다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

http://www.klinikaikozpont.u-szeged.hu/pedia/images/pdf/CME_TEL/Full-Text/25.pdf

The Hallmarks of Aging

Biological effects of essential oils - A review

Irrespective of the morphological features of end-stage cell death (that may be apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic, or mitotic), mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) is frequently the decisive event that delimits the frontier between survival and death. Thus mitochondrial membranes constitute the battleground on which opposing signals combat to seal the cell's fate. Local players that determine the propensity to MMP include the pro- and antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, proteins from the mitochondrialpermeability transition pore complex, as well as a plethora of interacting partners including mitochondrial lipids. Intermediate metabolites, redox processes, sphingolipids, ion gradients, transcription factors, as well as kinases and phosphatases link lethal and vital signals emanating from distinct subcellular compartments to mitochondria. Thus mitochondria integrate a variety of proapoptotic signals. Once MMP has been induced, it causes the release of catabolic hydrolases and activators of such enzymes (including those of caspases) from mitochondria. These catabolic enzymes as well as the cessation of the bioenergetic and redox functions of mitochondria finally lead to cell death, meaning that mitochondria coordinate the late stage of cellular demise. Pathological cell death induced by ischemia/reperfusion, intoxication with xenobiotics, neurodegenerative diseases, or viral infection also relies on MMP as a critical event. The inhibition of MMP constitutes an important strategy for the pharmaceutical prevention of unwarranted cell death. Conversely, induction of MMP in tumor cells constitutes the goal of anticancer chemotherapy.

Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization in Cell Death

Mitochondria and reactive oxygen species.

Mitochondrial damage induced by conditions of oxidative stress

https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1016/S0014-5793%2801%2902316-X

Mitochondrial permeability transition and oxidative stress.

Tissue-, substrate-, and site-specific characteristics of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation.

There is an emerging consensus that pharmacological opening of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion damage; however, there are widely di...

https://www.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.2.H649

Alicia J. Kowaltowski

Papers

Mitochondria and reactive oxygen species.

Mitochondrial damage induced by conditions of oxidative stress

Mitochondrial permeability transition and oxidative stress.

Tissue-, substrate-, and site-specific characteristics of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation.

Bioenergetic consequences of opening the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel of heart mitochondria.