Showing papers by "Andrew J. Martin published in 2003"
TL;DR: Here, a direct correlation between the lengths of the CDRs and the nature of the antigen is made and significant differences in the residue composition of theCDRs of antibodies that bind to different antigen classes are shown.
257 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the fear of failure from a need achievement perspective and in the context of research amongst high school and university students, and found that it can be separable from need achievement.
Abstract: Fear of failure is examined from a need achievement perspective and in the context of research amongst high school and university students. Theory and data suggest that fear of failure can be separ...
206 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined the refined Student Motivation Scale applied to a sample of 2561 Australian high school students and found that six motivation boosters and four motivati cators were used to boost students' motivation.
Abstract: This study examines the refined Student Motivation Scale applied to a sample of 2561 Australian high school students. The Student Motivation Scale measures six motivation boosters and four motivati...
173 citations
TL;DR: For instance, the authors found that self-handicapping and defensive pessimism are common among first-year university students and that ego goals and task goals mark their approach to their studies.
Abstract: Interviews with 1st-year university students selected as high or low in either self-handicapping or defensive pessimism identified (a) personal perspectives on the nature of self-handicapping and defensive pessimism, (b) the perceived reasons why they engage in these strategies and the perceived advantages that follow from them, and (c) the extent to which ego goals and task goals mark their approach to their studies. The data confirm previous quantitative research and also provide important qualitative information on the congruencies and differences in goal orientation for self-handicappers and defensive pessimists, the social and academic costs of self-protective behavior, the control students feel they have over their self-protective behavior, and the roles of the family and students' culture in their tendency to self-protect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
164 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors place self-handicapping and defensive pessimism (comprising defensive expectations and reflectivity) into a single conceptual and analytic framework that models the full self-protective process across time.
159 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored key gender differences in motivation from a quantitative perspective and presented findings from a qualitative study into boys' perceptions of motivating teachers and motivating pedagogy.
Abstract: This paper explores key gender differences in motivation from a quantitative perspective and presents findings from a qualitative study into boys’ perceptions of motivating teachers and motivating pedagogy. Data collected from 3773 high school students suggest that girls score significantly higher than boys in their belief in the value of school, learning focus, planning, study management, and persistence while boys rate significantly higher in self-sabotage/self-handicapping. However, girls rated significantly higher than boys in anxiety. In the qualitative phase of the research, boys identified the following features of effective and motivating pedagogy: a good relationship between student and teacher, the teacher’s enjoyment of teaching and working with young people, providing boys with choices and input into the lesson, making schoolwork interesting and/or relevant, providing variety in content and methods, and respecting boys’ opinions and perspectives. The paper then draws on data presented elsewhere to show that, in addition to some key gender differences in motivation, there are also some noteworthy parallels between boys and girls. The paper concludes with a discussion of motivation as it relates to the social construction of gender, fear of failure and masculinity, and program development, construction and implementation.
88 citations
TL;DR: Grafted single-chain Fv antibodies, previously isolated from a human phage display library after multiple rounds of in vitro panning on tumor cells, are grafted with the specificity of the clinically established murine monoclonal anti-CD22 antibody RFB4 to take advantage of robust pre-selected scaffolds of such molecules.
Abstract: A prerequisite for the enrichment of antibodies screened from phage display libraries is their stable expression on a phage during multiple selection rounds. Thus, if stringent panning procedures are employed, selection is simultaneously driven by antigen affinity, stability and solubility. To take advantage of robust pre-selected scaffolds of such molecules, we grafted single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies, previously isolated from a human phage display library after multiple rounds of in vitro panning on tumor cells, with the specificity of the clinically established murine monoclonal anti-CD22 antibody RFB4. We show that a panel of grafted scFvs retained the specificity of the murine monoclonal antibody, bound to the target antigen with high affinity (6.4-9.6 nM), and exhibited exceptional biophysical stability with retention of 89-93% of the initial binding activity after 6 days of incubation in human serum at 37degreesC. Selection of stable human scaffolds with high sequence identity to both the human germline and the rodent frameworks required only a small number of murine residues to be retained within the human frameworks in order to maintain the structural integrity of the antigen binding site. We expect this approach may be applicable for the rapid generation of highly stable humanized antibodies with low immunogenic potential.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the challenges for tourism provision and development in the northeast of Scotland are discussed and primary data have been collected from tourism providers in the region in an attempt to identify the specific challenges that face northeast Scotland.
