Showing papers on "Toona published in 2010"

Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ash of Some Medicinal Plants Growing in Uttarakhand, India

Abstract: Physio-chemical analysis of ash of Quercus infectoria, Cassia fistula, Tinospora cordifolia, Butea monosperma and Cedrela toona trees parts were carried out for present study. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used for quantitative estimation while chemical methods applied for qualitative estimation of minerals in plants ash. It is found that C. fistula, T. cordifolia, Q. infectoria and C. toona showed maximum concentration of potassium while, B. monosperma showed maximum results with magnesium. (Nature and Science 2010;8(6):88-91). (ISSN: 1545-0740).

Leaves from grafted Meliaceae species affect survival and performance of Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae

Abstract: In order to determine their effects on growth and mortality of instar II Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller), larvae were fed with leaf disks taken from shoots of susceptible species (Cedrela odorata L. and Swieteniamacrophylla King) scions grafted onto resistant ones (Khaya senegalensis Desr. A. Juss and Toona ciliata M. Roem.), from their reciprocal grafts, and from both intact and autografted plants. In addition, crude leaf extracts from the susceptible and resistant plants, as well as from C. odorata grafted onto T. ciliata plants, were tested on C. odorata leaf disks. Mortality was evaluated 2, 10, and 25 days after starting the bioassay. Leaf area consumed and weight gain per larva were assessed 2 days after starting bioassay. Time to reach pupation, pupal weight and length 1 day after pupation, and time to adult stage and appearance of wings were determined at the end of the bioassay. Plant species significantly affected mortality (P ≤ 0.04) throughout the test. Eighty to 100% of larvae fed leaf disks from intact T. ciliata and its autograft, or C. odorata onto T. ciliata and its reciprocal graft died in the first 2 days of evaluation. All other factors measured, except pupal weight and length, were also affected (P ≤ 0.01) by the leaf disks. Intact resistant plants and reciprocal grafted plants reduced leaf consumption and caused larval weight loss. Larvae fed on K. senegalensis grafted onto S. macrophylla extended by 8 days the time to pupa and to adult stages and induced abnormal wing formation compared to larvae fed intact leaves of C. odorata. Crude extracts from resistant plants equally affected larval survival and performance compared to crude extract from C. odorata grafted onto T. ciliata plants, and these extracts were more detrimental to larvae than those from susceptible species. This study demonstrated that grafting borer-susceptible species on resistant rootstocks can affect the survival and performance of instar II H. grandella larvae.

Use of grafting to prevent Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) damage to new world Meliaceae species

Abstract: The susceptible species Cedrela odorata and Swietenia macrophylla to attack by Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) larvae were grafted onto the resistant species Khaya senegalensis and Toona ciliata. Six-month-old grafted plants were then compared to their reciprocal grafts and to both intact (non-grafted) and autografted plants for damage due to H. grandella larvae and for their effects on larval performance. Two experiments were conducted: one in which the apical bud of the main plant shoot was inoculated with H. grandella eggs, and the other in which the bud was inoculated with third instars. Damage in each experiment was assessed by the number of frass piles, number and length of tunnels, number of damaged leaves, and damage to the apical bud. Larval performance was evaluated in terms of time to reach pupation and pupal weight and length. In both experiments, plant damage differed significantly among treatments (P < 0.03). Resistant rootstocks conferred resistance to susceptible scions. In both experiments, grafting by itself, regardless of the rootstock and scion combination, also reduced damage caused by H. grandella larvae. Scions of autografted susceptible species had similar resistance to susceptible scions grafted on resistant rootstocks. Few larvae reached pupation, and their pupal weight and length were similar.

Determination of Quercetin in Taihe Toona Sinensis by High Perfor mance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract: In order to establish the method for determination of quercetin in Taihe Toona Sinensis,and compare of 4 varieties of Quercetin about green toona,black oil toona,red oil toona and red toona in Taihe county,high performance liquid chromatography was used.Column for the shim-pack: vp-ODS column,and mobile phase was methanol-water(1∶1,dilute phosphoric acid adjusted pH value=2.50),The detection wavelength was 368nm,flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,and external standard method was used for calculation.The quercetin in the concentration of 83.2 ～ 187.2 μg/mL range appeared a good linear relationship,with r=0.9995,experimental precision RSD of 1.63%,and recovery test of four varieties of Chinese toon RSD being 2.01%,2.92%,3.83%and 3.3% respectively.The method is quick,of good linear relationship,of higher recovery rate,accurate and reliable,so it can be used to determine the quercetin in Taihe toona Sinensis.