[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an independent organization devoted to the development of standards.

American Society for Testing and Materials

Remediation of wastewater using various nano-materials

All-Polyolefin Composites Markus Stürzel,† Shahram Mihan,‡ and Rolf Mülhaupt*,†,§ †Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 31, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany ‡Basell Polyolefine GmbH, Catalyst Systems, Industriepark Hoechst, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Sustainability Center Freiburg, Ecker-Strasse 4, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany

From Multisite Polymerization Catalysis to Sustainable Materials and All-Polyolefin Composites

Dynamic covalent polymer networks (DCPN) have historically attracted attention for their unique roles in chemical recycling and self-healing, which are both relevant for sustainable societal development. Efforts in these directions have intensified in the past decade with notable progress in newly discovered dynamic covalent chemistry, fundamental material concepts, and extension toward emerging applications including energy and electronic devices. Beyond that, the values of DCPN in discovering/designing functional properties not offered by classical thermoplastic and thermoset polymers have recently gained traction. In particular, the dynamic bond exchangeability of DCPN has shown unparalleled design versatility in various areas including shape-shifting materials/devices, artificial muscles, and microfabrication. Going beyond this basic bond exchangeability, various molecular mechanisms to manipulate network topologies (topological transformation) have led to opportunities to program polymers, with notable concepts such as living networks and topological isomerization. In this review, we provide an overview of the above progress with particular focuses on molecular design strategies for the exploitation of functional material properties. Based on this, we point out the remaining issues and offer perspectives on how this class of materials can shape the future in ways that are complementary with classical thermoplastic and thermoset polymers.

Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks: A Molecular Platform for Designing Functions beyond Chemical Recycling and Self-Healing.

http://www.saetaequina.com/files/1-s2_0-S0950061811006763-main.pdf

A simple review of soil reinforcement by using natural and synthetic fibers

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/app.46265

Recent advances in core/shell bicomponent fibers and nanofibers: A review

There have been a number of review papers on layered silicate and carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposites, in which the fillers have high aspect ratios. Particulate-polymer nanocomposites containing aerogel with extremely low density, large open pores, and high surface area are also an important class of polymer nanocomposites. Thus, this article provides an overview on the effect of aerogel on mechanical and thermal properties of polymer-based nanocomposites. Moreover, the preparation, history, classification, and characteristics of the aerogel are addressed. Among the polymer-aerogel nanocomposites, various categories including silica and carbon aerogel-polymer nanocomposites were discussed in detail. POLYM. COMPOS., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

A review on aerogel: 3D nanoporous structured fillers in polymer‐based nanocomposites

Molecular weight is an important factor in the processing of polymer materials, and it should be well controlled to obtain desired physical properties in final products for end-use applications. Degradation processes of all kinds, including hydrolytic, thermal, and oxidative deg- radations, cause chain scission in macromolecules and a reduction in molecular weight. The main purpose of this research is to illustrate the importance of degradation in the drying of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) before process- ing and the loss of weight and mechanical properties in textile materials during washing. Several techniques were used to investigate the hydrolytic degradation of PET and its effect on changes in molecular weight. Hydrolytic condi- tions were used to expose fiber-grade PET chips in water at 85°C for different periods of time. Solution viscometry and end-group analysis were used as the main methods for determining the extent of degradation. The experimental results show that PET is susceptible to hydrolysis. Also, we that as the time of retention in hydrolytic condition in- creased, the molecular weight decreases, but the rate of chain cleavage decreased to some extent, at which point there was no more sensible degradation. The obtained mois- ture content data confirmed the end-group analysis and viscometry results. Predictive analytical relationships for the estimation of the extent of degradation based on solution viscosity and end-group analysis are presented. © 2006 Wiley

Hydrolytic degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

In this research, the influence of adding -cellulose powder to styrene- butadiene rubber (SBR) com- pounds was investigated. Physicomechanical properties of SBR--cellulose composites, including tensile strength, elongation, Young's modulus, tear strength, hardness, abra- sion, resilience, and compression set, before and after age- ing, were determined and analyzed. Young's modulus, hardness, and compression set increased and elongation and resilience decreased with increasing -cellulose loading in the composites, whereas tensile strength, tear strength, and abrasion resistance initially increased at low -cellulose con- centration (5 phr), after which these properties decreased with increasing -cellulose content. Lower loadings of -cel- lulose (5 phr) showed better results than higher loadings, given that tensile strength, tear strength, and abrasion resis- tance increased at low -cellulose concentration. Theoretical prediction of elastic modulus was carried out using rule of mixtures, Hashin, Kerner, and Halpin-Tsai equations. Cal- culated results show that these equations are not suitable for accurate prediction for the work carried out. However, these models can be used with confidence for the prediction of elastic modulus because experimental results are higher than the calculated values. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2203-2211, 2005

Ali Zadhoush

Papers

A simple review of soil reinforcement by using natural and synthetic fibers

Recent advances in core/shell bicomponent fibers and nanofibers: A review

A review on aerogel: 3D nanoporous structured fillers in polymer‐based nanocomposites

Hydrolytic degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Physicomechanical properties of α‐cellulose–filled styrene–butadiene rubber composites