Abstract: All peripheral regions face significant challenges with tourism development. This research initially acknowledges the challenges facing peripheral regions, which can be either geographical, such as access and infrastructure, or perceptual in nature, such as image related. Subsequently the challenges for tourism provision and development in the northeast of Scotland are discussed. Primary data have been collected from tourism providers in the region in an attempt to identify the specific challenges that face northeast Scotland. This region of Scotland faces a unique challenge in that the region effectively has two micro-economies; Aberdeen city and its surrounding area benefit from the influence of a relatively buoyant oil industry, whereas the more remote areas to the north and west exhibit many peripheral tendencies. This juxtaposition of two contrasting operating environments in a peripheral area highlights the unique challenges for tourism development in this part of the world. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
65 citations
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: An automatically updated Web-server is presented, which provides a mapping between chains in the Protein Databank and Enzyme Classification numbers in a queryable form and as a downloadable XML or flat file.
Abstract: Summary: A mapping between chains in the Protein Databank (PDB) and Enzyme Classication (EC) numbers is invaluable for research into structure-function relationships. Mapping at the chain level is a non-trivial problem and we present an automatically updated web-server which provides this link in a queryable form and as a downloadable XML or at le.
48 citations
TL;DR: To estimate the effects of key uncertainties on the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of breast cancer prevention with tamoxifen, a large number of patients were randomly assigned to receive the drug or a placebo.
TL;DR: This article examined parents' perceptions of their child's school-related motivation and their enjoyment of parenting and found that parents rated girls significantly higher than boys in value of schooling, learning focus, planning, and study management.
Abstract: This paper examines parents' perceptions of their child's school-related motivation and their enjoyment of parenting. Drawing on Martins (2003a) Student Motivation Wheel, 10 facets of motivation were explored among a sample of 481 parents. These facets comprised six motivation boosters (self-belief, value of schooling, learning/mastery focus, planning, study management, persistence), two motivation mufflers (anxiety, failure avoidance), and two motivation guzzlers (uncertain control, self-sabotage/self-handicapping). Parents rated girls significantly higher than boys in value of schooling, learning focus, planning, and study management. Of the boosters, children's persistence was the strongest predictor of respondents' enjoyment of parenting. Of the mufflers, failure avoidance was the strongest (negative) predictor of parenting satisfaction. In terms of guzzlers, uncertain control was the strongest (negative) predictor of respondents' enjoyment of parenting. Compared with mothers' enjoyment of parenting, fathers' satisfaction in their role was more strongly related to their children's school-related motivation.
Patent•
17 Jun 2003TL;DR: In this article, a method of identifying framework acceptor regions in framework sequences for backmutation to graft a donor sequence to the human framework was proposed. But this method requires human variable chain framework regions and humanized antibodies comprising the framework regions.
Abstract: The current invention provides new human variable chain framework regions and humanized antibodies comprising the framework regions. The invention also provides a new method of identifying framework acceptor regions in framework sequences for backmutation to graft a donor sequence to the human framework.
01 Jan 2003
Patent•
17 Jun 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, a procede d'identification de regions charpentes acceptrices dans des sequences d'accepteurs, recourant a une retromutation for greffer une sequence donneuse sur a charpente humaine.
Abstract: L'invention porte sur de nouvelles regions charpentes humaines a chaine variable et sur des anticorps humanises comprenant lesdites regions. L'invention porte egalement sur un nouveau procede d'identification de regions charpentes acceptrices dans des sequences d'accepteurs, recourant a une retromutation pour greffer une sequence donneuse sur une charpente humaine.