Arnold Lohaus

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on gender effects and interactions between gender, type of stressful situation, and age group in coping strategies in childhood and adolescence and found that in general, girls scored higher in seeking social support and problem solving, whereas boys score higher in avoidant coping.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined if a maternal tendency toward prompt responses can be identified by distributional analyses of maternal response latencies and if this response tendency can be shown for different communicative channels (in verbal/vocal, nonverbal, intermodal communication).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed culturally formed parenting styles during infancy, as related to the sociocultural orientations of independence and interdependence, and found that two styles of parenting (distal and proximal) can express parenting priorities in particular ecocultural environments.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors address the stability and variability of patterns of parenting in three cultural environments that can be assumed to differ with respect to their cultural models, and predict changes in parenting styles that should be oriented to a more independent cultural model across the cultural samples.

Abstract: Cultures differ with respect to parenting strategies already during infancy. Distal parenting, i.e., face-to-face context and object stimulation, is prevalent in urban educated middle-class families of Western cultures; proximal parenting, i.e., body contact and body stimulation, is prevalent in rural, low-educated farmer families. Parents from urban educated families in cultures with a more interdependent history use both strategies. Besides these cultural preferences, little is known about the relations between these styles as well as the behavioural systems constituting them. In this study therefore, the relations between the styles and the constituting behaviours were analysed in samples that differ with respect to their preferences of distal and proximal parenting. The hypothesized differences between the samples and the negative relationship between distal and proximal parenting, as well as between the respective behavioural systems can clearly be demonstrated. Furthermore, the impact of the sociode...