Anthony P. Moll

TL;DR: MDR tuberculosis is more prevalent than previously realised in a rural area in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa and has been transmitted to HIV co-infected patients and is associated with high mortality.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis of the available therapeutic studies to assess how the reported proportion of patients treated successfully is influenced by differences in treatment regimen design, study methodology, and patient population.

TL;DR: Mortality from MDR and XDR TB in this high HIV-prevalence region is extraordinarily high, particularly within the first 30 days, and efforts to reduce mortality must focus on earlier diagnosis and early initiation of second-line TB and antiretroviral therapy.

TL;DR: A synergistic combination of available nosocomial infection control strategies could prevent nearly half of XDR tuberculosis cases, even in a resource-limited setting.

TL;DR: Exogenous reinfection is an important mechanism for the development of MDR and XDR TB in areas of South Africa with a high prevalence of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.