Showing papers on "Tube (fluid conveyance) published in 1996"

Composite spoolable tube

Abstract: A spoolable composite tube capable of being spooled onto a reel for storage and for use in oil field applications. The spoolable tube exhibits unique anistropic characteristics that provide improved burst and collapse pressures, increased tensile strength, compression strength, and load carrying capacity, while still remaining sufficiently bendable to be spooled onto a reel in an open bore configuration. The spoolable composite tube can include an inner liner, an interface layer, fiber composite layers, a pressure barrier layer, and an outer protective layer. The fiber composite layers can have a unique triaxial braid structure.

Composite coiled tubing apparatus and methods

Abstract: Products and methods relating to composite materials and their use in coiled tubing is disclosed. The composite tubing is a pressurized means of conveying fluids downhole in a wellbore. It includes a multilayered laminate that resists buckling within the wellbore and is fabricated into a hollow tube. The fibers are oriented in angular relationship to the longitudinal direction of the coiled tubing such as to provide appropriate strength and buckling characteristics to the coiled tubing. Further, the coiled tubing layered laminate may transmit signals representing data from downhole to the surface. In some embodiments, a composite disconnecting device which includes a blend of fibers of different types or orientations is shown. The disconnecting device shows a failure load range corresponding to the failure characteristics of the fiber blend, the fiber blend having a predetermined failure limit.

Catheter having shaft of varying stiffness

Abstract: A medical device such as a catheter is described having a stiff, preferably metallic, proximal tube. The distal portion of the proximal tube may have a plurality of perforations or slots formed therein to increase its flexibility. This provides a smooth transition between the relatively stiff proximal tube and a more flexible distal polymeric tube.

Stem elements for securing tubing and electrical wires to expandable-collapsible electrode structures

Abstract: A collapsible electrode body is assembled to an end of a catheter tube. A generally rigid stem element having an exterior diameter is connected to the catheter tube. A flexible tube, which has an initial interior diameter smaller than the exterior diameter of the stem element, is deformed into a desired geometry for the electrode body, including a neck region with an enlarged interior diameter greater than the exterior diameter of the stem element. The neck region is slipped about the stem element. Heat is applied to shrink the neck region about the stem element and form a first interference fit junction therebetween. A sleeve is fitted about the first interference fit junction, and heat is applied to shrink the sleeve about the interference fit junction and form a second interference fit junction therebetween. Preferably, after the first interference fit junction is formed, additional heat is applied to thermally fuse the neck region to the stem region.

Rubber composition suitable for treads containing aluminium doped precipitated silica

Abstract: A rubber compsn. vulcanisable by sulphur based on dienic polymer contains: (i) a reinforcement filling of a pptd. silica contg. an Al content of 0.35-3%, relative to silica. Also claimed is a rubber tube or belt, made from the new material.

Polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer buffer tubes for optical fiber cables and method for making the same

Abstract: A buffer tube for an optical fiber cable is made from a polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer resin having nucleating agents and filler materials disbursed therein. The nucleating agents and filler materials improve compression-tension resistance and thermal expansion properties of the polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer buffer tube (32). A non-armored cable structure incorporates the present invention and is generally indicated by the numeral (30). This structure includes a single, large, gel-filled buffer tube (32) made of a polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer at least incorporating a nucleating agent. The gel in the buffer tube is a thixotropic, water-blockable gel. The gel-filled buffer tube (32) contains a plurality of optical fibers (34). Radial strength yarns (36), made from either aramid, polyethylene, polyester, or fiberglass materials, are contra-helically stranded around the buffer tube (32) and impregnated with filling compounds such as a petroleum based hot melt filling compound. Two metallic or dielectric strength members (38) are located 180 degrees apart on the outside of the radial strength yarns (36). A high strength rip cord (40) is applied over the radial strength yarns (36) to aid in sheath removal. A medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) outer jacket (42) encapsulates the strength members (38) and radial strength yarns (36) to complete the structure. The MDPE of jacket (42) may be filled with carbon black powder.

Tracheal tube and methods related thereto

Abstract: There is disclosed a tracheal tube for insertion into the trachea of a patient. The tracheal tube includes a tube portion having a distal end, and a signal source associated with the tube portion at a predefined distance from its distal end. The tracheal tube is inserted into the trachea such that the signal source is immediately posterior to the patient's cricothyroid ligament. Methods related to confirming proper placement of the tracheal tube by detecting the signal source immediately posterior to the patient's cricothyroid ligament are also disclosed.

Expiratory scavenging method and apparatus and oxygen control system for post anesthesia care patients

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing contamination of the Post Anesthesia Care Unit of A Hospital by the use of a mask sealed to the patient's face and connected by a ventilator circuit to an airator that pulls a vacuum to exhaust the patient's expirations to the outside atmosphere. The disclosure also includes a "oxyvent" which is a tube adapted to be attached to an oxygen tank and to a patient to provide a higher oxygen ratio to the patient and to provide forced ventilation to a patient who has difficulty ventilating.

