The amniotic membrane in ophthalmology

At present, the double blind placebo controlled foodchallenge(DBPCFC)representstheonlywaytoestablishorruleoutanadversereactiontoafoodinolderchildrenand adults, whereas an open challenge controlled bytrained personnel is suﬃcient in infants and youngchildren (1). The challenge procedure is not, however,C.Bindslev-Jensen

/pdf/standardization-of-food-challenges-in-patients-with-5aoq7gh8gf.pdf

Standardization of food challenges in patients with immediate reactions to foods--position paper from the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology.

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty as an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty a report by the american academy of ophthalmology

Topley and Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

Fungi may infect the cornea, orbit and other ocular structures. Species of Fusarium, Aspergillus, Candida, dematiaceous fungi, and Scedosporium predominate. Diagnosis is aided by recognition of typical clinical features and by direct microscopic detection of fungi in scrapes, biopsy specimens, and other samples. Culture confirms the diagnosis. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, or DNA-based tests may also be needed. Pathogenesis involves agent (invasiveness, toxigenicity) and host factors. Specific antifungal therapy is instituted as soon as the diagnosis is made. Amphotericin B by various routes is the mainstay of treatment for life-threatening and severe ophthalmic mycoses. Topical natamycin is usually the first choice for filamentous fungal keratitis, and topical amphotericin B is the first choice for yeast keratitis. Increasingly, the triazoles itraconazole and fluconazole are being evaluated as therapeutic options in ophthalmic mycoses. Medical therapy alone does not usually suffice for invasive fungal orbital infections, scleritis, and keratitis due to Fusarium spp., Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Pythium insidiosum. Surgical debridement is essential in orbital infections, while various surgical procedures may be required for other infections not responding to medical therapy. Corticosteroids are contraindicated in most ophthalmic mycoses; therefore, other methods are being sought to control inflammatory tissue damage. Fungal infections following ophthalmic surgical procedures, in patients with AIDS, and due to use of various ocular biomaterials are unique subsets of ophthalmic mycoses. Future research needs to focus on the development of rapid, species-specific diagnostic aids, broad-spectrum fungicidal compounds that are active by various routes, and therapeutic modalities which curtail the harmful effects of fungus- and host tissue-derived factors.

/pdf/current-perspectives-on-ophthalmic-mycoses-4mk8f0p693.pdf

Current Perspectives on Ophthalmic Mycoses

Corneal graft rejection.

PurposeTo compare the effectiveness of deep lamellar keratoplasty (DLK) with that of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in cases of corneal lesions not involving the endothelium.MethodsForty-eight eyes with leukomatous corneal opacity (n = 33), keratoconus with apical scarring (n = 6), granular corneal

Deep lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty for corneal lesions.

Suturing is a time consuming task in ophthalmology and suture induced irritation and redness are frequent problems. Postoperative wound infection and corneal graft rejection are examples of possible suture related complications. To prevent these complications, ophthalmic surgeons are switching to sutureless surgery. A number of recent developments have established tissue adhesives like cyanoacrylate glue and fibrin glue as attractive alternatives to sutures. A possible and promising new application for tissue adhesives is to provide a platform for tissue engineering. Currently, tissue glue is being used for conjunctival closure following pterygium and strabismus surgery, forniceal reconstruction surgery, amniotic membrane transplantation, lamellar corneal grafting, closure of corneal perforations and descematoceles, management of conjunctival wound leaks after trabeculectomy, lid surgery, adnexal surgery and as a hemostat to minimise bleeding. The purpose of this review is to discuss the currently available information on fibrin glue.

Fibrin glue in ophthalmology.

PurposeTo evaluate the demographic features, clinical profile, and laboratory diagnosis in cases of mycotic keratitis in children.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 211 cases of mycotic keratitis in children younger than 16 years over a 5-year period in a tertiary eye center. Culture-proven cases of

Anita Panda

Papers

Corneal graft rejection.

Deep lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty for corneal lesions.

Fibrin glue in ophthalmology.

Mycotic keratitis in children: epidemiologic and microbiologic evaluation.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy in glaucoma.