An overview of numerical and mathematical modelling-based distributed generation (DG) system optimisation techniques is presented in this review paper. The objective is to compare different aspects of these two broad classes of DG optimisation techniques, explore their applications, and identify potential research directions from reviewed studies. Introductory descriptions of general electrical power system and DG system are first provided, followed by reviews on renewable resource assessment, load demand analysis, model formulation, and optimisation techniques. In renewable resource assessment model review, uncertain solar and wind energy resources are emphasised whereas applications of forecasting models have been highlighted based on their prediction horizons, computational power requirement, and training data intensity. For DG optimisation framework, (solar, wind and tidal) power generator, energy storage and energy balance models are discussed; in optimisation technique section, both numerical and mathematical modelling optimisation methods are reviewed, analysed and criticised with recommendations for their improvements. In overall, this review provides preliminary guidelines, research gaps and recommendations for developing a better and more user-friendly DG energy planning optimisation tool.

Review of distributed generation (DG) system planning and optimisation techniques: Comparison of numerical and mathematical modelling methods

Sustainable procurement is an emerging theme in the construction industry across the globe. However, organizations in the construction industry often encounter impediments in improving environmental performance in construction projects, especially in procurement. Besides its other facets, procurement of construction equipment is inherited to be capital-intensive and vital for managing environmental concerns associated with built environment projects. In this regard, selection criteria in such procurement processes are generally supportive of considering cost and engineering specifications as key parameters. However, sustainability apprehensions in today’s Malaysian construction industry have mounted pressure on industry professionals to rethink their equipment acquisition strategies. The notion of green or sustainable procurement is still infancy for the Malaysian construction industry and facing challenges for embedding it in the current procurement practices. This research aims to address these apprehensions by considering six main criteria, namely, life cycle cost (LCC), performance (P), system capability (SC), operational convenience (OC), environmental impact (EI), and social benefits (SBs), and their 38 subcriteria towards procurement of sustainable construction equipment. A multicriteria-based equipment selection framework on the triple bottom line of sustainability in the context of the Malaysian construction industry has been developed and tested. The application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) established the sustainable procurement index with a consistent sensitivity analysis results. As such, the proposed procurement index shall help decision-makers in the process of the acquisition of sustainable construction equipment in Malaysia.

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An Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Sustainable Procurement of Construction Equipment: Multicriteria-Based Decision Framework for Malaysia

Entering the 5G and internet of things (IoT) era, human–machine interfaces (HMIs) capable of providing humans with more intuitive interaction with the digitalized world have experienced a flourishing development in the past few years. Although the advanced sensing techniques based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) solutions, e.g., camera, microphone, inertial measurement unit (IMU), etc., and flexible solutions, e.g., stretchable conductor, optical fiber, etc., have been widely utilized as sensing components for wearable/non-wearable HMIs development, the relatively high-power consumption of these sensors remains a concern, especially for wearable/portable scenarios. Recent progress on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) self-powered sensors provides a new possibility for realizing low-power/self-sustainable HMIs by directly converting biomechanical energies into valuable sensory information. Leveraging the advantages of wide material choices and diversified structural design, TENGs have been successfully developed into various forms of HMIs, including glove, glasses, touchpad, exoskeleton, electronic skin, etc., for sundry applications, e.g., collaborative operation, personal healthcare, robot perception, smart home, etc. With the evolving artificial intelligence (AI) and haptic feedback technologies, more advanced HMIs could be realized towards intelligent and immersive human–machine interactions. Hence, in this review, we systematically introduce the current TENG HMIs in the aspects of different application scenarios, i.e., wearable, robot-related and smart home, and prospective future development enabled by the AI/haptic-feedback technology. Discussion on implementing self-sustainable/zero-power/passive HMIs in this 5G/IoT era and our perspectives are also provided.

Progress in the Triboelectric Human–Machine Interfaces (HMIs)-Moving from Smart Gloves to AI/Haptic Enabled HMI in the 5G/IoT Era

Performing daily interaction tasks such as opening doors and pulling drawers in unstructured environments is a challenging problem for robots. The emergence of soft-bodied robots brings a new persp...

Hierarchical control of soft manipulators towards unstructured interactions

One of the main global challenges in the last few years has been to improve energy efficiency. In this area, the residential sector is responsible for a considerable proportion of energy consumption and a possible way to address this problem is to adopt a HAS (Home Automation System). This work reports the results of our investigation in smart home systems that combine WSANs (Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks) and Computational Intelligence techniques with a focus on energy efficiency. We discuss several valuable ideas from this systematic review, including guidelines for new research projects in the area of home automation. As result of this survey, the main contributions of this work are: (i) identification and discussion of studies that combine WSANs and computation intelligence in HAS that particularly target energy-saving; (ii) finding gaps in the selected works, and offering solutions that can guide new areas of research, as well as new projects in HAS and (iii) demonstrating that solutions based on WSANs that are integrated with computational intelligence have emerged as an attractive alternative that can be deployed in a HAS.

