Showing papers on "Three-CCD camera published in 1988"

Method and apparatus for processing camera an image produced by a video camera to correct for undesired motion of the video camera

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a raw video camera signal to identify undesired multidimensional video image motion caused by rotational or translational camera motion in two or three dimensions, and to generate a corrected video camera signal in which such undesired video image motion is reduced. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a video camera having an oversized image pickup device, four accelerometers mounted in the video camera, and means for processing the accelerometer output signals and the raw video camera output signal to generate a corrected video camera signal. The processing means preferably employs selective clocking to generate a corrected video signal representing a stabilized version of the view of interest. Such a corrected video signal will exclude extraneous visual information (i.e., visual information other than the view of interest), and will be "stabilized" in the sense that it exhibits less image motion than does the draw video camera signal. The preferred embodiment of the invention is capable of efficiently correcting for undesired camera rotation about three orthogonal rotational axes, as well as for undesired camera translations in a plane orthogonal to the axis of symmetry of the camera lens.

Three-dimensional shooting video camera apparatus

Abstract: A 3D shooting video camera apparatus includes two video camera main bodies coupled in such a way that the two video cameras operate in synchronism and with the same shooting conditions. A 3D effect adjusting mechanism is mounted to the apparatus to facilitate the adjustment, in the shooting direction, of the cross point of the optical axes of the two video camera main bodies.

Video camera having rotatable viewfinder

Abstract: A portable video camera of the type having a taking lens and an electronic video imaging device comprises a camera body incorporating the electronic video imaging device therein, a handgrip turnably mounted on one side wall of the camera body, and a view finder, electronic or optical, structurally integral with the handgrip for viewing an image of a subject therethrough. Being changeable in position according to camera angles, the action finder can be brought into alignment with an eye of the operator in any shooting angle.

Characteristics of low light level television cameras.

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the characteristics of low light level television cameras. There are two approaches to the production of a video camera with sufficient sensitivity for low light level work. The approaches include employment of a device with high quantum efficiency such as a charged coupled device (CCD) and use of a photoemissive device such as an image intensifier. Both approaches have been used with success for video imaging of living preparations. The noise of the ideal low light level video camera is solely due to that associated with emission from the photocathode. As with photomultiplier tubes, signal to noise may be increased by image averaging with the resultant reduction in temporal resolution. The tradeoff between spatial and temporal resolution is of prime consideration in the selection and use of low light level video systems. The best photocathodes for image tube applications in video microscopy are the S-20 or multialkali. Quantum efficiency of these photosensors is in the 20–30% range and the S-25 photocathode is about 10 to 15% quantum efficient. It is found that the speed of response of low light level cameras depends on photoconductive and capacitative effects at the photocathode.

Image stabilizing apparatus for a portable video camera

Abstract: The image stabilization apparatus for a portable video camera is such that for angular variations about the optcial axis (OZ) of the camera, the horizontal and vertical deflec­tion currents Ix and Iy of the camera are converted as a function of these variations by an angular measurment device integrally connected with the camera prior to being applied to the corresponding horizontal and vertical coils (4 and 5, respectively) of the camera.

Photographing apparatus with self-monitoring device

Abstract: A photographing apparatus with a self-monitoring device having a still camera and a video camera sharing a photographic lens each other, a monitoring television device for forming a monitored image thereon from video signals obtained by the video camera, a housing member for accommodating therein the still camera, video camera and the monitoring television device and a device for freezing the video signals from the monitoring television device in connection with a shutter release operation.

Unsynchronized multispectral video filtering system with filter identification sensor within field of view and video signal responsive

Abstract: A video system for exposing a video camera to a field of view through a sequence of different filter elements. A position detection system is employed in order to identify which filter element is in the field of view without requiring synchronization between the filter elements and the camera system. The filter elements are rotated on a wheel in front of the camera lens by an unsynchronized motor, and wheel position is detected and used to trigger a frame buffer so that it fills with signals from a camera view through a particular unitary filter. The position detection system may include a coded marking on the wheel which is detected by a separate sensor or detection in the signal stream from the camera, or it may include means for sensing the filter characteristic in the video signal itself. A controller provides a request of video signals for a particular filter characteristic which operates in synchronism with the position sensor.

Apparatus for taking photograph with monitoring system

Abstract: An apparatus for taking photograph with monitoring system comprises a primary camera for taking an objective photograph, a monitor camera, and a half mirror disposed in front of the lens of the primary camera obliquely to its optical axis, the lens of the monitor camera and the lens of the primary camera being located at the symmetrical positions with respect to the half mirror, so that the monitor image without any parallax and timelag from the image on the objective photograph by the primary camera can be obtained by the monitor camera.

