergent irrigation in the prevention of wound infection