Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanpsy/PIIS2215-0366(16)30030-X.pdf

Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review

A survey on fall detection: Principles and approaches

Craig P, Cooper C, Gunnell D, Haw S, Lawson K, Macintyre S, Ogilvie D, Petticrew M, Reeves B, Sutton M, Thompson S

Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(13)60355-4.pdf

UK health performance: findings of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Background Differences in mortality by country of birth in England and Wales in people under 70 years of age have been demonstrated previously. Changes in age distribution of migrants and in migration patterns have occurred subsequently. Methods All-cause and circulatory disease mortality for people aged 20 years and over in England and Wales by country of birth were examined using population data from the 2001 Census and mortality data for 2001–2003. Indirect standardization was used to estimate sex-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in comparison to mortality for England and Wales as a whole. Results SMRs for all-cause mortality were statistically significantly higher than the national average for people born in Ireland, Scotland, East Africa and West Africa and lower for people born in China and Hong Kong. SMRs for circulatory disease were highest among people born in Bangladesh and lowest among people born in China and Hong Kong. Patterns of ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality differed by country of birth. Conclusions Mortality, particularly due to ischaemic heart disease and stroke, differs markedly by country of birth in all age groups including the

/pdf/mortality-from-all-causes-and-circulatory-disease-by-country-38kecmpzyn.pdf

Mortality from all causes and circulatory disease by country of birth in England and Wales 2001–2003

Background 

Suicide rates vary by occupation but this relationship has not been frequently studied.

Aims 

To identify the occupations with significantly high suicide rates in England and Wales in 2001–2005 and to compare these with rates from previous decades.

Method 

Mortality data from death registrations in England and Wales over the calendar years 2001–2005 were used to calculate proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for both men and women aged 20–64 years by their occupation.

Results 

Among men, in 2001–2005, construction workers, and plant and machine operatives had the greatest number of suicides. The highest PMRs were for health professionals (PMR=164) and agricultural workers (PMR=133). Among women, administrative and secretarial workers had the greatest number of suicides yet the highest PMRs were found for health (PMR=232), and sport and fitness (PMR=244) occupations.

Conclusions 

Excess mortality from suicide remains in some occupational groups. The apparent changes in suicide patterns merits further exploration, for example examining the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation in medical practitioners, dentists, veterinarians, agricultural workers, librarians and construction workers.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/E7EDB472607A6E5B2A5912342C2B6F84/S0007125000248800a.pdf/div-class-title-patterns-of-suicide-by-occupation-in-england-and-wales-2001-2005-div.pdf

Patterns of suicide by occupation in England and Wales: 2001-2005.

Objectives To explore trends in suicide in young people to investigate the recent observation that after year on year rises in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, rates in young men are now declining. Design Time trend analysis. Setting England and Wales, 1968-2005. Population Men and women aged 15-34 years. Results Since the 1990s, rates of suicide in young men have declined steadily and by 2005 they were at their lowest level for almost 30 years. This decline is partly because of a reduction in poisoning with car exhaust gas as an increased number of cars have catalytic converters; but there have been declines in suicides from all common methods, including hanging, suggesting a more pervasive effect. Other risk factors for suicide, such as unemployment and divorce, have also decreased. Possible recent reductions in alcohol use among young men and increases in prescribing of antidepressants do not seem to be temporally related to the decline in suicide. Conclusions Suicide rates in young men have declined markedly in the past 10 years in England and Wales. Reductions in key risk factors for suicide, such as unemployment, might be contributing to lower rates.

Suicide rates in young men in England and Wales in the 21st century: time trend study

Mortality from all cancers combined and major cancers among men and women aged 20 years and over was compared by country of birth with that of the whole of England and Wales as the reference group. Population data from the 2001 Census and mortality data for 2001–2003 were used to estimate standardised mortality ratios. Data on approximately 399 000 cancer deaths were available, with at least 400 cancer deaths in each of the smaller populations. Statistically significant differences from the reference group included: higher mortality from all cancers combined, lung and colorectal cancer among people born in Scotland and Ireland, lower mortality for all cancers combined, lung, breast and prostate cancer among people born in Bangladesh (except for lung cancer in men), India, Pakistan or China/Hong Kong, lower lung cancer mortality among people born in West Africa or the West Indies, higher breast cancer mortality among women born in West Africa and higher prostate cancer mortality among men born in West Africa or the West Indies. These data may be relevant to causal hypotheses and in relation to health care and cancer prevention.

/pdf/mortality-from-all-cancers-and-lung-colorectal-breast-and-579wujz2lz.pdf

Mortality from all cancers and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer by country of birth in England and Wales, 2001–2003

This article examines how best to identify the leading causes of mortality in England an Wales, by using different way of grouping causes of death, based on a list developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Four different versions of this list are compared. The leading cause of death across all age groups depends on the ways in which common diseases and external causes are aggregated or disaggregated into groups. Areas of particular debate, examined in this article, are the grouping or splitting of accidents by mechanism and cancers by site within leading cause lists. These affect which causes appear in the top ten, and their order in different age groups.

Anita Brock

Papers

Mortality from all causes and circulatory disease by country of birth in England and Wales 2001–2003

Patterns of suicide by occupation in England and Wales: 2001-2005.

Suicide rates in young men in England and Wales in the 21st century: time trend study

Mortality from all cancers and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer by country of birth in England and Wales, 2001–2003

Leading causes of death in England and Wales--how should we group causes?