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Table Of Integrals Series And Products

What is index modulation (IM)? This is an interesting question that we have started to hear more and more frequently over the past few years. The aim of this paper is to answer this question in a comprehensive manner by covering not only the basic principles and emerging variants of IM, but also reviewing the most recent as well as promising advances in this field toward the application scenarios foreseen in next-generation wireless networks. More specifically, we investigate three forms of IM: spatial modulation, channel modulation and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with IM, which consider the transmit antennas of a multiple-input multiple-output system, the radio frequency mirrors (parasitic elements) mounted at a transmit antenna and the subcarriers of an OFDM system for IM techniques, respectively. We present the up-to-date advances in these three promising frontiers and discuss possible future research directions for IM-based schemes toward low-complexity, spectrum- and energy-efficient next-generation wireless networks.

Index Modulation Techniques for Next-Generation Wireless Networks

In studying the performance of coded communications over memoryless channels (with or without fading), the results are given as upper bounds on the average bit error probability (BEP). In principle, there are three different approaches to arriving at these bounds, all of which employ obtaining the so-called pairwise error probability , or the probability of choosing one symbol sequence over another for a given pair of possible transmitted symbol sequences, followed by a weighted summation over all pairwise events. In this chapter, we will focus on the results obtained from the third approach since these provide the tightest upper bounds on the true performance. The first emphasis will be placed on evaluating the pairwise error probability with and without CSI, following which we shall discuss how the results of these evaluations can be used via the transfer bound approach to evaluate average BEP of coded modulation transmitted over the fading channel.

Coded Communication over Fading Channels

Spatial modulation (SM) is an innovative and promising digital modulation technology that strikes an appealing tradeoff between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency with a simple design philosophy. SM enjoys plenty of benefits and shows great potential to fulfill the requirements of future wireless communications. The key idea behind SM is to convey additional information typically through the ON/OFF states of transmit antennas and simultaneously save the implementation cost by reducing the number of radio-frequency chains. As a result, the SM concept can have widespread effects on diverse applications and can be applied in other signal domains, such as frequency/time/code/angle domain or even across multiple domains. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the latest results and progresses in SM research. Specifically, the fundamental principles, variants of system design, and enhancements of SM are described in detail. Furthermore, the integration of the SM family with other promising techniques, applications to emerging communication systems, and extensions to new signal domains are also extensively studied.

A Survey on Spatial Modulation in Emerging Wireless Systems: Research Progresses and Applications

In fifth generation wireless networks, the escalating teletraffic and energy consumption has necessitated the development of green communication techniques in order to further enhance both the system’s spectral efficiency and energy efficiency In the past few years, the novel index modulation (IM) has emerged as a promising technology that is widely employed in wireless communications In this paper, we present a survey on IM in order to provide the readers with a better understanding of its principles, advantages, and potential applications We start with a comprehensive literature review, where the concept of IM is introduced, and various existing IM schemes are classified according to their signal domains, including the frequency domain, spatial domain, time domain and channel domain Then the principles of different IM-aided systems are detailed, where the transceiver design is illustrated, followed by descriptions of typical systems and corresponding performance evaluation A range of challenges and open issues on IM are discussed before we conclude this survey

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Novel Index Modulation Techniques: A Survey

In this paper, we use joint distributed beamforming and cooperative relaying in cognitive radio relay networks in an effort to enhance the spectrum efficiency and improve the performance of the cognitive (secondary) system. In particular, we consider a spectrum sharing system where a set of potential relays are employed to help a pair of secondary users in the presence of a licensed (primary) user. Among the available relays, only the reliable ones participate in the beamforming process, where the beamformer weights are obtained based on a linear optimization method. We investigate two well-known strategies, namely, selection decode-and-forward (SDF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying in conjunction with distributed optimal beamforming. However, given the complexity of the performance analysis with optimal beamforming, we use zero forcing beamforming (ZFB), and compare both approaches through simulations. In this context, for SDF, we derive expressions for the probability density function (PDF) of the received signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) at the relays as well as at the secondary destination. As for the AF scheme, we obtain the exact expression for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and the moment generating function (MGF) of the equivalent end-to-end SNR at the secondary destination. For both schemes, we derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability and bit error rate (BER) over independent and identically distributed Rayleigh fading channels for binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) schemes. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme in improving the outage and BER performance of the secondary system while limiting the interference to the primary system. In addition, the results show the effectiveness of the combination of the cooperative diversity and distributed beamforming in compensating for the loss in the secondary system's performance due to the primary user's co-channel interference (CCI).

