Metal Organic Frameworks in Biomedicine Patricia Horcajada,* Ruxandra Gref, Tarek Baati, Phoebe K. Allan, Guillaume Maurin, Patrick Couvreur, G erard F erey, Russell E. Morris, and Christian Serre* Institut Lavoisier, UMR CNRS 8180, Universit e de Versailles St-Quentin en Yvelines, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France Facult e de Pharmacie, UMR CNRS 8612, Universit e Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Universit e Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews Purdie Building, St Andrews, KY16 9ST U.K.

Metal-organic frameworks in biomedicine.

Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review.

The Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zeolites: History and Development from the Earliest Days to the Present Time

Highly efficient removal of metal ion pollutants, such as toxic and nuclear waste-related metal ions, remains a serious task from the biological and environmental standpoint because of their harmful effects on human health and the environment. Recently, highly porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with excellent chemical stability and abundant functional groups, have represented a new addition to the area of capturing various types of hazardous metal ion pollutants. This review focuses on recent progress in reported MOFs and MOF-based composites as superior adsorbents for the efficient removal of toxic and nuclear waste-related metal ions. Aspects related to the interaction mechanisms between metal ions and MOF-based materials are systematically summarized, including macroscopic batch experiments, microscopic spectroscopy analysis, and theoretical calculations. The adsorption properties of various MOF-based materials are assessed and compared with those of other widely used adsorbents. Finally, we propose our personal insights into future research opportunities and challenges in the hope of stimulating more researchers to engage in this new field of MOF-based materials for environmental pollution management.

Metal–organic framework-based materials: superior adsorbents for the capture of toxic and radioactive metal ions

The hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites: precursors, intermediates and reaction mechanism

This work examines the ability of commerical zeolite Y to act as a slow release agent for a number of anthelmintic drugs. Administration to rats, dosed with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, of pyrantel and/or fenbendazole and pigs, dosed with Ascaris and Oesophagostomum, of dichlorvos (DDVP) loaded onto zeolite Y was more sucessful in killing adult worms than administration of the pure drug alone. The zeolite Y was used as supplied for initial studies and then later dealuminated for further studies. The drug loadings were monitored by thermal analysis and the loaded zeolites were used in several field trials. The results indicate that zeolite Y is a suitable vehicle for the slow release of some anthelmintics. The slow release of drug from the zeolite matrix improved its efficacy.

The use of zeolites as slow release anthelmintic carriers.

The removal of trace caesium (137Cs), trace strontium (89Sr, 90Sr/90Y) and trace cobalt (57Co) from aqueous solution by synthetic sodium and potassium birnessites has been studied by a batch technique. Distribution coefficients were determined as a function of pH in four solutions: water, 0.005 M sodium tetraborate, 0.005 M sodium citrate and 0.0001 M EDTA. Other effects studied were increasing sodium ion, potassium ion and complexing agent concentration. Key synthesis parameters (ageing time, MnO4−/Mn2+ ratio) were tuned in order to maximise trace cobalt sorption efficiencies. The optimised material was tested for the removal of caesium, strontium and cobalt from a nuclear power plant floor drain simulant. A sodium birnessite sample was also screened for the removal of 63Ni, 54Mn, 59Fe, 65Zn and 236Pu radionuclides.

Sorption characteristics of radionuclides on synthetic birnessite-type layered manganese oxides

Antimony silicate ion exchangers were prepared by precipitation using two different procedures. A crystalline product with a pyrochlore structure (SbSi) was obtained by mixing SbCl5 in HCl with sodium silicate solution (pHfinal < 1) and heating it at 60 °C overnight. An amorphous material (KSbSi) formed when KSb(OH)6 was mixed with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in acidic conditions and heated overnight at 77 °C. In both cases the Sb∶Si molar ratio was 1∶1 in the starting mixture. The products showed high 85Sr selectivity in acidic conditions, distribution coefficients (KD) being 35 500 mL g−1 for SbSi and 19 700 mL g−1 for amorphous KSbSi in 0.1 M HNO3. They are very selective for 85Sr over a wide pH
range, making them superior to other strontium selective ion exchangers such as zeolites, sodium titanates and silicotitanates, which function effectively only in neutral or alkaline conditions. The antimony silicate products had also a high or reasonable selectivity for 57Co, 59Fe and 63Ni, but the selectivity for 134Cs was low. An attempt was made to increase the selectivity for 134Cs by doping the antimony silicates with Ti4+, Nb5+, Mo6+ or W6+. The best results were obtained by doping SbSi with W, which resulted in a 10-fold increase in caesium selectivity. The original pyrochlore structure was retained in the W-doped SbSi.

Uptake of 85Sr, 134Cs and 57Co by antimony silicates doped with Ti4+, Nb5+, Mo6+ and W6+

A modified population balance model for hydrothermal molecular sieve zeolite synthesis

Birnessite, a layered manganese oxide material, its corresponding cation-exchanged forms and their autoclaved samples were investigated for their ability to take up uranium using the batch method. Uranium sorption was also studied on these materials as a function of uranium solution pH. Batch distribution factor (Kd) and percentage sorption were used as selectivity factors to assess uranium sorption.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2002/jm/b108612j

Alan Dyer

Papers

The use of zeolites as slow release anthelmintic carriers.

Sorption characteristics of radionuclides on synthetic birnessite-type layered manganese oxides

Uptake of 85Sr, 134Cs and 57Co by antimony silicates doped with Ti4+, Nb5+, Mo6+ and W6+

A modified population balance model for hydrothermal molecular sieve zeolite synthesis

Sorption behaviour of uranium on birnessite, a layered manganese oxide