The pressure sore is a common clinical problem, although its pathophysiology and management are poorly appreciated by many physicians. The impact of these lesions in terms of patient morbidity and rehabilitation, and health care expenditures is great. Shearing forces, friction and moisture, as well as pressure, contribute to the development of these sores. This paper reviews the clinical settings, causative factors, complications, and principles of prevention and management of the pressure sore. Early surgical consultation is important, because of the deceptive nature and multiple sequelae of these wounds.

The Pressure Sore: Pathophysiology and Principles of Management

During the last 2 decades, Gram-negative rod bacteremia has become the leading infectious disease problem in American hospitals. With improvements in conventional microbiologic techniques, bacteremic infection can be diagnosed reliably within 3 days using only three sets of cultures. Clinical management still requires aggressive, presumptive use of antimicrobials in patients with the most adverse host factors. In the latter group, the use of combinations of antibiotics that interact synergistically in vitro has improved clinical results. In bacteremia due to anaerobes, particularly Bacteroides species, drainage of infected sites is probably more important than specific drug therapy. Various host defects have been associated with Gram-negative bacteremia; the most common in the nonleukopenic patient is impaired opsonization. The evidence that endotoxins are involved in the pathophysiology of Gram-negative bacillemia is inferential. Nevertheless, both clinical and experimental evidence suggest that active or passive immunization with endotoxin components or antigens similar to Gram-negative polysaccharides may be protective.

Gram-Negative Rod Bacteremia: Microbiologic, Immunologic, and Therapeutic Considerations

Sepsis associated with decubitus ulcers

https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/0003-9993(94)90117-1/pdf

Pressure ulcers: a review

This article comprehensively reviews the growth of III–V antimony-based semiconductor materials using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). It does this by first discussing the general trends found for the growth of these materials. Next the specific growth techniques are discussed for each of the antimony-based systems including the binaries InSb, GaSb, and AlSb. The growth techniques used for many of the ternaries and quaternaries of these materials are also discussed. Following this a brief description of the use of dopants, novel organometallic sources and superlattices is presented. Next, the use of common characterization techniques is presented for different types of materials. A variety of the types of devices is then presented followed by a short summary and forecast of future directions that are currently being pursued in these materials.

The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition and properties of III–V antimony-based semiconductor materials

Ultrasonic extracts of three subspecies of Bacteroides fragilis were used to detect precipitating antibody against B. fragilis in Ouchterlony plates. Sera of 12 patients with bacteremia due to B. fragilis and of nine patients in whom B. fragilis was isolated from loculated pus were studied. Sera from 50% of bacteremic patients and from 44% of patients with abscesses formed precipitins with one or more extracts of B. fragilis. Sera from five of eight patients with lung abscesses formed precipitins with extracts of B. fragilis. Sera of 20 normal persons formed no precipitins with these extracts. Sera of 20 hospitalized patients infected with aerobic gram-negative organisms formed precipitins with ultrasonic extracts from homologous organisms but did not form precipitins with the extracts of B. fragilis.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/30106131

Detection of Bacteroides fragilis Infection by Precipitin Antibody

Three cases of paraplegic patients with Bacteroides bccteremia from decubitus ulers are reported. Each patient was suspected of having another organism and another source of infection. Each patient was treated initially and unsuccessfully with antibiotics normally useful for aerobic gram-neg

Bacteroides bacteremia from decubitus ulcers.

IgM and IgG antibody response to teichoic acid in infections due to Staphylococcus aureus.

Accurate determination of trap density in the active region of mid-infrared narrow-bandgap detectors is crucial in the development towards background-limited performance at higher operating temperatures. We have used both optical and electrical measurements to determine the trap density in InSb/InAlSb nonequilibrium detector structures. Both of these techniques result in very good agreement with trap densities of 5×1014 cm-3.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-8984/12/50/101/pdf

Arthur White

Papers

Detection of Bacteroides fragilis Infection by Precipitin Antibody

Bacteroides bacteremia from decubitus ulcers.

IgM and IgG antibody response to teichoic acid in infections due to Staphylococcus aureus.

Direct determination of Shockley-Read-Hall trap density in InSb/InAlSb detectors