THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Evaluating the quality of medical care.

There are two kinds of tutorial articles: those that provide a primer on an established topic and those that let us in on the ground floor of something of emerging importance. The first type of tutorial can have a noted expert who has been gracious (and brave) enough to write a field guide about a particular topic. The other sort of tutorial typically involves researchers who have each been laboring on a topic for some years. Both sorts of tutorial articles are very much desired. But we, as an editorial board for both Systems and Transactions, know that there has been no logical place for them in the AESS until this series was started several years ago. With these tutorials, we hope to continue to give them a home, a welcome, and provide a service to our membership. We do not intend to publish tutorials on a regular basis, but we hope to deliver them once or twice per year. We need and welcome good, useful tutorial articles (both kinds) in relevant AESS areas. If you, the reader, can offer a topic of interest and an author to write about it, please contact us. Self-nominations are welcome, and even more ideal is a suggestion of an article that the editor(s) can solicit. All articles will be reviewed in detail. Criteria on which they will be judged include their clarity of presentation, relevance, and likely audience, and, of course, their correctness and scientific merit. As to the mathematical level, the articles in this issue are a good guide: in each case the author has striven to explain complicated topics in simple-well, tutorial-terms. There should be no (or very little) novel material: the home for archival science is the Transactions Magazine, and submissions that need to be properly peer reviewed would be rerouted there. Likewise, articles that are interesting and descriptive, but lack significant tutorial content, ought more properly be submitted to the Systems Magazine.

What is a tutorial

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/94273/idj12007.pdf;sequence=1

Minimal intervention dentistry for managing dental caries - a review: report of a FDI task group.

An adequate dentition is of importance for well-being and life quality. Despite advances in preventive dentistry, edentulism is still a major public health problem worldwide. In this narrative review, we provide a perspective on the pathways that link oral to general health. A better understanding of disease indicators is necessary for establishing a solid strategy through an organized oral health care system to prevent and treat this morbid chronic condition.

/pdf/the-impact-of-edentulism-on-oral-and-general-health-9i4m9vt206.pdf

The Impact of Edentulism on Oral and General Health

Objetivo: Evaluar la actuacion de los tecnicos de enfermeria de la Asociacion de Beneficencia Paulo de Tarso, en relacion a las practicas de higiene bucal/protesis, y factores asociados a la realizacion o no de estos procedimientos en los pacientes imposibilitados para realizarla. Materiales y Metodos: Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de un cuestionario aplicado a todos los tecnicos de enfermeria, sometidos a analisis descriptivo y comparado por medio del test Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: La edad de los participantes es de 21 a 56 anos; la mayoria de ellos mujeres (72,2%). Hubo una mayor frecuencia de profesionales con 12 anos de estudio (83,3%), con tiempo de experiencia de hasta 5 anos 48,1%, y la mayoria trabajaba solamente en esta institucion (61,1%) en el turno diurno (57,4%). Declararon tener a su cuidado hasta 7 pacientes dependientes 74.1% y 25.9% declararon tener mas de 7. La mayoria, 92.6%, afirmaron haber recibido instruccion sobre higiene bucal, y sobre protesis 83.3%, pero 51,9% no realizan tales actividades. Conclusiones: La sobrecarga y el turno de trabajo interfieren en la realizacion de la higiene bucal y de protesis por los tecnicos de enfermeria en los ancianos dependientes.

