Showing papers on "Swertia published in 1999"
TL;DR: The methanol extract of Swertia chirata was evaluated for antihepatotoxic activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in experimental rats and was found to be active and on fractionation into butanol soluble and chloroform soluble fractions, the activity was traced and found more profound in the chloro Form soluble fraction.
Abstract: The methanol extract of Swertia chirata was evaluated for antihepatotoxic activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in experimental rats. The extract was found to be active and on fractionation into butanol soluble and chloroform soluble fractions, the activity was traced and found more profound in the chloroform soluble fraction. The butanol soluble bitter rich fraction showed marginal activity. The results based on biochemical estimations have been expressed statistically and are additionally supported by histopathological examination of the liver of experimental rats and pentobarbitone induced sleep time studies in mice.
98 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The embryological results imply that the taxonomic status of S. tetraptera needs to be revaluated and the genus Swertia s.l. may not be a monophyletic group.
Abstract: The embryology of Swertia tetraptera is reported for the first time. The anther is tetrasporangiate and its wall, of which the development conforms to the dicotyledonous type, is composed of epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum at the mature stage. The tapetum has dual origin and is similar to the glandular type. Cytokinesis is of the simultaneous type and microspore tetrads are mostly tetrahedral. Pollen grains are mostly 3 celled when shed. The ovary is bicarpellate and unilocular with four series of ovules. The fused margins of two carpels intensively protrude into the locule. The ovule is unitegmic, tenuinucellate and orthotropous. The development of embryo sac is of the Polygonum type. The development of endosperm conforms to the nuclear type and the embryogeny corresponds with the Physalis Ⅰ variation of Solanad type. Three antipodal cells persist at the mature embryo sac. The embryo is at the globular stage when seeds are released from the capsule. Compared with the other studied species in Swertia, S. tetraptera shows differences from them in three distinctive embryological traits: enlargement and protrusion of the fused margins of two carpels into the ovary locule; orthotropous ovules and a developed hypostase. These three characters were previously only found in the genus Halenia of the tribe Gentianinae in the Gentianaceae,and thus suggest that S. tetraptera should be related to Halenia. The results partly correspond with the molecular evidence (Yuan Kupfer, 1995). The monophyletic Halenia clade in Yuan Kupfer's molecular cladogram includes Halenia, S. tetraptera and Frasera (section Frasera in Swertia s.l.); nevertheless, up to now, no embryological study on Frasera has been reported. The embryological results imply that the taxonomic status of S. tetraptera needs to be revaluated and the genus Swertia s.l. may not be a monophyletic group.
5 citations
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of all species of Swertia are reported for the first time.
Abstract: he present paper reports the karyomorphological data of 5 species of Swertia .The karyotype formulae are as follows: S.teraptera 2n=14=4m+8sm+2st=2L+6M 2+4M 1+2S; S.wolfangiana 2n=28=12m+14sm+2st=6L+8M 2+8M 1+6S; S.bifolia 2n=28=14m+4sm+10st=2L+14M 2+10M 1+2S; S.franchetiana 2n=20=6m+12sm+2st=8M 2+12M 1; S.hickinii 2n=20=8m+4sm+8st=8M 2+12M 1.The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of all species are reported for the first time.
3 citations