This paper presents a review of the turn of events and points of view of biogas in and its utilization for power, heat and in transport in the European Union (EU) and its Member States. Biogas creation has expanded in the EU, empowered by the sustainable power strategies, notwithstanding monetary, ecological and atmosphere benefits, to arrive at 18 billion m3 methane (654 PJ) in 2015, speaking to half of the worldwide biogas creation. The EU is the world chief in biogas power creation, with more than 10 GW introduced and various 17,400 biogas plants, in contrast with the worldwide biogas limit of 15 GW in 2015. In the EU, biogas conveyed 127 TJ of warmth and 61 TWh of power in 2015; about half of absolute biogas utilization in Europe was bound to warm age. Europe is the world's driving maker of biomethane for the utilization as a vehicle fuel or for infusion into the petroleum gas network, with 459 plants in 2015 creating 1.2 billion m3 and 340 plants taking care of into the gas network, with a limit of 1.5 million m3. Around 697 biomethane filling stations guaranteed the utilization 160 million m3 of biomethane as a transport fuel in 2015.

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/biogas-developments-and-perspectives-in-europe.pdf

Biogas Developments and Perspectives in Europe

Cyanide in industrial wastewaters and its removal: A review on biotreatment

Valorization of biomass waste to engineered activated biochar by microwave pyrolysis: Progress, challenges, and future directions

A critical review on the treatment of dye-containing wastewater: Ecotoxicological and health concerns of textile dyes and possible remediation approaches for environmental safety

Sewage sludge-based adsorbents: a review of their production, properties and use in water treatment applications.

Activated carbons were prepared from Fox nutshell by chemical activation with H 3 PO 4 in N 2 atmosphere and their characteristics were studied. The effects of activation temperature and impregnation ratio were examined. N 2 adsorption isotherms characterized the surface area, total pore volume, micropore volume and pore size distribution of activated carbons. Activated carbon was produced at 700 °C with a 1.5 impregnation ratio and one hour of activation time has found 2636 m 2 /g and 1.53 cm 3 /g of highest BET surface area and total pore volume, respectively. The result of Fourier-infrared spectroscopy analysis of the prepared activated carbon confirmed that the carbon has abundant functional groups on the surface. Field emission scanning electron micrographs of the prepared activated carbon showed that a porous structure formed during activation.

Arvind Kumar

Papers

WITHDRAWN: Preparation and characterization of high surface area activated carbon from Fox nut (Euryale ferox) shell by chemical activation with H3PO4

Removal of methylene blue and phenol onto prepared activated carbon from Fox nutshell by chemical activation in batch and fixed-bed column

Optimization of an azo dye batch adsorption parameters using Box-Behnken design.

High surface area microporous activated carbons prepared from Fox nut (Euryale ferox) shell by zinc chloride activation

Optimization of process parameters for acrylonitrile removal by a low-cost adsorbent using Box–Behnken design