/pdf/la-actuacion-del-equipo-de-enfermeria-en-la-higiene-bucal-de-4hotzducfj.pdf

La actuación del equipo de enfermería en la higiene bucal de los ancianos dependientes hospitalizados

Control de la enfermedad periodontal y caries en gestantes

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar, clinica e microbiologicamente, 44 sitios em 11 pacientes com periodontite cronica generalizada. IP, IG, SS, PS e NI foram registrados. Amostras de placa subgengival foram colhidas nos mesmos sitios para cultivo de bacterias anaerobias e determinacao dos morfotipos microbianos por MCE. Os registros clinicos e estudos microbiologicos foram tomados no "baseline" e 4 semanas apos a incorporacao em um programa de controle de placa e calculo supragengival. A analise microbiologica categorizou o grau de desenvolvimento em: 0 - nao detectado, 1 - escasso, 2 - moderado e 3 - abundante. Os registros clinicos no "baseline" e dia 28 foram: IP - 1,73 ± 0,10 e 0,30 ± 0,08, IG - 1,73 ± 0,08 e 1,41 ± 0,08, SS - 0,91 ± 0,04 e 0,59 ± 0,07, PS - 6,43 ± 0,20 e 5,77 ± 0,25, NI - 6,86 ± 0,32 e 6,52 ± 0,34, respectivamente. A reducao do IP, IG, SS e PS foi significativa. Nao foram registradas diferencas significativas no NI. As proporcoes relativas dos morfotipos bacterianos observados por MCE no "baseline" e dia 28 foram: celulas cocoideas - 21,16 ± 3,77 e 36,00 ± 4,66, bacilos moveis - 44,86 ± 2,65 e 39,50 ± 2,64, treponemas totais - 24,66 ± 3,08 e 19,25 ± 2,75. No "baseline" e no dia 28 foi observado: Pi/n - 1,36 ± 0,18 e 0,43 ± 0,11, Pg - 0,48 ± 0,16 e 0,32 ± 0,13, Aa - 0,23 ± 0,09 e 0,23 ± 0,10, Fusobacterium nucleatum - 0,32 ± 0,14 e 0,41 ± 0,13 e peptostreptococos - 0,82 ± 0,19 e 0,54 ± 0,16, respectivamente. Houve um aumento significativo das celulas cocoideas, diminuicao de treponemas e de Pi/n.

/pdf/efeito-do-controle-da-placa-supragengival-sobre-a-microflora-4k4ht1yj2p.pdf

Efeito do controle da placa supragengival sobre a microflora subgengival e tecidos periodontais

Objective: This study described the adverse reactions that occurred in patients during radiotherapy combined or not with chemotherapy, and assessed their po...

/pdf/associacoes-entre-fatores-de-risco-e-complicacoes-bucais-em-2ppastnwui.pdf

Associações entre fatores de risco e complicações bucais em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço tratados com radioterapia associada ou não à quimioterapia

This study evaluated the activities of dentists, dental care and oral hygiene practices in the long-term care institutions of Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil). A semi-structured questionnaire was handed out to the coordinators of 37 philanthropic and 30 private institutions. The data was compared by the chi-square and Fisher's Exact Tests. 81% of the questionnaires were answered. The majority of the private (74.2%) and philanthropic institutions (87%) do not have a dentist (p=0.21). The location, period of existence, type institution kind and number of residents weren't factors regarding the presence of a dentist (p>0.05). 67% of the philanthropic institutions with equipped consultation rooms had dentists, though there were none when there was no consultation room. Even without consultation rooms, 13% of the private institutions had dentists. When necessary, 69.6% of the philanthropic institutions refer the elderly to public health centers, while 58.1% of the private institutions refer them to their family dentists. A higher percentage of the private institutions adopted systematic oral hygiene procedures (p=0.01), with a considerable divergence of treatment reported. There is a need to include a dentist on the health staff in the institutions and for systematization of oral hygiene practices.

https://www.scielosp.org/pdf/csc/2011.v16n4/2323-2333/pt

Allyson Nogueira Moreira

Papers

La actuación del equipo de enfermería en la higiene bucal de los ancianos dependientes hospitalizados

Control de la enfermedad periodontal y caries en gestantes

Efeito do controle da placa supragengival sobre a microflora subgengival e tecidos periodontais

Associações entre fatores de risco e complicações bucais em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço tratados com radioterapia associada ou não à quimioterapia

[Dental care and oral hygiene practices in long-term geriatric care institutions].