Geothermal heat exchange unit

Abstract: An improved geothermal heat exchange unit, which can be placed in ground and/or water, has a rigid hollow core about which is formed a helical winding of thermally conductive tube. The return section of the tube extends vertically along a central axis of the core, separated from the inner wall of the core by thermal insulating material. The heat exchange unit is optionally encased in a solid thermally conductive casing and may have a small diameter oil return tube from the lowermost portion of the unit to the suction intake port of a gas compressor. An optional high pressure water hose is attached for installation assistance in wet sand or wet soils.

Profile thermocouple of a transverse-type diffusion furnace

Abstract: A profile thermocouple employs a detachable and heat-resistant fixing assembly. The fixing assembly has a first fixing tube and a second fixing tube assembled with each other. A temperature sensor is inserted in the first fixing tube, and extension wires are inserted in the second fixing tube. The temperature sensor includes a plurality of alloy wires, a plurality of insulators, and a protecting tube. The fixing assembly is made from heat-resistant metal. Therefore, the temperature sensor is prevented from being short-circuited or broken, such that the profile thermocouple more precisely senses the temperature in the transverse-type diffusion furnace.

Medical tube and apparatus for locating the same in the body of a patient

Abstract: A medical tube, apparatus and method for locating the medical tube within the body of a patient. The medical tube has a permanent magnet associated therewith and is capable of being located by a detection apparatus which senses the static magnetic field strength gradient generated by the magnet associated with the medical tube and indicates the value of the gradient to the user. In one embodiment, the magnet is associated with the distal end of the medical tube in a fixed orientation with a magnetic dipole pointing to the proximal end and parallel to a longitudinal axis of the medical tube such that polarity of the magnet's static magnetic field as sensed by the detection apparatus indicates the orientation of the distal end of the medical tube with the body of a patient.

Interior liner for tubes, pipes and blood conduits

Abstract: A tube which circumferentially distends from its initial circumference upon the application of a circumferentially distending force such as applied by an internal pressure, and which exhibits minimal recoil following the removal of the circumferentially distending force. The tube preferably has a second circumference larger than the initial circumference which remains substantially unchanged by further increasing force once it has been achieved. Because of the distensible circumference and minimal recoil of the tube, the tube is useful as a liner for pipes and vessels and particularly for pipes and vessels having irregular internal surfaces to which the tube can smoothly conform. The tube is preferably made from porous PTFE with thin walls, in which form it is particularly useful as a liner for both living and prosthetic blood vessels and to line anastomoses between living and prosthetic blood vessels. The tube or any other intraluminal graft may be used in in situ bypass procedures to hold venous valves open and to occlude tributary branches. Covered stents may be used for the same purpose; stents without such a covering may also be used to hold venous valves open.

Heat flux meter

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a heat flux meter which is constituted to measure a heat flux from the differential formula of a thermocouple formed of core wires by passing a sheath tube having the core wires through an inner tube inserted into a heat receiving plate attached to the front face of a side plate forming a maintenance space from the rear side of the side plate in such a way that the tube is opened in the maintenance space to accurately measure the heat flux even when the insulation resistance of the maintenance space changes. SOLUTION: An inner tube 090 is attached to a side plate 011 to the front face of which a heat receiving plate 010 is attached so as to form a maintenance space 030 of the plates 011 and 010 in such a way that the front end of the tube 009 is opened in the space 030. A sheath tube 012 is put in the inner tube 009 and three core wires 012a, 012a, and 014 are passed through the sheath tube 012. The core wires 012a form a thermocouple in such a way that one of the wires 012a is passed through the heat receiving plate 010 and welded 013a to the front face of the plate 010 and the other is passed through the side plate 011 and welded to the rear face of the side 011. The remaining core wire 014 is laid in an insulating material 015 in the sheath tube 012 and used for the measurement of the insulation resistance between the core wire 014 and the other core wires 012a.

Air cleaner with separate ozone and ionizer outputs and method of purifying air

Abstract: An air cleaner with separate ozone gas and ionized air outputs, and method of purifying air is provided. The air cleaner includes an exterior housing which houses an ozone generator component and a ionized air generator component. In operation, air is drawn through the air cleaner by means of a blower and is first passed through a multi-layered filter. The air then passes through an ionizer which ionizes the air and induces on it a net negative electric charge. As the ionized air is recirculated back into the device, the negatively charged air is electrostatically precipitated by the filter which maintains a net positive electric charge. The ozone generator component within the housing draws in air via an air pump which produces an output of pressurized air to the ozone generator. Within a mixing chamber of the ozone generator, the pressurized air is mixed with ozone produced therein and is then output through an independent ozone outlet tube. The ozone and ion generators may be operated simultaneously or separately wherein surrounding air is electrostatically precipitated and/or mixed with ozone gas. Alternatively, an extension tube is connectable to the ozone outlet tube to enable a concentrated ozone mixture to be applied to a remote location. A timer circuit within the apparatus enables the ozone generator to be controlled to shutdown at a preset time.

