Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

Proceedings of world academy of science, engineering and technology, vol 8

History subject plays a vital role in instilling the spirits of patriotism among the students; to nourish and instill love and loyalty to one's country and to be a true citizen. The lack of creativity in history teaching caused process effectively and interestingly especially among young learners. Digital Game Based Learning (DGBL) approach utilizes the game as a medium for conveying learning contents. There are many models for educational games development which combined the Instructional Design (ID) and game development process. However, there is still a conflict on how to merge ID and game development effectively. Therefore, we looked into the pedagogy and game design aspects. We then propose a DGBL model for History educational games design and a development methodology which combined the ID and game development process, named DGBL-ID model. The DGBL-ID model consists of five phases: analysis, design, development, quality assurance as well as implementation and evaluation.

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Digital game-based learning (DGBL) model and development methodology for teaching history

Intrusion detection is frequently used as a second line of defense in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). In this paper we examine how to properly use classification methods in intrusion detection for MANETs. In order to do so we evaluate five supervised classification algorithms for intrusion detection on a number of metrics. We measure their performance on a dataset, described in this paper, which includes varied traffic conditions and mobility patterns for multiple attacks. One of our goals is to investigate how classification performance depends on the problem cost matrix. Consequently, we examine how the use of uniform versusweighted cost matrices affects classifier performance. A second goal is to examine techniques for tuning classifiers when unknown attack subtypes are expected during testing. Frequently, when classifiers are tuned using cross-validation, data from the same types of attacks are available in all folds. This differs from real-world employment where unknown types of attacks may be present. Consequently, we develop a sequential cross-validation procedure so that not all types of attacks will necessarily be present across all folds, in the hope that this would make the tuning of classifiers more robust. Our results indicate that weighted cost matrices can be used effectively with most statistical classifiers and that sequential cross-validation can have a small, but significant effect for certain types of classifiers.

/pdf/intrusion-detection-in-manet-using-classification-algorithms-1ilgicmelp.pdf

Intrusion detection in MANET using classification algorithms: The effects of cost and model selection

In order to improve and promote students' environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour, integrating environmental education into the primary education curriculum has become a key issue for environmental education. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate elementary school students' acceptance of technology applying digital game-based learning (DGBL) to environmental education. A total of 32 fourth graders in an elementary school participated in a seven-week DGBL teaching experiment. After the experimental teaching session, a survey concerning "perceived ease of use", "perceived usefulness", and "user intentions" was conducted. The results show that the DGBL system is suitable for both genders at all levels of experience. In addition, the 4th grade students' "perceived ease of use", "perceived usefulness", "attitudes toward use", and "intention to use" reveal a high degree of positive and significant correlations. Furthermore, a path analysis verifies that DGBL acceptance will be directly influenced by a learner's "attitude toward use" and "perceived usefulness." Finally, when designing DGBL for 4th graders, the rich learning content and ease of use should be taken into account because they significantly contribute to a learner's intention to use the system, which may result in greater learning effectiveness.

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Investigating elementary school students' technology acceptance by applying digital game-based learning to environmental education

Collaborative learning outside the classroom is vital for many educational disciplines. Three educational scenarios held outdoors are analysed. In the first scenario, students investigate the ancient architecture, archaeological artefacts and historical location at an archaeological site. In the second scenario, students investigate the environmental and natural resource management, endangered species and flora at a national forest. The third scenario describes collaborative game-based learning at outdoors. Multicast Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are employed to support students' communication and collaboration. Simulation results show the feasibility of multicast MANETs to support students' communication and collaboration during these three outdoor educational scenarios.

/pdf/mobile-collaborative-learning-using-multicast-manets-4zax4lkoq8.pdf

Mobile collaborative learning using multicast MANETs

Disaster relief, education, and military are common situations where mobile nodes need to communicate in areas without any preexisting infrastructure. In these situations, MANETs (Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks) are used. When these nodes need one-to-many or many-to-many communication then multicasting is employed. Two of the best multicast protocols, MAODV (Multicast Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol) and ODMRP (On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol), are compared. The performance measures to be evaluated are the PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) and the Latency. Previous studies evaluate these algorithms with respect to the network traffic and the node speed. This study evaluates these algorithms with respect to the network traffic, the node speed, as well as the area and the antenna range for different simulation scenarios. MAODV performs better for high traffic. ODMRP performs better for large areas and high node speeds and poorer for small antenna ranges.

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Evaluation of Multicasting Algorithms in Manets

Game-based learning has been widely adopted for children's learning. By playing games, children may develop fantasy, curiosity, challenge and control. Moreover, game-based learning has been adopted by several universities and lifelong learning projects. Introducing game-based learning at outdoor educational activities would benefit learning. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) would be used to support collaborative learning at any outdoor environment without the need for preinstalled infrastructure. Simulations are run to measure important performance and reliability factors. The results certify that MANETs can support outdoor game-based learning.

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Game-based learning using MANETs

Environmental monitoring is important for life sustainability. Continuous measurements of environmental parameters may help to prevent and cope with environmental damages. Sensors that measure environment’s conditions may be placed at appropriate locations and transmit environmental data. In a case of emergency, environmentalist rush to the affected area to analyze the problem and take appropriate actions. They have to communicate among themselves and collect data from the sensors. This paper proposes the use of MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks) to support the communications among sensors and environmentalists. Simulation results show that MANETs can support reliable communications.

/pdf/manets-for-environmental-monitoring-50onig92u9.pdf

MANETs for environmental monitoring

Traditional teaching methods fall behind in many factors such as collaborative learning creativity etc. In this paper we analyze the benefi ts of collaborative learning. Furthermore we analyze an educational trip to an archaeological site, and propose a new approach to these outdoor activities, using collaborative learning. For the implementatio n of our scenario we use Mobile Ad Hoc Networks technology. We simulate our proposal in order to see if MANET is suitable to our scenario.

/pdf/manet-based-outdoor-collaborative-learning-2jmcti3jiq.pdf

Alexandros Vasiliou

Papers

Mobile collaborative learning using multicast MANETs

Evaluation of Multicasting Algorithms in Manets

Game-based learning using MANETs

MANETs for environmental monitoring

MANET -based outdoor collaborative learning