This paper describes new concepts for the structural design of high-rise buildings, in which a system is introduced to increase the dependable structural damping by a factor of 5–10. By so doing the dynamic response of the building to wind effects (buffeting and vortex shedding) is virtually eliminated, leading to substantially reduced lateral design forces and assured occupant comfort. Substantial reductions in structural member size and construction cost savings can be realized in many cases. This may significantly improve the economic viability and sustainability of a development. The paper describes some means by which high levels of damping may be achieved and is illustrated by an implementation on a building, currently under construction, subjected to wind and seismic excitation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/tal.413

The damped outrigger concept for tall buildings

The City of Los Angeles, the City and County of San Francisco, and other communities on the West Coast are undergoing a boom in the construction of high-rise buildings that involve a variety of unusual configurations, innovative structural systems, and high performance materials. Various jurisdictions, with the active involvement of peer review committees, are considering performance-based methods to assess the adequacy of these new designs. These parallel efforts create a timely opportunity for collaboration to improve and increase the application of performance-based designs for tall buildings, thereby assuring that new high-rise construction meets intended safety and performance objectives, ensuring safe and usable buildings after future major earthquakes. The Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) is presently undertaking a multiyear program to develop guidelines to aid the engineering community with the design, analysis and construction of these tall buildings.

ATC-72 of the PEER Tall Buildings Initiative: Interim Guidelines on Modeling and Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Design and Analysis of Tall Buildings

Tall buildings are one of the few constructed facilities whose design relies solely upon analytical and scaled models, which, though based upon fundamental mechanics and years of research and experience, has yet to be systematically validated in full scale. In response to this need, through the combined efforts of members of academe, a design firm and a commercial wind tunnel testing laboratory, a program was initiated to monitor the full-scale response of representative tall buildings and compare this to the predicted response from wind tunnels and finite-element models used commonly in design. As part of this monitoring program, in situ periods and damping ratios over a range of response amplitudes are also being evaluated. This paper provides an overview of the monitoring program, which includes three tall buildings in the city of Chicago, details their instrumentation and modeling, and provides an example of the full-scale response data analyses being conducted.

/pdf/validating-wind-induced-response-of-tall-buildings-synopsis-2ialml1adz.pdf

Validating wind-induced response of tall buildings : Synopsis of the chicago full-scale monitoring program

Vibration control of steel jacket offshore platform structures with damping isolation systems

Field measurements of typhoon effects on a super tall building

This paper describes some results obtained from full-scale measurements of wind effects on a super-tall building, Di-Wang Tower, located in Shenzhen, China. This tall building has 79-storeys with a height of approximately 324 m. Field measurements including wind speed, wind direction and wind-induced acceleration responses have been made. The amplitude-dependent characteristics of damping are obtained by using the random decrement technique from the detailed analysis of the field acceleration measurements. The main objective of this paper is to present detailed investigations into the effects of nonlinear damping on the dynamic responses of the tall building subjected to various types of applied loads based on the measured amplitude-dependent damping characteristics. The predicted dynamic responses of the building obtained by using the measured damping characteristics were compared with those computed by using constant damping parameters assumed by the structural designers. It is concluded from the investigations that knowledge of actual damping characteristics are very important in the accurate prediction of the dynamic responses of a tall building when the major harmonic components of the applied loads overlap with the lowest natural frequencies of the building. The design damping level for tall building structures currently used by structural engineering practitioners appears to be high and not conservative. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Field measurements of amplitude-dependent damping in a 79-storey tall building and its efects on the structural dynamic responses

Modified independent modal space control of m.d.o.f. systems

Central Plaza has a height of approximately 374 m and is 78-storeys tall. It is the tallest structure in Hong Kong and was the highest reinforced-concrete building in the world when it was built several years ago. This paper describes some results obtained from the full-scale measurements of wind effects on Central Plaza. The field data such as wind speed, wind direction and acceleration responses have been measured during the close passage of several typhoons in recent years. Detailed analysis of the field data is conducted to investigate wind effects on the tall building. The full-scale measurements are compared with the wind tunnel results. The amplitude-dependent characteristics of damping that were obtained by using the random decrement technique are investigated on the basis of the field measurements. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Field measurements of wind effects on the tallest building in Hong Kong

In this paper, artificial neural networks, a new kind of intelligent method, are employed to model and predict amplitude dependent damping in buildings based on our full-scale measurements of buildings. The modelling method and procedure using neural networks to model the damping are studied. Comparative analysis of different neural network models of damping, which includes multi-layer perception network (MLP), recurrent neural network, and general regression neural network (GRNN), is performed and discussed in detail. The performances of the models are evaluated and discussed by tests and predictions including self-test, "one-lag" prediction and "multi-lag" prediction of the damping values at high amplitude levels. The established models of damping are used to predict the damping in the following three ways : (1) the model is established by part of the data measured from one building and is used to predict the another part of damping values which are always difficult to obtain from field measurements : the values at the high amplitude level. (2) The model is established by the damping data measured from one building and is used to predict the variation curve of damping for another building. And (3) the model is established by the data measured from more than one buildings and is used to predict the variation curve of damping for another building. The prediction results are discussed.

A. P. Jeary

Papers

Field measurements of amplitude-dependent damping in a 79-storey tall building and its efects on the structural dynamic responses

Modified independent modal space control of m.d.o.f. systems

Field measurements of wind effects on the tallest building in Hong Kong

Using neural networks to model and predict amplitude dependent damping in buildings

Field measurements of wind and structural responses of a 70-storey tall building under typhoon conditions