Showing papers on "Tumor antigen published in 1971"

Tumor-specific Immunity in the Course of Primary Polyoma and Rous Tumor Development in Intact and Immunosuppressed Rats

Abstract: The development of cell-mediated immunity and the appearance of a blocking serum activity capable of nullifying the lymphocyte effect has been followed during polyoma and Rous virus tumorigenesis by use of the in vitro colony inhibition test. Lymphocytes specifically immune to the tumor antigen in question were demonstrable whether or not the animals had been subjected to immunosuppressive treatment (antilymphocytic serum during the latency period or neonatal thymectomy before virus infection). Such immune lymphocytes were present to about the same extent in lymph nodes of rats that carried primary tumors and of virus-infected rats that had not yet developed any tumors, and in rats carrying primary Rous sarcomas they were detected in the thoracic duct lymph as well. A blocking serum activity was found in 22 of 23 rats bearing primary polyoma tumors and in 8 of 10 rats carrying primary Rous sarcomas. Sera of all 13 previously immunosuppressed rats carrying primary polyoma tumors had a blocking activity. No such activity was detectable in three rats which did not develop primary polyoma tumors. Sera obtained 1 to 13 weeks prior to the appearance of visible primary tumors were sometimes blocking (in three of seven polyoma rats and one of four Rous sarcoma animals). The blocking serum activity is tentatively attributed to blocking antibodies, which mediate an efferent form of immunological enhancement.

Immunofluorescence studies on sera of patients with breast carcinoma

Abstract: Immunofluorescence studies on sera of patients with breast carcinoma are described. Sera from 42 patients with breast carcinoma 4 with fibrocystic disease and 45 blood bank donors were included in the tests. 31 of the 46 sera revealed positive reactions consisting of faint nucleolar and strong cytoplasmic fluorescence in cells of disease or osteosarcomas. None of the sera reacted with giant cell tumor cells rhabdonyosarcoma cells Levine-3 cell line human embryo kidney culture producing Rauscher leukemia cells normal human embryo cells or human adult skin cells. Control (blood bank donors) sera were negative with the cells of all cultures. Results of absorption studies of the positive sera indicated that the fluorescence reaction may be due to a tumor antigen and not to age blood type number of children treatments familial history of cancer or presence or absence of metastasis.(AUTHORS MODIFIED)

Chondrosarcoma. Immune reactions of a patient to autologous tumor.

Abstract: Chondrosarcoma cells obtained from the tumor of one patient were established in culture. The tumor cells contained filamentous structures resembling viral ribonucleoprotein strands. Autologous small lymphocytes reacted immediately with cultured tumor cells and inhibited the growth of the culture. Destruction of tumor cells by lymphocytes was seen; autologous fibroblasts were not damaged. Small lymphocytes of another patient with chondrosarcoma also reacted immediately with cultured allogeneic tumor cells and inhibited growth. Lymphocytes of normal donors reacted both with cultured fibroblastic and neoplastic cells of the patient but only after several days of co-cultivation; blastic transformation of lymphocytes was evident during co-cultivation. It is proposed that patients with chondrosarcoma circulate presensitized small “executor” lymphocytes committed to a tumor antigen. The patient's serum reacted with cytoplasmic antigens of the autologous tumor cells in an indirect fluorescent antibody test.

Liver histiocytes in rejection of tumor cells. Preliminary studies with the isolated, perfused rodent liver.

Abstract: The role of hepatic histiocytes in the immune rejection of tumor cells has been evaluated in the isolated perfused rodent liver. The active phagocytosis of technitium sulfide Tc 99m in vitro by the liver reticuloendothelial system demonstrated the effectiveness of this preparation. Immunization enhanced the cytotoxicity of the isolated peritoneal macrophage to xenogeneic cells. The addition of immunized serum caused a pronounced increase in this phenomenon. Progressive removal of histoincompatible cells from the perfusate was detected in both immunized and nonimmunized isolated liver preparations. No significant differences were observed between the systems, although serum was lacking, and cell-fixed antibodies or complement may be required for Kupffer's cell cytotoxicity. The isolated, perfused rodent liver appears to be useful for studying the initial phases of tumor antigen processing in an organ which maintains its structural integrity.

Immunity to Human Tumor Antigens

Abstract: It has been well established during the last 10–15 years that most (all?) experimentally induced animal tumors possess specific antigens against which an immunity can be demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro techniques (Old and Boyse1964; Sjogren 1965; Klein 1966; Hellstrom and Hellstrom, 1969 b, 1970 b).Evidence that human neoplasms are antigenic as well has been forthcoming more recently. Some of this evidence will be summarized here, primarily by providing references. No attempts will be made to go into details, since these are covered in two recent review articles (Hellstrom and Hellstrom 1969 b, 1970 b, c; Klein 1970; Gold 1970).