Nowadays, deep learning is a current and a stimulating field of machine learning. Deep learning is the most effective, supervised, time and cost efficient machine learning approach. Deep learning is not a restricted learning approach, but it abides various procedures and topographies which can be applied to an immense speculum of complicated problems. The technique learns the illustrative and differential features in a very stratified way. Deep learning methods have made a significant breakthrough with appreciable performance in a wide variety of applications with useful security tools. It is considered to be the best choice for discovering complex architecture in high-dimensional data by employing back propagation algorithm. As deep learning has made significant advancements and tremendous performance in numerous applications, the widely used domains of deep learning are business, science and government which further includes adaptive testing, biological image classification, computer vision, cancer detection, natural language processing, object detection, face recognition, handwriting recognition, speech recognition, stock market analysis, smart city and many more. This paper focuses on the concepts of deep learning, its basic and advanced architectures, techniques, motivational aspects, characteristics and the limitations. The paper also presents the major differences between the deep learning, classical machine learning and conventional learning approaches and the major challenges ahead. The main intention of this paper is to explore and present chronologically, a comprehensive survey of the major applications of deep learning covering variety of areas, study of the techniques and architectures used and further the contribution of that respective application in the real world. Finally, the paper ends with the conclusion and future aspects.

A Survey of Deep Learning and Its Applications: A New Paradigm to Machine Learning

A computer views all kinds of visual media as an array of numerical values. As a consequence of this approach, they require image processing algorithms to inspect contents of images. This project compares 3 major image processing algorithms: Single Shot Detection (SSD), Faster Region based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNN), and You Only Look Once (YOLO) to find the fastest and most efficient of three. In this comparative analysis, using the Microsoft COCO (Common Object in Context) dataset, the performance of these three algorithms is evaluated and their strengths and limitations are analysed based on parameters such as accuracy, precision and F1 score. From the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the suitability of any of the algorithms over the other two is dictated to a great extent by the use cases they are applied in. In an identical testing environment, YOLO-v3 outperforms SSD and Faster R-CNN, making it the best of the three algorithms.

/pdf/comparative-analysis-of-deep-learning-image-detection-1sj01rrx9y.pdf

Comparative analysis of deep learning image detection algorithms

In the field of image processing, there are several problems where the efficient search has to be performed in complex search domain to find an optimal solution Image enhancement which improves the quality of an image for visual analysis and/or machine understanding is one of these problems There is no unique image enhancement technique and it’s measurement criterion which satisfies all the necessity and quantitatively judge the quality of a given image respectively Thus sometimes proper image enhancement problem becomes hard and takes large computational time In order to overcome that problem, researchers formulated the image enhancement as optimization problems and solved using Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms (NIOAs) which starts a new era in image enhancement field This study presents an up-to-date review over the application of NIOAs in image enhancement domain The key issues which are involved in the formulation of NIOAs based image enhancement models are also discussed here

A Survey on Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms and Their Application in Image Enhancement Domain

A novel support vector machine (SVM) model combining kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) with genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for intrusion detection. In the proposed model, a multi-layer SVM classifier is adopted to estimate whether the action is an attack, KPCA is used as a preprocessor of SVM to reduce the dimension of feature vectors and shorten training time. In order to reduce the noise caused by feature differences and improve the performance of SVM, an improved kernel function (N-RBF) is proposed by embedding the mean value and the mean square difference values of feature attributes in RBF kernel function. GA is employed to optimize the punishment factor C, kernel parameters @s and the tube size @? of SVM. By comparison with other detection algorithms, the experimental results show that the proposed model performs higher predictive accuracy, faster convergence speed and better generalization.

A Novel Hybrid Kpca and SVM with ga Model for Intrusion Detection

Owing to effective and flexible data acquisition, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently become a hotspot across the fields of computer vision (CV) and remote sensing (RS). Inspired by the recent success of deep learning (DL), many advanced object detection and tracking approaches have been widely applied to various UAV-related tasks, such as environmental monitoring, precision agriculture, and traffic management. 

/pdf/deep-learning-for-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-based-object-3ubewbcb.pdf

Deep Learning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Object Detection and Tracking: A survey

Deep learning-based object detection in low-altitude UAV datasets: A survey

Soft Computing based object detection and tracking approaches: State-of-the-Art survey

Scaling up face masks detection with YOLO on a novel dataset

Law offenders take advantage of face masks to conceal their identities and in the present time of the COVID-19 pandemic wearing face masks is a new norm which makes it a daunting task for the investigation agencies to identify the offenders. To address the issue of detection of people wearing face masks using surveillance cameras, we propose a novel face mask vision system that is based on an improved tiny YOLO v4 object detector. The face masks detection network of the proposed vision system is developed by integrating tiny YOLO v4 with spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) module and additional YOLO detection layer and tested and validated on a self-created face masks detection dataset consisting of more than 50,000 images. The proposed tiny YOLO v4-SPP network achieved a mAP (mean average precision) value of 64.31% on the employed dataset which was 6.6% higher than tiny YOLO v4. Specifically, for detection of the presence of a small object like a face mask on the face region, the proposed tiny YOLO v4-SPP based vision system achieved an AP (average precision) of 84.42% which was 14.05% higher than the original tiny YOLO v4 thus, ensuring that the proposed network is capable of accurate detection of a mask on the face region in real-time surveillance applications where visibility of complete face area is a guideline.

/pdf/a-hybrid-tiny-yolo-v4-spp-module-based-improved-face-mask-3xwioqwfts.pdf

Akashdeep Sharma

Papers

Deep learning-based object detection in low-altitude UAV datasets: A survey

Soft Computing based object detection and tracking approaches: State-of-the-Art survey

Scaling up face masks detection with YOLO on a novel dataset

A hybrid tiny YOLO v4-SPP module based improved face mask detection vision system

IoT and deep learning-inspired multi-model framework for monitoring Active Fire Locations in Agricultural Activities