Energy-efficient smart home systems: Infrastructure and decision-making process

https://www.daaam.info/Downloads/Pdfs/proceedings/proceedings_2014/155.pdf

Investigation Performance of Marine Equipment with Specialized Information Technology

One of the most essential tasks for a number of systems of the automatic controls in the autonomous electric power systems of the water transport is accurate calculation of variable harmonic components in the non-sinusoidal signal. In the autonomous electric power systems operating with full semiconductor capacity, the forms of line currents and voltages are greatly distorted, and generator devices generate voltage with inconsistent frequency, phase and amplitude. It makes calculation of harmonic composition of the distorted signals be a non-trivial task. The present paper provides a mathematical set for solution of the outlined problem including the realization in the discrete form. The simplicity and efficiency of the system proposed make possible to perform its practical realization with the help of cheap FPGA. The test of the developed system has been performed in the medium Matlab. The modern ship's electric power systems (SEPS) are characterized by the presence in its composition of a great number of the conversion load, including frequency transformer, un-interruptive power supply, inverters, rectifiers and other consuming devices varying in their non-linear volt-ampere features. Similar load has a negative impact on the supplying network of the alternating current, generating into it highest harmonic components of currents and voltages. At the same time, a great deal of the ship's automation systems apply the line currents and voltages to form the reference signal. Thus, for example, an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) of the ship's synchronous generators (SG) performs regulation by an average value of voltages and currents in the circuit. However, with the distorted form of the variable signals (that is caused by the presence of a wide range of highest harmonics) their average value increases and an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), correcting the error, decreases the exciting current of the synchronous generator that results in loss of voltage in the ship's electric power systems (SEPS). Consequently, decrease in relative value and increase in highest harmonics take place, and, thus, the electromagnetic moment of the non-synchronous motors decreases, the level of interferences influencing the systems of the ship's automatic controls becomes higher, and the losses in the power supply lines enlarge. Practically, such an error is corrected by the adjustment of the voltage corrector (VC). However, as the harmonic composition periodically varies depending on the mode of operation and the composition of the load of the electric power station, the setting of the voltage corrector should be changed constantly. This problem should be solved by measuring the level of the basic harmonics of the current and voltages of the ship's circuit. On the other side, it is known that filter-compensating devices (FCD) are the most efficient means to increase the quality of electric energy in the ship's power supply systems at the moment. Their efficiency in higher harmonic suppression and compensation of their volt-ampere reactive may be provided only by the high accuracy of the calculation of parameters in the target harmonics of the line currents and voltages. 2. Settlement of the problem Thus, the required functional set of the systems taken as an example determining their efficiency, in particular, and their operational performance in general, is a set for identification of external parameters of the control system. The major function of the block is extraction of harmonic components required for their analysis, calculation of their parameters from the distorted signal and application of the results of that analysis in the control of the means of the increasing values for quality of the electric

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Modeling of Complex Structures for the Ship's Power Complex Using Xilinx System

Hard- and software of a marine Euler-angle orientation control system is described Vessel rolling and pitching are controlled by ballast tank level adjustment A method for compensating the deviation of vessel’s plane from horizon plane in emergency situations is offered Using roll and pitch angles data it calculates the parameters of emergency cargo displacement characteristics

Hard- and Software Implementation of Emergency Prevention System for Maritime Transport

Internet of Things (IoT) — a unified network of physical objects that can change the parameters of the environment or their own, gather information and transmit it to other devices. It is emerging as the third wave in the development of the internet. This technology will give immediate access to information about the physical world and the objects in it leading to innovative services and increase in efficiency and productivity. The IoT is enabled by the latest developments, smart sensors, communication technologies, and Internet protocols. This article contains a description of lnternet of things (IoT) networks. Much attention is given to prospects for future of using IoT and it's development. Some problems of development IoT are were noted. The article also gives valuable information on building(construction) IoT systems based on PLC technology.

Power line communication in IoT-systems

Problems of realization of completely autonomous systems of navigation are considered in a set of spheres of human activity today. The most important task is today the attempt to create on the basis of system of technical sight completely autonomous system of navigation for motor transport, the marine transport and aircraft. In article the problem of creation of such system for the drone which is carrying out research or rescue operations on the difficult area is considered. And it is concrete in the wood. The main objective of system is finding of footpaths among trees on which the drone can follow. The main tool of the solution of this problem offers use of artificial neural networks of deep training or convolution networks. The quantity of layers and dimensions of local networks at their use is proved in problems of autonomous navigation of drones on the basis of systems of technical sight.

Anton A. Zhilenkov

Papers

Investigation Performance of Marine Equipment with Specialized Information Technology

Modeling of Complex Structures for the Ship's Power Complex Using Xilinx System

Hard- and Software Implementation of Emergency Prevention System for Maritime Transport

Power line communication in IoT-systems

System of autonomous navigation of the drone in difficult conditions of the forest trails