On the Performance of Cooperative Relaying Spectrum-Sharing Systems with Collaborative Distributed Beamforming

Quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is a recent digital multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission technique. Combined with cooperative relaying, QSM improves the overall spectral efficiency and enhances the communication reliability. This letter studies the performance of QSM amplify-and forward cooperative relaying systems. In particular, a closed-form expression for the average pair-wise error probability of the cooperative system is derived, which is used to calculate a tight upper bound of the average bit error probability (ABEP) over Rayleigh fading. In addition, a simple approximate, yet accurate expression is derived and analyzed asymptotically. Simulation results, which corroborate the numerical ones, show the effectiveness of combined QSM and cooperative relaying in improving the overall system performance.

Performance of Quadrature Spatial Modulation in Amplify-and-Forward Cooperative Relaying

This paper studies the recent novel multiple-input multiple-output transmission technique called quadrature spatial modulation (QSM), in underlay cognitive radio (CR) systems. In particular, a multi-antenna secondary transmitter (ST) communicates with a multi-antenna secondary receiver (SR) in the presence of a primary receiver (PR). Considering only the statistical knowledge of the ST-PR channel gain, the QSM-CR scheme is investigated using a mean value (MV)-based power allocation strategy referred to as MV-based scheme. Furthermore, assuming that the ST-PR channel gain is perfectly known, the QSM-CR scheme is investigated using a power allocation method based on instantaneous channel state information (CSI), referred to as CSI-based scheme. In each scheme, considering imperfect ST-SR channel estimation, we study the secondary system performance, where closed-form expressions for the average pairwise error probability ( $\rm \overline {PEP}$ ) are derived over Rayleigh fading channels. A tight upper bounded average bit error rate is obtained using the derived $\rm \overline {PEP}$ expression. Moreover, simple approximate expressions are obtained to get insights on the system diversity and channel estimation errors’ effects. Numerical results, which match with simulations, illustrate the robustness of QSM in enhancing the overall system performance in the presence of estimation errors.

Quadrature Spatial Modulation in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems With Imperfect Channel Estimation and Limited Feedback

In this paper, we use a distributed Zero Forcing Beamforming (ZFB) method in cognitive radio relay networks in an effort to enhance the spectrum efficiency and improve the performance of the cognitive (secondary) system. In particular, we consider a spectrum sharing system where a set of decode-and-forward (DF) relays are employed to help a pair of secondary users in the presence of a licensed (primary) user. In this context, we derive expressions for the probability density functions (PDFs) of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the relays as well as at the secondary destination. We also derive closed form expressions for the outage and bit error rate (BER) probabilities over independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channels. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of beamforming in improving the outage and BER performance.

http://wirelesslab.ca/File/pdf_files/conf/C191.pdf

Cooperative relaying in spectrum-sharing systems with beamforming and interference constraints

This letter investigates spatial modulation (SM) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) spectrum-sharing systems in an effort to improve the overall spectral efficiency. Specifically, we study the secondary system performance adopting the SM technique under mutual primary-secondary interferences and channel estimation errors (CEEs). With limited feedback from the primary receiver, a closed-form expression for the average pairwise error probability, a tight upper bounded average bit error rate expression, and an approximate simple, yet accurate expression are derived over Rayleigh fading channels. Simulation results, which corroborate the numerical ones, show the importance of SM in improving the overall secondary performance and its robustness to CEEs.

Ali Afana

Papers

On the Performance of Cooperative Relaying Spectrum-Sharing Systems with Collaborative Distributed Beamforming

Performance of Quadrature Spatial Modulation in Amplify-and-Forward Cooperative Relaying

Quadrature Spatial Modulation in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems With Imperfect Channel Estimation and Limited Feedback

Cooperative relaying in spectrum-sharing systems with beamforming and interference constraints

Spatial Modulation in MIMO Limited-Feedback Spectrum-Sharing Systems With Mutual Interference and Channel Estimation Errors