Camera with spectroscope attachment

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which includes a camera with an attachment for spectrally distributing light from a scene to be photographed, in order that the dominant spectrally distributed light color or colors of the scene or a part of it may be observed, and then photographed, as by using a selected filter. Spectral distribution of the light from the scene is achieved by a spectroscope such as a prism or a diffraction grating supported so as to receive light from the scene, preferably light which has passed through the viewfinder and lens in a single lens reflex camera. The spectroscope is supported by and from the camera, as by a support which engages the flash shoe of the camera, or is a clamp and which is preferably adjustable. The camera may be used in conjunction with a microscope. A method is provided for aligning the prism and forming the lens system of the camera, including directing a laser beam through the prism and through the viewing and focussing lens system of the camera. A further method is the photographing of a scene with color film after a spectrally distributed image of the scene is viewed.

Camera Edge Response

Abstract: Edge location is an important machine vision task. Machine vision systems perform mathematical operations on rectangular arrays of numbers that are intended to faithfully represent the spatial distribution of scene luminance. The numbers are produced by periodic sampling and quantization of the camera's video output. This sequence can cause artifacts to appear in the data with a noise spectrum that is high in power at high spatial frequencies. This is a problem because most edge detection algorithms are preferentially sensitive to the high-frequency content in an image. Solid state cameras can introduce errors because of the spatial periodicity of their sensor elements. This can result in problems when image edges are aligned with camera pixel boundaries: (a) some cameras introduce transients into the video signal while switching between sensor elements; (b) most cameras use analog low-pass filters to minimize sampling artifacts and these introduce video phase delays that shift the locations of edges. The problems compound when the vision system samples asynchronously with the camera's pixel rate. Moire patterns (analogous to beat frequencies) can result. In this paper, we examine and model quantization effects in a machine vision system with particular emphasis on edge detection performance. We also compare our models with experimental measurements.

Cinemax Image Intensifier For High Speed Cameras

Abstract: An intensifier has been developed for use with high speed cine cameras, high speed video and image converter cameras. The Cinemax intensifier gives a real increase in sensitivity of at least 100x for white light events. This can be further enhanced by using wider aperture lenses than are possible with high speed cine cameras. Normally image intensifiers cannot be used in front of high speed cameras because long phosphor decay times cause image stacking. Rapidly changing events become smeared, resulting in poor resolution and low contrast. Cinemax is the first high brilliance intensifier to use sub-microsecond decay phosphors and when placed in front of an image converter camera, speeds up to 1,000,000 f.p.s. are possible. Cinemax is run in continuous mode at low light levels for setting up and in gated mode when recording a high speed sequence. The gated-on period is synchronised with event and camera and is designed to keep the energy dissipated in the final phosphor below damage threshold. Cinemax has successfully been used in conjunction with a Hyspeed cine camera to record the initial burning phase in a lean burn internal combustion engine.

Improvement Of CCD Camera Resolution Using A Jittering Technique

Abstract: Many machine vision systems use cameras as measuring devices, for example to determine the geometry of an ob-ject, and hence the resolution of the camera and any dis-tortions in the image are very important. In this paper, the factors creating distortion and limiting resolution in a typical CCD imaging system are listed, and a method of calibration for some of these factors is outlined. Two techniques for increasing camera resolution by jittering', (taking multiple images displaced by a known sub-pixel amount) are described and some initial results are presented.

Digitizing Standard & High Resolution High Frame Rate Video Camera Signals

Abstract: The digitizing of an analog video camera signal requires special techniques to accurately sample the signal. Careful attention must be paid to both amplitude and timing considerations. Specifications exist which define amplitude and timing parame-ters of so called "standard" cameras. Recent advances in CCD technology have lead to the development of high resolution line scan and area cameras. Unfortunately these cameras do not con-form to any published standard. Hardware designed to digitize these "non-standard" cameras must have a flexible architecture to allow for each cameras' particular interface requirements.

Real-Time Data Acquisition Algorithms And Implementation For 3-D Vision

Abstract: Algorithms used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of an object using a standard video camera and a mask in front of the camera lens are described. A simple and very compact 3-D camera is developed using these techniques. Depending on the type of mask and the illumination used, different algorithms are investigated. Emphasis is placed on the real-time processing of the video images with application to control. Experimental results will be presented.