We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10 13 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/306/5696/666.full.pdf

Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films

This article reviews the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations. The Dirac electrons can be controlled by application of external electric and magnetic fields, or by altering sample geometry and/or topology. The Dirac electrons behave in unusual ways in tunneling, confinement, and the integer quantum Hall effect. The electronic properties of graphene stacks are discussed and vary with stacking order and number of layers. Edge (surface) states in graphene depend on the edge termination (zigzag or armchair) and affect the physical properties of nanoribbons. Different types of disorder modify the Dirac equation leading to unusual spectroscopic and transport properties. The effects of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in single layer and multilayer graphene are also presented.

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The electronic properties of graphene

/pdf/honeycomb-carbon-a-review-of-graphene-bjl5wl6ai8.pdf

Honeycomb Carbon: A Review of Graphene

Raman spectroscopy in graphene

A positive temperature coefficient is the term which has been used to indicate that an increase in solubility occurs as the temperature is raised, whereas a negative coefficient indicates a decrease in solubility with rise in temperature.

Effect of Temperature

Experimental evidence of a single nano-graphene

Conductivity and surface morphology of Nafion membrane in water and alcohol environments

Diamond nanoparticles deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) were investigated by several microscopic techniques. We have demonstrated that EPD method is useful to deposit nanosized diamond particles from isopropyl alcohol suspensions on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates. These nanoparticles acquire a negative surface charge in aqueous and organic suspensions. However, in isopropyl alcohol suspensions, H+ ions generated in situ by reaction between iodine and acetone are adsorbed on the diamond particles, resulting in a positive surface charge. Observation of the surface of both cathode and anode confirms that diamond particles are mainly deposited on cathode. Deposits at very low concentration exhibit a seeding of nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) pictures showed that the deposited diamond nanoparticles are separate and have a spherical shape. It was also established that the defect sites, such as steps on HOPG surface, are favora...

A. M. Affoune

Papers

Experimental evidence of a single nano-graphene

Conductivity and surface morphology of Nafion membrane in water and alcohol environments

Electrophoretic Deposition of nanosized diamond particles

Facile Synthesis of Ni(OH)2 Modified Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrode and its Application for Highly Sensitive Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor

Simultaneous recovery of Zn and Mn from used batteries in acidic and alkaline mediums: A comparative study