Universal medical tube retainer and nasal wall tissue dilator

Abstract: A method for expanding the volume of interior nasal air passages (65 and 67) by introducing separating forces in anatomical outer nasal wall tissues (62 and 64) to enhance oxygen flow and minimize obstruction caused by the presence of nasally inserted medical tubing, which further supports and retains various combinations of oxygen cannula (68), a nasogastric suction tube (35), or an enteral feeding tube (40). This method includes a device containing a clip assembly (14), adjustable arm (18) and dilator patch assembly (12). The primary purposes of this method are to reduce incidence of secondary infection, increase efficacy of oxygen therapy and improve patient comfort.

Dielectric barrier discharge

Abstract: PURPOSE:To start discharge at a relatively lower voltage by providing a narroow gap area, where a discharge gap length is less than an average discharge gap length, in part of the discharge space. CONSTITUTION:A discharge container 1 made of synthetic silica glass has an inside tube 2 as the second dielectric and an outside tube 3 as the first dielectric coaxially arrange into a hollow cylindrical shape. The light-transmissive first electrode 4 is provided on the outer face of the outside tube 3 for dielectric barrier discharge and the second electrode 5 also served as a light reflecting film is provided on the outer face of the inside tube 2 for dielectric barrier discharge. The electrodes 4, 5 are extended to a furrowed portion 20 provided on the first electrode to form a gatter room 6, to form a narrow gap area 21. Discharge gas to form excimer molecules with dielectric barrier discharge is filled in a discharge space. When a power supply 10 connected to the electrodes 4, 5 to apply high frequency voltage thereto, discharge is started at a lower voltage and vacuum ultraviolet ray is obtained.

Coriolis-type mass flow sensor with a single measuring tube

Abstract: A mass flowmeter (1) based on the Coriolis principle is disclosed whose susceptibility to disturbances originating from the conduit, such as vibrations of the conduit or wide pressure variations of the fluid, and to other disturbances, such as impacts on the casing (11), is greatly reduced by mechanical means. It has a fluid inlet (113) and a fluid outlet (114) which are connected with the conduit via the casing; a support base (12) disposed within the casing and connected with the casing via at least one mechanical damping element (13, 14) which is located on a nodal line of vibration (19) of the support base; a single measuring tube which is bent in a plane parallel to the support base and ends in the fluid inlet (113) and the fluid outlet (114), a portion of said measuring tube to be vibrated in a direction perpendicular to said plane being fixed to the support base by fixing means (121, 122) located in the areas of opposite edges of the support base, and two connecting portions (152, 153) of said measuring tube extending from the respective fixing means to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, respectively; a vibrator (16); and at least one respective sensor (17, 18) disposed near each of the fixing means for sensing the vibrations of the tube portion.

Fluid jet cutting system

Abstract: A system for generating a high pressure fluid jet (44) includes a variable pressure pump (22) and a burst resistant delivery tube (36) which safely conducts the pressurized stream to an instrument (40). The pump may include a disposable diaphragm pump cartridge (28) which is driven by a reusable pump (26). The delivery tube may be a coiled hypo tube which enhances flexibility.

Bendable tube and method for its manufacture

Abstract: An bendable endoscope is disclosed which comprises tube sections. Neighbouring tube sections are completely materially separated from one another via a circumferential separating gap and are only connected to one another with a positive fit. By providing a corresponding number of tube sections, a flexible shank or a flexible shaft may be formed. The manufacture may be effected by laser cutting from a rigid tube.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Single-File Systems

Abstract: The diffusion of particles in single-file systems is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulation. For three different system configurations, the mean square displacements are calculated and compared with the result of analytical considerations. For a straight tube the mean square displacement is proportional to the time t. For a straight tube, where random forces act on the particles, and for a periodic tube potential it is proportional to the square root of time.

Catheter having pressure detecting ability

Abstract: A catheter having a sensor for detecting forces acting on its distal end includes a catheter tube, a chamber defined in the catheter tube. The chamber is filled with silicon gel. The catheter also has a sensor chip and a cap. The sensor has a pressure sensing surface and a backside. The cap transmits the forces acting on the distal end of the catheter tube to the pressure sensing surface of the sensor chip. Further, the catheter has a pressure introducing hole. The pressure introducing hole transmits the forces acting on the periphery of the catheter tube to the backside of the sensor chip. The sensor chip issues signals externally in accordance with the pressures transmitted to its pressure sensing surface and its backside.

