Showing papers by "Alan H. Morris published in 1982"

Lung volumes in healthy nonsmoking adults.

Abstract: Total lung capacity (TLC), functional residual capacity, residual volume, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were measured in 245 healthy nonsmoking person (122 women, 123 men) using a single-breath helium technique. Prediction equations for lung volumes were generated by multiple linear regression. The resultant equations are similar to previously published equations using multiple-breath gas equilibration techniques. Measured 95% confidence intervals can be closely approximated by using two times the standard error of the estimate for each equation, but cannot be approximated by using +/- 20% of the predicted value. Radiographic TLC was not significantly different from the helium dilution TLC.

Reference values for pulmonary tissue volume, membrane diffusing capacity, and pulmonary capillary blood volume.

Abstract: Pulmonary tissue volume (Vti), carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, membrane diffusing capacity, pulmonary capillary blood flow and pulmonary capillary blood volume were measured in ninety (54 men and 36 women) healthy lifetime nonsmokers using an inert gas rebreathing technique. Prediction equations were generated using multiple linear regressions with height and age as the independent variables. Normalizing the data by dividing by functional residual capacity eliminated all sex differences. In contrast to the other variables, normalized pulmonary tissue volume did not correlate with any of the independent variables tested. Therefore, an average normalized Vti value can be recommended as a reference value

Lung water quantitation by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine quantitatively the water distribution of saline-filled and normal rat lungs in both isolated lung and in situ preparations. Regional lung edema was easily detected. Studies of an isolated lung fragment indicate an accuracy of better than 1 percent and images of H2O/D2O phantoms indicate an average error of 2.7 percent.

Computerized decision-making in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Abstract: Computers are now in widespread use in pulmonary function laboratories, where they have made an important contribution by assisting with complex and repetitive tasks. They can be used to acquire data from testing instruments, make measurements and calculations, and prepare reports. At LDS Hospital in Salt Lake City, we use the HELP (Health Evaluation through Logical Processing) Computer System for medical decision-making. As a result of our experience with this system, we have found six definable steps between data acquisition and data interpretation: (1) establish quality instrumentation, (2) establish adequate procedures for test performance, (3) standardize measurement and computational techniques, (4) determine the adequacy and reproducibility of results and apply a test selection, (5) identify the measurements to be used for interpretation, and (6) apply strategies that lead to consistent interpretation of results. Because spirometry and blood gas tests account for the major activities of our pulmonary function laboratory, we have applied these six steps necessary for computer decision-making to these two two tests; however, they are equally applicable to other tests in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Computerised Medical Decision-Making — An Evaluation in Acute Care

Abstract: We have developed methods which utilize the computer to gather and analyse clinical data on all patients in our hospital. If the patient data shows a life threatening result the computer automatically alerts the medical staff.1 We have evaluated this system and its clinical use over the past two years.