Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

An overview of the self-organizing map algorithm, on which the papers in this issue are based, is presented in this article.

The Self-Organizing Map

Many current neurophysiological, psychophysical, and psychological approaches to vision rest on the idea that when we see, the brain produces an internal representation of the world. The activation of this internal representation is assumed to give rise to the experience of seeing. The problem with this kind of approach is that it leaves unexplained how the existence of such a detailed internal representation might produce visual consciousness. An alternative proposal is made here. We propose that seeing is a way of acting. It is a particular way of exploring the environment. Activity in internal representations does not generate the experience of seeing. The outside world serves as its own, external, representation. The experience of seeing occurs when the organism masters what we call the governing laws of sensorimotor contingency. The advantage of this approach is that it provides a natural and principled way of accounting for visual consciousness, and for the differences in the perceived quality of sensory experience in the different sensory modalities. Several lines of empirical evidence are brought forward in support of the theory, in particular: evidence from experiments in sensorimotor adaptation, visual \"filling in,\" visual stability despite eye movements, change blindness, sensory substitution, and color perception.

A sensorimotor account of vision and visual consciousness-Authors' Response-Acting out our sensory experience

Internet of Things (IoT), mobile cloud, cloudlet, mobile IoT, IoT cloud, fog, mobile edge, and edge emerging computing paradigms: Disambiguation and research directions

The health sciences are, nowadays, one of the major application areas for case-based reasoning (CBR). The paper presents a survey of recent medical CBR systems based on a literature review and an e-mail questionnaire sent to the corresponding authors of the papers where these systems are presented. Some clear trends have been identified, such as multipurpose systems: more than half of the current medical CBR systems address more than one task. Research on CBR in the area is growing, but most of the systems are still prototypes and not available in the market as commercial products. However, many of the projects/systems are intended to be commercialized.

Case-Based Reasoning Systems in the Health Sciences: A Survey of Recent Trends and Developments

The context of this work is the study of sequential data that can be represented with sequences of timestamped events. The aim is to explore these sequences with sequence mining to discover serial episodes which are frequent event subsequences that occur frequently in data (Mannila et al., 1997). The domain of melodic analysis is studied in this work : the aim is to highlight the structure of a musical piece by discovering its main melodic patterns. The episodes produced by the miner are examined by a user generally an expert of the domain who have to identify relevant episodes and interpret them. Meanwhile in the interpretation step, the user has to face to a recurrent overabundance of mining's results which makes difficult the identification of interesting ones. There is a real need to adopt a rigorous approach to methodically manage this step and assist the user's work. For this, we propose a visual and interactive approach to assist the interpretation of serial episodes. An Interactive approach to the interpretation of serial episodes We propose to assist the interpretation task by managing combinatorial redundancy in order to focus on relevant episodes. The assistance combines iteratively ranking and filtering useless episodes to help focusing on relevant ones. It has been exemplified in the Transmute prototype, a web-based application enabling user's interaction with events sequences and serial episodes that are represented graphically on a timeline with customisable icons. The interpretation process consists in the main iterative steps : ranking, selection and filtering. The user can choose measures to rank episodes and then select among them to display their occurrences in the sequence. When a choice is made, a filtering process is triggered to clean up other episodes that can no longer be selected following the previous selections of the user. Finally, the user can interpret the episodes by attaching them annotations and record the model resulting from the interpretation into a knowledge base. The ranking of episodes is performed thanks to several objective interestingness measures which estimate the relative importance and compactness of the episodes in the sequence. The first measure is the event coverage indicator which is the number of distinct events of the occurrences of an episode. The second measure is the spreading indicator which is the number of events of the sequence in the time intervals of the episode occurrences. The noise indicator is the difference between these two previous indicators and corresponds to the number of events of the sequence in the time intervals of the episode occurrences. Temporal measures may also be used when event duration are known. The selection of an episode by the user triggers the filtering process which is based on the event coverage of the selected episode. The remaining episodes are examined and occurrences having at least an event in common with the event coverage are discarded. The support is consequently updated and episodes whose support becomes less than the given frequency threshold are discarded. This results in removing combinatorial redundancy around the chosen episode and leads to a gradual diminution of the remaining episodes, allowing to the user a better focus on other episodes.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02329658/document

Interactive Interpretation of Serial Episodes: experiments in musical analysis.

Cet article presente une demarche pour concevoir et implementer un systeme d’authentification des utilisateurs dans les plates-formes web de formations certifiantes. Le systeme que nous proposons s’appuie sur deux modules : l’un combinant intelligemment differentes methodes d’authentification connues, en fonction de leur disponibilite, et l’autre proposant une nouvelle approche d’authentification des utilisateurs a partir de leurs traces d’interaction. Ce systeme sera integre dans la plate-forme de formation en ligne concue et developpee par la societe Ignition Factory 2 . Dans cet article, nous presentons nos travaux preliminaires pour la definition de l’architecture de ce systeme, ainsi que l’etat de l’art des methodes d’authentification que nous avons realise.

Authentification d'un utilisateur à partir de ses traces d’interaction

Knowledge acquisition is a crucial problem for the design of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs). To overcome this problem, authoring tools have been proposed. Over two dozen of authoring tools have been built since the earliest days of ITS, but each of them focuses on a particular kind of ITSs such as constraint-based tutors or model-tracing tutors. In the context of the AMBRE project, we are interested in ITSs teaching problem-solving methods. Such ITSs enable learners to acquire a specific method in problem-solving. Despite of the variety of existing authoring tools, these tools do not meet our needs either because approach adopted do not match to AMBRE principle or because they do not allow to represent all knowledge needed to design an AMBRE ITS. We propose AMBRE-KB, an authoring tool to help authors to elicit knowledge needed for the design of AMBRE ITSs. This tool supports the acquisition of knowledge to be taught, and the description of problems to be solved. We present the authoring process and illustrate it using French verb conjugation domain. A preliminary evaluation shows that AMBRE-KB is successful in producing domains models but more thorough evaluation is planned.

An Authoring Tool to Elicit Knowledge to be Taught without Programming

Gesture-based interfaces allow instinctive use of applications
but are often limited by their arbitrary conguration. To overcome this
problem, we propose to design adaptive systems able to negotiate new
gestures with users. To facilitate the negotiation we propose to use Trace-
Based Reasoning. In this article, we present a framework to collect and
reuse traces in a gesture-based environment.

/pdf/intelligent-interactions-artificial-intelligence-and-motion-46od5vyzu0.pdf

Intelligent Interactions: Artificial Intelligence and Motion Capture for Negotiation of Gestural Interactions

L'etape d'adaptation est souvent consideree comme le talon d'Achille du raisonnement a partir de cas car elle necessite des connaissances specifiques au domaine d'application qui sont difficiles a acquerir. Dans ce papier, deux strategies sont combinees pour faciliter la tâche d'acquisition de connaissances d'adaptation : les connaissances d'adaptation sont apprises a partir de la base de cas par des techniques d'extraction de connaissances, et l'acquisition de connaissances d'adaptation est declenchee de maniere opportuniste au cours d'une session particuliere de resolution de problemes.

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00411509/document

Amélie Cordier

Papers

Interactive Interpretation of Serial Episodes: experiments in musical analysis.

Authentification d'un utilisateur à partir de ses traces d’interaction

An Authoring Tool to Elicit Knowledge to be Taught without Programming

Intelligent Interactions: Artificial Intelligence and Motion Capture for Negotiation of Gestural Interactions

D´ ecouverte opportuniste de connaissances d'adaptation