Medical device supported by spirally wound wire

Abstract: A stent delivery device is disclosed that includes an inner tube having a distal portion which carries the stent on the delivery device. At least part of the inner tube is formed from a spirally wound wire. A movable outer tube is used to constrain the stent in a radially contracted state on the distal portion of the inner tube. A substantially straight elongate wire is configured inside the spirally wound wire and bonded at the distal and proximal portions of the wound wire. The outer tube may have at least one side port adjacent to the distal portion in communication with the annular space between the outer tube and the inner tube allowing radiopaque fluid to be injected through the annular space and out the side port in the vicinity of the stent.

PTFE vascular graft

Abstract: An implantable microporous ePTFE tubular vascular graft exhibits long term patency, superior radial tensile strength and suture hole elongation resistance. The graft includes a first ePTFE tube and a second ePTFE tube circumferentially disposed over the first tube. The first ePTFE tube exhibits a porosity sufficient to promote cell endothelization tissue ingrowth and healing. The second ePTFE tube exhibits enhanced radial strength in excess of the radial tensile strength of the first tube.

Air conditioned seat

Abstract: An air conditioned seat including an air conditioning pad comprising an upper pad and a lower pad. The air conditioning pad has an upper layer, a lower layer and a hollow chamber therebetween. The upper layer has a plurality of apertures therethrough leading into the hollow chamber. A coupling tube is included with a first end coupled with an existing air conditioner of an automobile. The coupling tube has a second end portion couplable to the tube of the air conditioning pad.

Intra-aortic prosthesis and surgical instruments for inserting, positioning and fixing said prosthesis in the aorta

Abstract: An intra-aortic prosthesis (1) including a tube (2) divided at one end into two tubular arms (3, 4) having a narrower cross-section than the tube, and instruments including a subclavian insertion sleeve (19), guides (21, 22), a sheath (23), pushing catheters (24, 25) and a plunger (26), are disclosed.

Monitoring of oro-nasal respiration

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring oro-nasal respiration. A pair of nasal prongs, suitable for insertion into the lower portion of the nares, join together via a small plenum chamber to form a single tube conveying the nasal pressure towards an electrical pressure transducer. Another prong is held in proximity with the patient's mouth. A baffle element extends downwards from a location above the open end of the prong to redirect a portion of oral airflow. The oral tube extends towards the electrical pressure transducers and conjoins with the nasal tube at a junction to form a common tube connected to the pressure transducer. The relative lengths and/or diameters of the nasal tube and the oral tube are arranged so that the respective pneumatic impedances are different, so that the contributions of respiratory airflow from each of said tubes are substantially equal.

Volumetric infusion pump with transverse tube loader

Abstract: A medical infusion pump is disclosed which provides for greatly improved accuracy in the delivery of medicaments to a patient. Among the various features included in the instant invention is a pumping body which serves to deform and reform a tube so as to maintain the initial cross-section thereof and thereby preserve the output accuracy of the pump. Also disclosed with regard to the pumping body is a wholly mechanical synchronization of the pumping body and valves associated therewith and coactive with the aforementioned synchronization a mechanical linearization of output of the pumping body per each pumping cycle. Additionally, several features which serve to enhance the utility of the instant invention are also included therein among which is an associated assembly operative to automatically load or disload a tube or IV set into or out of the pumping body. Associated with the assembly operative to automatically load or disload a tube and disclosed herein is is an assembly operative to selectively open or close a slide clamp associated with the tube in such a way as to ensure that the tube is occluded such that in combination with the valves associated with the pumping body, a condition of free-flow of medicament is never realized. Additionally disclosed are sensor housings adapted to measure various quantities associated with fluid flowing through the tube wherein the housings are with associated components adapted to achieve a substantially normal orientation with respect to the sidewall of the tube and in the achieving of such normal orientation, expressing an essentially zero elastic stress gradient across the tube.

Heat transfer and friction correlations for wavy plate fin-and-tube heat exchangers

Abstract: This paper deals with heat exchangers having plate fins of herringbone wave configuration. Correlations are developed to predict the air-side heat transfer coefficient and friction factor as a function of flow conditions and geometric variables of the heat exchanger. Correlations are provided for both staggered and in-line arrays of circular tubes. A multiple regression technique was used to correlate 41 wavy fin geometries by Beecher and Fagan (1987), Wang et al. (1995) and Beecher (1968). For the staggered layout, 92% of the heat transfer data are correlated within {+-}10%, and 91% of the friction data are correlated within {+-}15%.

Frontal sinus stent

Abstract: A self-retaining stent made of medical-grade silicone rubber that comprises a tube extended into a bulb on one end of said tube, said bulb consisting of multiple, radially-disposed ribs separated by openings into the bulb that allow fluid from the frontal sinus to drain into the bulb and thence through the tube after that stent has been inserted endoscopically into the frontal sinus.