A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

/pdf/dna-sequencing-with-chain-terminating-inhibitors-t64rmetxr4.pdf

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. xiv. further purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase of escherichia coli.

A rapid nonradioactive approach to the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is described based on an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR). This method allows direct detection of the normal or the sickle cell beta-globin allele in genomic DNA without additional steps of probe hybridization, ligation, or restriction enzyme cleavage. Two allele-specific oligonucleotide primers, one specific for the sickle cell allele and one specific for the normal allele, together with another primer complementary to both alleles were used in the polymerase chain reaction with genomic DNA templates. The allele-specific primers differed from each other in their terminal 3' nucleotide. Under the proper annealing temperature and polymerase chain reaction conditions, these primers only directed amplification on their complementary allele. In a single blind study of DNA samples from 12 individuals, this method correctly and unambiguously allowed for the determination of the genotypes with no false negatives or positives. If ASPCR is able to discriminate all allelic variation (both transition and transversion mutations), this method has the potential to be a powerful approach for genetic disease diagnosis, carrier screening, HLA typing, human gene mapping, forensics, and paternity testing.

https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/86/8/2757.full.pdf

Allele-specific enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic DNA for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.

Enzymatic Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid XXXVI. A PROOFREADING FUNCTION FOR THE 3' → 5' EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITY IN DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID POLYMERASES

Compounds of the formula I in the form of the racemates or enantiomers thereof, ##STR1## in which R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are hydrogen or a protective group, and B is a purine or pyrimidine radical or an analogue thereof, can be used as antiviral active ingredients or for the preparation of biologically active oligonucleotides.

Alan F. Russell

Papers

Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXXIV. Termination of chain growth by a 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleotide

Reactions of 2-Acyloxyisobutyryl Halides with Nucleosides. 1V.l A Facile Synthesis of 2,3-Unsaturated Nucleosides Using Chromous Acetate

Reactions of 2-acyloxyisobutyryl halides with nucleosides. III. Reactions of tubercidin and formycin

Reactions of 2-acyloxyisobutyryl halides with nucleosides. V. Reactions with cytidine and its derivatives;.

Synthesis of some nucleotides derived from 3'-deoxythymidine.