Amanda Prince

TL;DR: It is concluded that within the first 6 weeks of life, the infant microbiota undergoes substantial reorganization, which is primarily driven by body site and not by mode of delivery.

TL;DR: It is reported that a high-fat maternal or postnatal diet, but not obesity per se, structures the offspring’s intestinal microbiome in Macaca fuscata (Japanese macaque), and the resultant microbial dysbiosis is only partially corrected by a low-fat, control diet after weaning.

TL;DR: Similar to the primate, independent of maternal body mass index, a maternal high-fat diet is associated with distinct changes in the neonatal gut microbiome at birth which persist through 4–6 weeks of age, and underscore the importance of counseling pregnant mothers on macronutrient consumption during pregnancy and lactation.

TL;DR: Examining the differences in the placental membrane microbiome in association with PTB in both the presence and absence of chorioamnionitis and/or funisitis using state-of-the-science whole-genome shotgun metagenomics revealed significant variation in distinct bacterial metabolic pathways, which are speculated to contribute to risk of preterm birth with and without severe chorioamsionitis.

TL;DR: The body of literature that supports the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Hypothesis is reviewed, as well as work in relevant animal models demonstrating associations with maternal gestational nutrition and the offspring gut microbiome that may influence offspring physiology and susceptibility to disease is highlighted.